فصلنامه پژوهش و توسعه فناوری
پیاپی 3 (1389)

The aim of this paper is to introduce a comprehensive technology transfer model from university to industry. For this purpose a wide range of the most recent research, papers were studied in depth to explore the components of the proposed model. The study showed that although, university, government, and companies of private sector are inevitable components of technology transfer model, academic talents remain the main source of innovation and basis for its commercialization. The study suggests that, pursuing the exploitation of industry's demand for certain technology and specific criteria need to be encountered for the appropriate transfer of technology. This is particularly important in dealing with application, adaption, and promotion of initial technology developed in university. From this study, it can be concluded that a technology transfer office (TTO) can play an important role in facilitating transfer process and is likely to increase the chance of successful commercialization of innovative ideas developed in universities.

Close relation between cement consumption and development process reveals the essential role of this product in the economy of each country. Hence, it is important to have a precise forecast for cement price. In this regard, the forecast has done using both ARIMA Process and Artificial Neural Network in the content of expost and exant prediction. Utilizing Performance Comparison indexes to each approach determines that, on the average, error prediction in ANN approach is less than ARIMA Process. As a result, it can be said that ANN approach could be more efficient.

E-commerce implementation often encounters challenge of cost-benefit analysis upon the completion of the project architecture and business plan. It is more of a bigger challenge to implement it by public, private, or banking sector. There exists a view that these types of systems are to be subsidized and attract incentives by the government as they are based on information and communication technology. On the other hand, implantation of e-commerce systems by private consortiums or banking sector following a cost-benefit analysis appears to be a promising idea. Determining the key factors in project realization, however, appears to be not straightforward as it is in the case of industrial projects. This research attempts to give a review on these implications using field survey method and experts views followed by acquiring necessary data for a broad cost-benefit analysis. It then considers Mashhad public transport automatic fare collection project (AFC) and carries out an in-depth analysis of comparing two methods of realizing it, namely municipality involvement and banking sector investment as alternatives. The study shows that private investment is indeed a way to go for this case study.

Today, existing knowledge in the organizations is considered to be among their primary assets. Possessing such knowledge is invaluable in employees’ career success and survival of the organization. Despite enjoying numerous advantages, Knowledge Management (KM) systems were found not to be able to improve the efficiency of the organization in most cases (84%). In fact, KM systems failed in most cases due to the existing barriers and challenges. This study investigates challenges on the way of implementing KM systems in Eghtesad-e-Novin Bank. It employs Hicks model in four axes: organizational structure, information technology, human resources, and organizational culture. A researcher-made questionnaire which enjoyed Cronbach alpha reliability of 95% was used; the questionnaire was filled out by the respondents during the briefing sessions. T-test analyses revealed that the bank suffers from deficiencies in two axes of organizational structure and organizational culture. Also Freidman could provide us with the ranking of the axes in the concerned banking system, i.e. human resources, information technology, organizational structure and organizational culture. Finally, a new model was proposed to identify and rank the existing barriers on the way of implementing KM systems. The proposed model can be used in Eghtesad-e-Novin bank and similar contexts to improve the performance of the organization.

Electronic commerce, as the new era of commerce in 21st century, not only has revolutionized the traditional commerce but also changed people’s lives. However, like any other new product or service, it faces many problems to attract its own users. Users in different countries with different cultures, have different needs and demands, and they react differently when facing new products or services. Understanding the culture of electronic commerce users is a great help toward perceiving the reason why they act differently. This study is trying to understand the effect of Iranian national culture on users’ behavior while using electronic commerce. The framework of the research is based on Hofstede’s national culture model, and it is trying to investigate the relation between every variables of the model and electronic commerce users’ behavior in Iran. Research method is descriptive and analytical. The results show that uncertainty avoidance and collectivism are two important factors, which are affecting the behavior of electronic commerce users in Iran.

Nowadays the number of mobile users worldwide has reached 2 billion resulting in a continuous rise in sending commercial text massages by companies. In addition, after England Iranian people, by sending 7 million text messages a day, are in the second place. However, in our country this type of advertising has not met its own place among the other types of advertising yet. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to study the factors (especially personalization) that affect citizen’s acceptance of this advertising method. Thereby a sample included 500 citizens of Mashhad was selected randomly via using Cochran method. In addition, questionnaires were used for data collection. Logit model estimation showed that commercial text messages coordinating with citizen’s job, work or house place, daytime, season and level of income, will increase the acceptance probability of advertisement by SMS 0.066, 0.048, 0.080 and 0.046 unit respectively.

In competitive market, the preservation of an organization depends on improvement in customer satisfaction with organization's products and services. The organizations attempt to increase customer satisfaction index by creating and implementing some projects. Since the implementation of projects requires cost and time, it is necessary to know about the effectiveness of a project before doing it. In addition, because of some resource limitations such as investment it is impossible to implement all projects simultaneously. Thus, it is necessary to prioritize the projects according to their effects on customer satisfaction index. In this paper, a model is presented to measure analytically the effect of projects on customer satisfaction index. In this model, first the organization's processes is analyzed to determine the relationship between customer satisfaction criteria and the processes. Then, factors affecting each process and consequently each criterion are determined by cause and effect diagram. Finally, the relationship between the effective factors and customer satisfaction index is established by a rule based expert system. Numerical example determines the effect of project entitled “designing and implementing a mechanized reception system” on customer satisfaction index. One can estimate that based on the model presented here, this project improves customer satisfaction index by 1.77%. Implementation of this project led to a rise of 1.9% in customer satisfaction index, the model has 6.8% deviation in practice. In general, verification of model shows a deviation of 6% to 8% between the model and practical results. This control reveals that the model is consistent with reality.