فهرست مطالب

فصلنامه دامپزشکی ایران
سال هفتم شماره 31 (تابستان 1390)

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1390/04/30
  • تعداد عناوین: 11
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  • Ahangarzadeh M., Mortezaei S.R., Houshmand H Page 5
    This paper focused on isolation of various bacteria (Vibrio sp.) from apparently healthyshrimps (Litopenaeus vannamei) collected from ponds suited in Choebdeh, south-western of Iran during two periods of culture (2006-2007). Diagnostic tests were carried out on gills and hepatopancreas for large shrimps and homogenized specimens for smaller ones. Totally, from whole organs, 10 vibrio species were detected probably as follows: Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus، Vibrio mimicus، Vibrio proteolyticus, Vibrio anguillarum, Vibrio splendidus، Vibrio nereis, Vibrio fluvialis، Vibrio campbelli meanwhileVibrio alginolyticus had the maximum abundance (47. 72%). Also, the mean counted vibrio in homogenized samples, gills and hepatopancreas were 7. 57×104, 3. 3×104 and 2. 57×104 (CFU/g) respectively.
  • Hamidinejat H., Seyfi Abad Shapouri M.R., Mayahi M., Pourmehdi Borojeni M., Sheikhzadeh M Page 12
    The aim of present study was molecular determination of Eimeria species cause subclinicalcoccidiosis in back-yard chickens of Ahvaz with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)and parasitological procedures and comparison of PCR with traditional parasitologicprocedures. For this reason, one hundred and three back-yard chickens were bought fromAhvaz bazaar then euthanized. After isolation of oocysts from infected birds morphologic and morphometric procedures and also PCR were applied. Results revealed that sixty threechickens (61.1%) infected with Eimeria. E. acervulina, E. maxima, E. brunetti and E. mitiswere detected by PCR, however oocysts with E. praecox criteria were also distinguished by morphologic and morphometric examinations. Except for E. maxima, PCR and traditionalbiometrical diagnosis showed poor agreement for discrimination of Eimeria species inchickens. K values for detecting each species were 0.27, 0.38, 0.45 and 0.76 for E. mitis, E. acervulina, E. brunetti and E. maxima, respectively. The present study revealed that PCR can apply as an accurate diagnostic tool for Eimeria species compare with traditional parasitologic procedures and in the absence of molecular methods, parasitological procedures may lead to confusing results.
  • Khadjeh G.H., Salimifard H., Sabzevarizadeh M Page 19
    The development of shrimp culture and the needs for monitoring of physiologicalconditions are constantly increasing. Some hemolymph metabolites have been used formonitoring of physiological conditions in wild or cultured shrimp species after exposing todifferent environmental conditions. The present study was desingned to investigate the normal concentrations of the some biochemical hemolymph parameters of white shrimp L. vannamei in Helleh farms of Bushehr Province, Iran. In order to determine hemolymph biochemical parameters, hemolymph sample were obtained from the ventral sinus of 200 L.vannamei fry clinically healthy with average weight of 12.1±3.2 gr and total length of 10.3±1.6 cm. The hemolyph parameters including glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, magnesium, calcium and total protein were determined. The results showed that the mean values±SEM of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, magnesium, and calcium were 28.0±2.4, 48.1±1.5, 112.2±4.2, 39.8±0.2 and 84.6±1.7 mg/dl, respectively, and the mean value±SEM of total protein was 11.2±0.2 g/dl.
  • Rahmati Andani H.R., Tukmechi A., Meshkini S., Ebrahimi H Page 26

    The aim of this study was to examine the use of isolated Lactobacilli from common carpintestine to increase the resistance of rainbow trout against Aeromonas hydrophila andYersinia ruckeri. For this purpose, intestinal content of 115 common carp were collected from the water resources of West Azarbaijan province and cultured on De Man, Rogosa and Sharpe Agar (MRS) medium. Finally four isolated Lactobacilli were used for antagonistic assay after identification based on conventional bacteriologic tests. The in-vitro antagonistic assay by agar diffusion test showed that Lactobacillus casei and L. plantarum inhibited the growth of Aeromonas hydrophila and Yersinia ruckeri. For in-vivo study 720 rainbow trout (20±30 gr) were obtained from a local farm and acclimated to the laboratory conditions for one week and then divided into four groups in three replicates. The bacteria were administered at 5×107 CFU/gr of feed while the control groups received antibiotic and sterile normal saline. The trial was conducted for one month and all treatments were challenged (IP) with two important pathogenic bacteria (Aeromonas hydrophila and Yersinia ruckerii). The results showed that Lactobacillus casei significantly (p<0.05) decreased the rainbow trout mortality against both pathogens than that of untreated control group. During the Lactobacilli feeding periodLactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus plantarum persisted in the fish intestine in highnumbers. Within two weeks after the change to the non-supplemented feed, both Lactobacilli decreased from intestine. In conclusion, the use of non specific and native Lactobacilli could improve rainbow trout resistance against pathogens.

  • Abbasi M., Mohammadzadeh S., Gharzi A Page 36
    The lambing rate after transcervical insemination in sheep is low mainly due to complexityof cervical canal. There are many anatomical and morphological differences in cervicalstructure between different breads of sheep. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anatomical characteristics of cervical structures in Lori sheep. For conducting of this research, 44 female genital systems of healthy Lori sheep (10 ewe lambs and 34 adult ewes) from Khorramabad slaughterhouse were selected and transfered to lab. After performing of cervix biometry, injection of silicone was done in order to prepare the cervix mould. In this study biometrical results in adult sheep were include: The mean length, weight, diameter and number of cervical folds of cervix were 59.90mm, 11.73g, 15.07mm and 5.73, respectively. Silicone moulds of cervix reveal the shape, position and size of mucosal folds in cervical canal.
  • Maktabi S., Haji Hajikolaie M.R., Ghorbanpoor M Page 44
    Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a secondary metabolite of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) that can be foundin milk as a result of the ingestion of the contaminated feedstuffs with some fungi byruminants. Consumption of contaminated milk and other dairies with AFM1 may have harmeffects on consumers. Since January 2007 to June 2008, 90 raw milk samples were collected from the traditional dairy farms in Ahvaz area and analyzed for AFM1 by ELISA technique.Almost 100% samples were found to be contaminated with AFM1 by different levels. 13samples (14.4%) exceeded the legal level of AFM1 in milk accepted by most countries (50ng/L). Eight samples (8.9%) were contaminated with level 30-50 ng/L and twenty foursamples (26.7 %) showed contamination level from 10-30 ng/L. The rest of samples (50%), proud to have low contamination with levels from 0 - 10 ng/L.In conclusion, AFM1 levels in some samples are significantly high that can be a potentiallypublic health problem. To control the problem, dairy cow feeds should be stored in a way that they do not become contaminated and milk products have to be under a continuousmonitoring.
  • Pourjafar H., Mirzaei H., Homayouni Rad A Page 50

    Microencapsulation of probiotic cells is one of the newest method which increasesprobiotics survival in probiotic food products. The aim of this study was to investigate thesurvival rate of free and microencapsulated lactobacillus acidaphilus La5 by sodium alginateand resistant starch in Iranian white chesses during manufacturing proccess and storage time.Two types of probiotic cheese, with free bacteria and microencapsulated bacteria, were manufactured in a same situation. The numbers of viable cells during 182 days of storage in refrigerated conditions, with a two weeks interval in two types of cheese using culture method were counted. In the operation was repeated six times and the obtained data were analyzed with SPSS software. In day zero, the average number of viable cells of Lactobacillus acidophilus in cheese containing free bacteria (10±0.58 log cfu/g) was less than cheese containing the microencapsulated microencapsulated bacteria (12.32±0.35 log cfu/g), however during the 28 days maintenance period, the number of viable cells in both types of cheese increased. The average number of cells in cheese containing free cells (12.09±0.59 log cfu/g) increased more than cheese containing microencapsulated cells (12.59±0.23 log cfu/g).Number of viable cells of Lactobacillus acidophilus reduced significantly from days 28 to182 of storage in both type of cheeses, but this reduction in cheese containing free cells(5.1±0.67 log cfu/g) were significantly higher than cheese containing microencapsulated cells (11±0.58 log cfu/g) (p<0.01). According to the results of this study, microencapsulation process by sodium alginate gel and resistant starch is able to increase the survival rate of lactobacillus acidaphilus La5 in Iranian white cheese after 6 month of storage time.

  • Cheraghi J., Taati M., Abdollahi Poor E Page 59
    In This study, the role of the metabotropic glutamate receptors (group III) on the regulation of food intake in 24h food-deprived broiler cockerels was investigated. In the 36 Broiler Cockerels with an implanted intraventricular cannula in the right ventricle of brain, intracerebroventricle injections of L-AP4 (a glutamate III receptor agonist) and UBP1112 (a glutamate III receptor antagonist) were performed. Food intake was measured by computer at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180, and 240 minute after injection. Both L-AP4 and UBP1112 produced nonsignificant effect on food intake when compared with control group. In conclution, the metabotropic glutamate receptors (type III) may not have any role in regulation of food intake in broiler cockerels.
  • Hassani M., Mohammadi M., Olov Qotbi A.A Page 64
    This research was carried out to study the effect of time interval between animal death and sperm recovery (24 or 48 h) on the quality of ram spermatozoa from cauda epididymis. The effectof two storage temperatures (room temperature or 5 0C) was analyzed. Testicles from 24 Taleshi rams (approximately 3-5 years old and BW 61±5.5 kg) were collected from slaughterhouse. One testicle from each pair was stored at room temperature (RT) (20 0C) and semen collection was carried out in the first 2 h after slaughter (control group). The other testicles were divided into four groups: kept at RT for 24 h, at 5 0C for 24 h, at RT for 48 h and at 5 0C for 48 h. Sperms were obtained by slicing the tissue of the cauda epididymis with a scalpel and then, sperm concentration was determined. Spermatozoa were diluted with Tes- Tris-Fructose solution supplemented with egg yolk and glycerol. The percentage of total motility and progressive motility, functional integrity of the sperm plasma membrane, spermviability and pH were measured. The results indicated that total motility, progressive motility, viability and functional integrity were significantly different between groups (p<0.05). pH was decreased with prolongation of postmortem time but was not statistically different (p>0.05). Sperms collected from the testis which were kept at 5 0C, showed better quality. The sperms belong to the testis kept up to 24 h showed better quality than those kept for 48 h. In conclusion, a good protocol for post-mortem semen collection in rams when epididymal spermatozoa can not be collected immediately is to preserve the epididymis at 5 0C and process the samples in the first 24 h after the death.
  • Shojaei B., Asadi A., Sajjadian S.M., Esmaeelzadeh S Page 79
    Different types of polymelic cases have been reported in the ruminants which most of them have been classified as heterotopic polymelia or polymelia in conjoined symmetrical twins.This article is describing a rare case of heterotopic polymelia with radial dimelia in a newborn lamb which died after 2 days due to unknown reasons. Radiographic and anatomic evaluation revealed that duplication of the ectopic limb extended proximally up to the elbow joint and two radius bones are present in it. In the polymelic cases which duplication of the limb affects zeugopodium, usually the lateral segment of this region (Ulna or Fibula) involves duplication and the medial segment (Radius or Tibia) remains single or may not form. Human radial dimelia has been reported as a very rare case, but according to the authors knowledge this is the first report of this anomaly in animals.