فصلنامه پژوهش های نوین روانشناختی
پیاپی 17 (بهار 1389)

This research was conducted to study the predictive role of classrooms’ perceived goals structures (tasks, autonomy support, mastery evaluation and instrumentality) in prediction of mastery goal orientation. 300 secondary school students, including 150 males and 150 females, were selected from districts of Tabriz Office of Education. Data were gatheredthrough Survey of Blackborns’ Classroom Goals Structures and Academic Goal Orientation Questionnaire. Motivating task. Data were analyzed by multiple regression (stepwise) and path analysis. The results showed that motivating task was important predictive factor of students’ mastery goal orientation. In addition, it was found that 12% of the variance of mastery goal orientation was accounted by.

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between perfectionism and anger in a sample of students. A correlational analysis was performed to assess the kind of association existing among three dimensions of perfectionism including self-oriented,other-oriented, and socially prescribed perfectionism with anger dimensions including trait-anger, state-anger, anger-in, anger-out, anger-control in, and anger-control out. A total of 242 students (142 girls, 100 boys) were included in this study. All participants wereasked to complete the Tehran Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (TMPS) and the Tehran Multidimensional Anger Scale (TMAS). Analysis of the data involved both descriptive and inferential statistics including means, standard deviations, pearson's correlation coefficient, and regression analysis. The results revealed that selforientedand socially prescribed perfectionism were positively associated with anger dimensions, and negatively associated with anger control dimensions. No significant correlation was found between other-oriented perfectionism and dimensions of anger and anger control.

The aim of this research was to compare the personality characteristics and coping strategies of students with record in disciplinary committee of university and normal students. In this ex post facto research, two groups of subjects (students withrecord in disciplinary committee of university=76 and normal students=76) were selected via simple random sampling and then they were administered by demographic questionnaire, NEO-FFI personality questionnaire, and Folkman coping style Inventory. Data were analyzed using multiple - analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results revealed that there was significant difference between both groups in personality characteristics and coping strategies. Neuroticism (p<0/000) and emotional - focused coping strategy's (p<0/01) scores of students with record in disciplinary committee of universitywere higher than normal students, but in agreeableness (p<0/000), conscientiousness and problem- solving coping (p<0/02) were lower than them. The findings provided empirical support for the proposition that personality characteristics and coping strategies may influence criminal behaviour in students with record in disciplinary committee of university.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of passage of time and peripheral and centeral information on flashbulb memory. In the present study, 500 persons were selected by multi stages cluster sampling from the city of Tehran. The flashbulb memory was evaluated by FBQ questionnaire. Data was analyzed using t- test, chi square. The results indicated that there are significant differences betweencenteral information and peripheral information. Also passage of time did not have effect on the flashbulb memory. It can be concluded that central information were recalled better than peripheral information.

The aim of this research was to examine the relationship of selfdirected learning readiness, critical thinking disposition and academic performance in undergraduate students at Tabriz University. The statistical population included all undergraduatestudents at the University of Tabriz, which 346 students in different majors have been selected by the multi-stage cluster random sampling method. The research method is descriptive - correlational. For measuring the variables, Self-Directed Learning ReadinessScale (SDLRS), California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory and GPA were employed. The data were analyzed by SPSS soft ware. Pearson correlation test showed that there is a meaningful and positive relation among factors of Self-Directed LearningReadiness and Critical Thinking Disposition and academic performance. T test showed that there was not a significant difference between male and female students in total score selfdirected learning Readiness and critical thinking disposition. Also multiple-analysis of variance (MANOVA) showed that there was not a significant difference between male and female in factors of self-directed learning Readiness. Multiple Regressions Analysesidentified that self-concept and critical thinking disposition positively predicted academic Performance.

The goal of the present research was to assess the personality characteristics of the transsexuals applying for sex reassignment surgery. To this end, 25 applicants for the sex reassignment surgery (14 male-to-female, and 11 female-to-male) referring to the officeof Forensic Medicine were administered the MMPI-2. The control group consisted of 25 normal volunteers matched for age, gender, marital status, and level of education. The results were analyzed by calculating means, standard deviations, and using t-test. On thebasis of results obtained it can be concluded that:1) The means of the scores for the experimental group as a whole were higher than the means for the control group;2)The means the male applicants for the sex reassignment surgery were higher than the means for male participants of the normal group;3)The means for the female applicants were higher than the means for the females of the control group;4)The means of the scores for the male applicants for the sex reassignment surgery were higher than the means for the females of the same group. On the basis of these findings it may be said that disorders manifested in transsexuals, in general, may be attributed to their social and family problems as well as stresses and emotional pressures they are facing.

Two studies examined the relationship between the ability to access specific autobiographical material in memory and symptoms of posttraumatic stress. Participants completed the AMT and AMI followed by IES-R, Persian versions of BDI,BAI and the WAIS-R. Study 1 consists of two samples of privates with and without posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and a sample of healthy control. Results showed that reduced specificity of memories on the AMT and AMI is associated withincreased posttraumatic stress in traumatized samples. Study 2 examined retrieval of episodic and semantic autobiographical information from previous lifetime periods in groups of cancer survivors with posttraumatic stress and healthy controls. The cancer survivors were able to generate fewer specific episodic and semantic details about the past compared to the controls. The more symptomatic survivors showed the greatest memoryimpairment. The data from both studies are discussed in terms of compromised access to specific autobiographical material in distressed trauma survivors reflecting a process of affect regulation.

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between attachment to father, mother and peers and psychological separation of freshmen students in Tabriz University. Research was done by survey method. For this purpose, 220 undergraduate students were selected by haphazard sampling and completed Inventory of Parent and PeerAttachment (Armsden & Greenberg, 1987) and Psychological Separation Inventory (Huffman, 1984). To examine the association between subscales of parent and peer attachment (trust, communication, and alienation) and subscale of psychological separation (attitudinal, emotional, conflictual and functional independence), The canonicalstructure coefficients were used. Results of analyses suggested that the dimensions of emotional independence from mother and conflictual independence from father have significant difference between male and female students. Also, positive communication of father was positively associated with psychological separation of male and female student, but the negative communication of mother and peers was accompanied with loss of conflictual independence from parent and attitudinal independence from mother between male students. Other results revealed that among female student, There wassignificant relationship between peer trust and inattention, positive communication with father and high trust of him in one side and loss of conflictual and functional independence of mother and attitudinal independence in the other side.

Researchers believed that stress inoculation training has Positive effect on stress management. In this research, the effect of stress inoculation training on stress management and vital signs in patients under heart surgery were studed.For this purpose, the heart patients were selected and randomly divided in two groups. The subjects were matched on the lasis of demographic factors. Then the experimental group received the educational intervention for 8 sessions. Data were gathered via walters surgery stress management and the vital signs checklist.A repeated measure analysis of variance showed that the stress inoculation training could increase the ability of stress management and recovery of vital signs among coronary heartdisease patients. This finings showed that the psychological intervention has positive effects on patient's ability to cope effectively with surgery stress.