نشریه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی
پیاپی 29 (پاییز 1388)

Resource-based cities, especially those which are oil-based, follow unsustainable model in development process because of urban economic dependence. This issue can direct them toward the social and economic challenges. The purpose of this paper is the evaluation of Dogonbadan’s urban development model. The paper has used strategic approach based on economic aspects and its indicator for assessing. The research methodology was descriptive and analytic using the survey methods, SWOT analysis and interview. The results show that Dogonbadan urban development has faced different strategic factors. Finally, preferences by SWOT analysis outlined the weakness points and that the threats are stronger than opportunities.

Morris believes that the townscape of the Islamic cities is affected by two sets of early and late factors. The early factors relate to heritage of Arabia and the Ancient Mesopotamia, and the late factors concern with the answers to the requirements of Islam. Being included in both factors, the roads and passageways have been affected by and also effective on the townscape. This paper intends to study the factors that were effective on the formation of city roads during Ghajar Dynasty, surveying the bilateral effects of them on the formation of urban structural system. To achieve the mentioned goal, the study attempts to analyze structural features of Tabriz in the Ghajar period, highlighting the impact of roads and passageways on the quality of the space-communication of city.The study shows that Tabriz city inherited the changes of periods before the overall body of the city during the Ghajar Dynasty. The two major roads, namely the Silk Road and the road from Baghdad to Rey, were among significant factors in the formation and development of some major structures such as Bazaar, and governmental complex and developing of residential districts, and consequently the expansion of inter-city road frameworks. All these changes along with the improvements in Ghajar Dynasty caused a closely-woven, practical and cohesive framework of roads to be made. Being located in a hierarchy and attracting architectural and urban factors in the best way, the framework of roads addressed the requirements of city communication.

Access to various factors such as natural, economic, social and political elements create or deteriorate regional inequalities considering harmonious regional development, reducing regional and sectional heterogeousness and inequalities. Regional policies and planning for the purposes that change according to the structural features, the amenities and limitations of a region involve studying and recognition of the features of each region based on the location of that region in the whole regional system. In this research, different provinces in the country have been studied and compared based on economic, cultural, sanitation and curative, service, welfare and physical urban planning factors. They are ranked according to diffetrent indexes. The process of the analysis of the statistical data is based on factor and cluster analyses. Results show that according to the development level and based on the indexes mentioned above, Tehran is the first in ranking and Khorasan-razavi, Esfahan, Fars, Eastern Azerbaijan, Khuzestan, Kerman and Guilan occupy the next positions. West Azerbaijan, Yazd, Markazi, Hamedan and Kerman shah are fairly low in the ranking and other provinces are very low. After we determined the development level of each region, one can conclude that the facilities and amenities in the level and very low level provinces should be improved. Therefore, knowledge of development these provinces help us know the strong and weak points and also the potentials and shortages of these provinces and this finally leads to a successful regional planning.

Informal sector has been a common global and challenging debate within the third world cities in recent decades. The present study was conducted with the aim of recognizing the socio-economic characteristics of the population engaged in informal sector in Sabzeh Meydan of Tabriz. Results obtained from the study show that the subject has various dimensions and due to attraction of a large number of people to the economic activities of Tabriz city, which support the occupants, is of great importance. Findings of the present study which was accomplished through descriptive- analytical method using documentary and field studies by completing questionnaire as follows: 1) Most of the employees in informal sector, prior to attraction to this sector came form rural areas. 2) The average level of education for the occupants in this sector is elementary. 3) Most of the employees in this sector are living in squatter settlements. 4) Major problems related to informal sector occupants, are lack of sufficient capital, fixed location and social facilities. 5) Most of the people in this sector are in (25-45) year old range. 6) There is a relationship between employment record in informal sector and people's satisfaction. 7) There is no correlation between housing ownership and income of the people.

Recently, urban populations in developing countries grows more than developed countries and our planet has converted to an urban planet. It is expected that rural population gradually convert to small populations. There are 3 common elements in urban population growth in developing countries as follows: "incompatible urban population growth with agricultural production level and mechanization", "urban population growth as a result of bad economic conditions", and finally "inappropriate distribution of urban network". Under these conditions usually a metropolitan size may be bigger than a second city. Iran like other developing countries has a centralization problem in population and activities in some places.Azerbaijan including East and West Azerbaijan and Ardebil Provinces, is a homogeneous region in terms of economic, social, and cultural aspects, but faces with serious problems due to intense migration from rural areas, weakness of infrastructure distribution, and so on. In present article we survey different dimensions of these problems.

A thorough knowledge of the geomorphologic factors is one of the main prerequisites of controlling floods and their damage reduction. In this study, to find the best model for peak discharge estimation with return period in northern slopes of central Alborz we estimated quantitative geomorphic characteristic of this basin. For this purpose, using data of regional hydrometric stations, peak discharge data of floods were extracted and their return period was estimated using Smada software. In the next stage, quantitative geomorphic characteristics such as area, perimeter, length of main channel, mean slope of basin and elevation were calculated using GIS. Then using multiple regression method, the relation between peaks of discharge data with basin characteristic was analyzed through SPSS software. Our analysis shows that among various independent factors, area, length of basin and all have significant effect and should be considered in a realistic model.

Environmental factors of each area have important role in establishment and improvement of human settlement and houses and also the manner of their formation. Therefore conformity of the structure of houses are under the influences of these factors.In this article, structural elements of rural houses which are under the influences of environmental factors are selected and analyzed.The aim of this article is to examine the role of environmental factors on formation of physical structure of rural houses, assigning the rate of correlation, of these factors with each other and finally the evaluation of their role in desirability role of physical structures of rural houses.Statistical society consists of residential units of 15 villages of East-Azerbaijan Province with different topographies. For examination of relations between variables and analyzing the connection between environmental factors and the characteristics of physical structure, we used the Pearson correlation matrix.