فصلنامه آمایش محیط
پیاپی 12 (بهار 1390)

The purpose of this article is to use one of the statistic models to explain social and economic services ranking conditions by regard to population of all cities of Lorestan in (sharivar). Scologram Model can be used as amean for development of model analysis of Lorestan Province for social and economic services. The most important indexes of Lorestans cities have been Seen at different sectors of economy that was published by Lorestan Statistic Center. We tried to show Scologram Model bases by practical steps of research Methodology. Study shows that ranking distribution of Social – economic services are different with population level ranking in cities of Lorestan.

To be sustainable, old areas need a controlled effort which can be crystallized through a renewal and rehabilitation plan; The plan is continuous in its nature and should transform finally into a span tenuous system. The process does not take place immediately, but is complicated and it requires short- term oriented plans as well as middle and long term ones. It is necessary to identify the old parts, the whole urban system and the local system if it is to achieve ideal renewal and regeneration. Bandar abbas city faces a large numbere of physical problems as a metropolitan area in terms of its role both across the country and locally. Among the most basic problems is the decay of the whole city which has represented the worst image within an area of 1500Ha (equal to 3750 acres). The problems was worsened by socio cultural indicators, the heterogeneity of social environment as well as physical dimonsion. No concern for the problem was raised in the master plans, one of the important urban physical planning, in terms of the nature and services the description of their corresponding, and the unfavered condition. A set of pre-determined issues was advanced according the description of the services. Moreover, since the plan was not implemented on schedule, it could lead to such condition development and renewal programs on a small scale and in a particular period failed to tackle the problem. Therefore the present study seeks to explore the challenging areas and parts of the city with an emphasis on those that require more improvements in the city and suggests some solutions to regenerate and renew the 3750 acre area.

Besides the physical Facet, place has got spiritual dimension which causes symathy in homeland. Because of this sense, a sense of belongingness is fomed in the people that results in shaping spacial identity. This spiritual force is called the sense of place or geopathy. Political organization of space is a process in which a part of land that is restricted by boundary is organized for political functions. Using discriptive – analytic methed investigating library sources, and analyting some of the tensions happend as the result of political organization of space at both international scale and Iran, the perent study investigates the interaction between this process and geopathy emphasizing the role of sens of place in political organization of space. The dependent variable is political organization of space and the independent variable is place feeling. The main question of this study is weather place feeling has any effect on political organization of space. According to the hypothesis of the study, it seems that there is a close relationship between feeling and political organization of space and feeling toward a land has a key role in the process of political organization of space. The results of the study indicated that sens of place is one of the important parameters in political organization of space and there is an interaction between them Geopathy is not only the foundation of the political organization of space, but also the way of political organization of space that influences the quality of sens of place in people, and can provoke their emotions in negative or positive ways.

Today, reducing the inequalities to achieve resources and facilities, is one of the most important criteria for sustainable development and social challenge in the country. There are various definitions of development. Development generally means the improvement of people's life styles through improving of education, incomes, skills, employment, housing and security. Thus development should be viewed as a multi-dimensional process involving major changes in social structures, popular attitudes and a national condition of life from unsatisfactory to satisfactory. This research intends to analyze the level of development in Mazandaran province and increase the effectiveness of future actions, through a “quantative – analytic” method using Results of General Population and Housing Census in 1385,as well as GIS and SPSS software It is necessary to note: First: holding high levels of division by some counties does not mean they are in ideal situation. Second: the mentioned results were obtained by means of 37 special indicators. Certainly changing these indicators will lead to research findings change.

The present research with a fundamental approach aims at studying and analyzing reciprocal interactions between Marvdasht county and its surrounding villages based on an analytical descriptive method. Among the villages around Marvdasht, the three Kenareh, Fathabad and Majdabad villages have been selected as case samples of this research. Data collection method in this study is based on library and field studies including questionnaire, observation and interviewing villagers. Research results indicate that Marvdasht as a middle sized county in Fars province and a big pole in terms accumulation, opportunities, capital, market and human power in the region, has a relative priority over the region and a close, complicated and significant relationship with rural areas around it. In other words, Marvdasht has provided the ground for physical-spatial changes for its surrounding villages by providing possibitities for development and dynamism of the villages through offering infrastructural services and living-welfare facilities required by villages under its governance and purchasing villager's products. On the other hand, inhabitants of the considered villages also bring about economic dynamics and development of Marvdasht and changes and relative development of their villages despite their dependence on cities by commuting and making social-cultural intercommunication, commercial interaction and investment in urban production sections, market and housing.

In the new models of international urban management and planning, the implementation of the projects for citizen participation has gained particular significance. The nature of such a project is a collective activity based on the role of citizen participation with different models for participation of individuals, groups, organizations and private and public sectors. The term ‘downwards development, is based on public participation and the role of popular partnership (individuals, groups and organizations) in the production process including urban development is an undeniable fact. International experiences show that since the 1980s, the urban development witnessed growing attention to partnership. The present paper studies the different models partnership plans and analyses the prevailing views in popular partnership in urban planning, the theories in partnership, the features of partnership system in urban management and planning.

Urban management means governing the city affairs in order to promote sustainability and satisfaction of communities, considering and following the national policies. Achieving such a management necessitates good governance which welcomes local participation to mobilise the untapped resources of citizens for tackling the growing difficulties. While a kind of de facto neighbourhood councils has been established in Tehran Municipality in recent years to mediate with the city council, these neighbourhood councils lack the authority and needed resources to be effective and also, do not have a straight relationship with the city council as well as the municipality. Thus, on the one hand, there is a need for devolution at the neighbourhood level and on the other hand, a district level council should be established to combine neighbourhood resources, initiating integrated plans for the municipality. This study shows the mechanism and deficiencies in the existing urban management system of Tehran from this viewpoint in region number four of the municipality.

Nowadays in most cities of the country population increase, unmethodical migrations horizontal expansion of the city,not providing the city old cores with new services, and concentration of Economical and social activities in this section caused the old texture of the city to encounter some problems in terms of security, social, and economical issues, and suffer wear over time that this process causes the cities to decay from inside and turns good neighborhoods of the city to inferiorones. Ahvaz city is one of those cities which suffer from problems of worn textures. Among the city neighborhoods one can mention Ameri neighborhood which was the basic core of the city and has a long history. In this study, these issues are addressed that how is the condition of buildings and houses in terms of quality and quantity? Does the social, economical, and cultural situation of the dwellers affect the worn texture of the neighborhood? In what way the process of public participation is affective in renovation and development? The purpose of this study is indicating the worn textures in this neighborhood, determining erosion indices,place and amount of public participation in renovation and development of the neighborhood texture, analysis of SWOT model, presenting solutions for overcoming the problems derived by erosion and creating a background for next studies. The methodology used in this study is analytical survey.collection information was done by library (documents,maps,aerial photos etc.) and field (observation, questionnaire, and interview) methods and analysis of the data was done using spss and Arc GIS software. The results of this study show that in the existing texture the low guality of the buildings,building materials,narrow passageway,social disorders, low income of the dwellers and not having the ability to improve and renovate the texture caused ever-increasing problems in these textures and turning them into disturbed and destroyed places, hence seeking for solutions to resolve these problems is necessary.