مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
پیاپی 135 (هفته سوم خرداد 1390)

Nowadays, rapid increasing in the world population is the most essential impediment of socioeconomic development in the country that shows the importance of attention to reproductive controlling and family planning. Vasectomy is a simple and effective method of contraception. No-scalpel vasectomy has been done since 2001 in Isfahan province. Due to lack of information about vasectomy, this study was conducted to assess the complication, satisfaction and failure rate of vasectomy. This was a cross-sectional study. The samples were 188 men that had been done vasectomy in Ebnesina, mollahadi sabzevari, Navvab safavi and khaneh Isfahan health centers of Isfahan city in 2005. Vasectomy was done according to standard protocol by trainer doctor. In each center, samples (47 men) were selected by systematic random sampling. The questionnaires were completed by face to face or telephone interview and available data of completed forms at the time of vasectomy. Demographic characteristics and developed complication after vasectomy were asked. The questions of questionnaire were designed according to reported complication in the literature review. Data were analyzed by SPSS 15 software and descriptive statistics. The mean age of men was 37.82 ± 5.54 years. The most common reported complication was pain (6.9%). Other reported complications were: sexual dysfunction (2.1%), urinary problem (2.1%), allergic reaction to local anesthesia (1.6%), testis infection (0.5%) and renal stone (0.5%). Sleep disturbance and being repentant were reported in 2.1% and 0.5%, respectively. Vasectomy failure rate was zero and satisfaction rate was 94.7%. With attention to this point that reported complication was low and vasectomy failure rate was zero, it seems that technique of vasectomy has good quality. On the other hand, for decreasing the dissatisfaction rate due to occurring unwanted pregnancy and being repentant due to tendency to have child after vasectomy, good counseling before doing vasectomy is necessary.

Several important groups of diseases (malignant disease) of unknown cause and treatment are uncertain when the prevalence and spatial distribution maps are plotted important differences from one point to another point are observed. This article is the result of research in Isfahan province using medical information and relying on geological phenomena Geogenic open (Map distribution of plumb in the province) was done and plans to establish meaningful communication between some diseases (Case Study: Malignant Disease) and accumulation of heavy metals in the earth (case study: Plumb), compared to the spatial distribution of malignant diseases associated with the disease attempt to plumb in Isfahan province. In this study, all the statistics recorded by malignant disease in Isfahan province during 1386 to 1388 was prepared. Statistics collected for the preparation of spatial distribution maps were used with malignant disease, then map the distribution of plumb Isfahan Province, in order to adapt the frequency and plumb concentrations associated with the poll frequency of malignant disease of the Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration country was prepared and used at the end of Statistics concentration of plumb in three areas: (agricultural land, non agricultural, urban and industrial), in order to Informed concentrations of plumb to ensure the distribution of plumb in the province of Agriculture Province were made using the software GIS (geographic information system or the software that can by it, by entering a little data Places in the mapping information table Diagram paid) and enter information about diseases in the table Province Province of malignant disease spatial distribution was mapped and distribution of plumb in the province were compared. Results from the study can be stated as follows. Space with tracing the distribution of ten common malignant disease in the province, which was scattered three types of malignant diseases including: malignant skin diseases, blood diseases and malignant breast disease malignant based on the distribution of plumb in the points is an important part of this type of disease Isfahan province disabled malignant there is plumb in the points. Mapping the spatial distribution of ten common malignant disease in Isfahan province showed typical element of the relationship between lead and three types of malignant disease in Isfahan.

Since the first implant, performed by Nieder uber and colleagues in 1982, these systems have increasingly been used in the field of oncology. These devices can be implanted through either a surgical or percutaneous procedure. Venous access allows physician to deliver medicine directly into your bloodstream without repeatedly puncturing the blood vessels. Physicians also use venous access devices to supply fluids, draw blood and give blood transfusions. This study has been undertaken with an aim to study the complications due to catheter insertion in cancer patients referring to Imam Reza Hospital in Tehran, Iran from 2008-2010 to undergo chemotherapy. 100 patients suffering from cancer admitted in Imam Reza Hospital in Tehran for chemotherapy were the study cases. Our inclusion criteria were: not using any anticoagulant nor antibiotics in last one month and not suffering from thrombocytopenia. In the operation room patients were anaesthetized and catheterized using subclavian vein. Soon after catheterization patients were under vigilance for any complication. Out of 100 patients suffering from cancer admitted in Imam Reza Hospital in Tehran for chemotherapy 57 were men and 43 were women. Their age ranged from 14 to 80 years with mean age of 42 ± 9.8 years. Malfunctioning of the access device was the commonest complication in our study. It was noticed in 15% of cases followed by bleeding (3%) and infection (2%). Malpositioning of the catheter tip and ambolization of catheter were noticed in 1% of cases. We did not notice any other complication. Physician performing the implant should be fully versed in the puncture technique and in our study an experienced surgeon with proper care provided by the hospital staff in ICU led to lesser complications and even absence of certain complications like pneumothorax and hemothorax which are usually following the subclavian catheterization. Most complications are minor and usually go away in a few days and patients achieve safe and less painful vascular access, facilitate treatment of many medical disorders, and improve patients’ quality of life by giving them unrestricted mobility and freedom in their activities.

Cardiovascular disease is one of the important worldwide chronic diseases. Education program through different copying styles is one of the major needs of cardiovascular patients. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a self-care education program on coping with problem in cardiovascuar patients after heart surgery. This study was a clinical-trial in which 110 cardiovascular patients were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomly divided into case and control groups with 55 patients in each group. The case group received the educational interventio, however the control group did not receive any educational intervention. Data were collected through a three part questionnaire including demographic specifications, self-care as well as standard Jalowiec questionnaire that were filled out for both group before and after two month after education program. Collected data was analyzed through descriptive and analytical statistics. χ2, Fisher test, Student–t test and Paired–t test were used to analyze the data. We used Excel and SPSS software. This study showed significant difference between two group after intervention in terms of applying problem-coping style (P < 0.000) and emotional-coping style (P < 0.001). Problem-coping style was increased significantly in case group where as emotional-coping style was decreased in this group. This changes were not seen in control group. This study showed that self-care education could improve coping with the problem among cardiovascular patients after surgery.

World’s statistics show the fast growth of prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in all over the world. A great deal of studies relevant to the all effective factors of HIV/AIDS (Acquired immune deficiency syndrome), some parts of them related to nutrition. Disability to eat and digest foods and to absorb nutrients from food is one of the results of weakness and wasting of all HIV infected patients. This kind of weakness affects to intensification of signs of disease and increase risk of opportunistic infections. Nutritional and metabolic factors significantly affect morbidity and mortality of HIV/AIDS patients. The progression of disease in human body is causing to stimulate the immune system and increase the oxidative stress and also decrease the antioxidants level of plasma. Consequently using diversity diet or antioxidant supplementation as an effective and no expensive treatment is useful along the other clinical treatments to improve immune system and welfare the patient’s status. In this review article we try to examine studies which are related to the effect of antioxidants on the immune system and finally the effects of them on progression of disease in HIV infected patients.