فهرست مطالب

Dental Research Journal
Volume:8 Issue: 4, Jul 2011

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1390/08/17
  • تعداد عناوین: 12
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  • Vajihesadat Mortazavi Page 161
    It is an unfortunate event in the world of dental sciences, as dentistry has now lost one of its most eminent and respected icons. Professor Seyyed Behrouz Mousavi passed away on 23 June 2011 following a sudden episode of cerebrovascular accident. Respected Dr. Mousavi was a Professor of Endodontics, and the Chairman of the Torabinejad Dental Research Center at the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, of which he was one of the main founders. He also held the license to the fi rst English dental journal in Iran, the Dental Research Journal (DRJ). He reigned as the dean of Isfahan Dental School from 1988 to 1997. It was under his exemplary guidance, that the Isfahan School of Dentistry grew into one of the most respected sites for dental training in Iran. Professor Mousavi became the chairman of the Isfahan School of Dentistry Endodontic Department during the period of 1985-1988, and held the position of the president of the Iranian board of Endodontics from 1988. He has been honored by numerous national and international organizations for his contribution to Endodontic education and research. Another feather in his cap was being the head of the Isfahan Dental School Technical Committee on Stem Cell Research. Those of us who were fortunate to meet him came away greatly impressed with his genuine and humble nature. A man of his stature and importance and having his down to earth mannerisms, is indeed a rare combination to see! Professor S. Behrouz Mousavi has trained, mentored and befriended many Endodontists and researchers worldwide. He has added to the scope, knowledge and image of research more than one can imagine, gifting us with invaluable contributions and novel methods in his fi eld. He endeared himself to us all, and his presence will be greatly missed in every forward step that we take.
  • Francesco Sortino, Marco CicciÙ Page 162
    Postoperative swelling following different surgical strategies is an area of great interest. The main part of literature on the topic deals with swelling after extraction of low impacted third molar. In this review, we have analyzed publications of the last 20 years with a pubmed search using the following key words: impacted third molar, swelling third molar, wisdom tooth, edema jaw, corticosteroids and extraction third molar, antibiotic prophylaxis and tooth extraction. Attention has often been focused on corticosteroid therapy administered by diverse routes (orally, IV, IM, topically) and at different time schedules (before or after surgery or both). This investigation revealed how the use of different molecules and dosages makes the obtained results hardly comparable. Similar conclusions can be drawn from studies aimed at evaluating the effi cacy of antibiotic therapy administered either before or after surgery. A complete review has also to take into account different surgical strategies used including various fl aps, no traumatic osteothomy, and primary or secondary closure. The use of pharmacological therapy and application of an ice pack is critical in the postoperative period and has always provided positive results. However, even if it is diffi cult to come to defi nite conclusions, due to the variability of the design of studies analyzed, the postoperative discomfort identifi ed with edema, pain and trismus following wisdom tooth removal is infl uenced by various factors such as the diffi culty of the surgical procedure involved, age and gender of the patient, and experience of the surgeon. The pharmacological therapy when performed with corticosteroids seems to improve control of the postoperative swelling related with this kind of surgeries.
  • Fellani Danasra Dewi, Grita Sudjana, Yevis Marty Oesman Page 172
    Background
    Transformation of health care is underway from sellers’ market to consumers’ market, where the satisfaction of the patients’ need is a primary concern while defi ning the service quality. Hence, commitment to provide a high-quality service and achieving patients’ satisfaction becomes an important issue for dental health care provider. The aim of this research is to investigate the quality of dental health care service based on empathy and responsiveness aspects.
    Methods
    A to tal of 90 questionnaires were completed by the dental patients who came to dental polyclinic located in Government Hospital, West Java, Indonesia. The questionnaire was concerned on two dimensions of service quality model, i.e. empathy and responsiveness. The obtained data were analyzed using inferential statistics (t test) and also descriptive statistics with importance performance analysis.
    Results
    All the attributes tested by t test showed that perception and expectation differed signifi cantly, except for responsiveness, i.e. ability of dental assistants in assisting the dentist (t test 0.505Conclusion
    It can be inferred from IPA that priority should be given to dentist’s communication and dental assistant’s knowledge toward patient’s needs to enhance the service quality.
  • Nader Navabi, Moein Aramon, Ali Mirzazadeh Page 178
    Background
    There is a great deal of studies on the relationship between the existence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in oral cavity (dental plaque) and in stomach of patients, with confl icting results worldwide. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the existing litreature to assess if the dental plaque could be a source of gastric H. pylori infection and to explore the source of heterogeneity around it.
    Methods
    We searched all the papers published since 2000 on international (Medline, ISI, Embase) databases using standard keywords. Two researchers evaluated the articles with standard critical appraisal form independently and those articles with the quality acquired greater than 70% were included in the study. The combined results were calculated with weighted average and the source of hetrogeneity was tested by meta-regression (random) model.
    Results
    Finally, 23 studies were included (1861 patients). The prevalence of co-infection of gastric and dental plaque H. pylori was 49.7% (95% CI 16–83.4%) and the percent of agreement between the dental plaque H. pylori status and the gastric H. pylori was estimated as 82%. Only one study has reported that dental treatment has a preventive effect on the recurrence of gastric H. pylori infection.
    Conclusion
    Co-infection of gastric H. pylori and dental plaque is reported by half of the studies. However, there is not enough evidence for the effi cacy of dental treatment on prevention of recurrent gastric H. pylori infection.
  • Behnam Khosravanifard, Reyhaneh Yazdani, Hamid Rakhshan, Vahid Rakhshan Page 183
    Background
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) to phosphoric acid etchant on shear bond strength (SBS) and adhesive remnant index (ARI) of orthodontic brackets bonded to etched teeth.
    Methods
    In this in vitro experimental study, 40 human premolars were etched with 37% phosphoric acid solution (Dentsply) blended with 0, 25%, 50%, and 75% fractions of 1.23% APF (Dentsply). The brackets (Mini Dyna Lock, 3M) were bonded (Transbond XT, 3M) and were subjected to 96 hours of 37°C incubation and thermocycling procedures (2000 cycles, 5–55°C, dwell time = 30 s). Then, they were debonded at 1-mm crosshead speed to measure the SBS. The ARI was estimated at 10× magnifi cation. The data were analyzed using the tests one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey, chi-square, one-sample t-test, and Spearman correlation.
    Results
    The SBS of the groups control, 25%, 50%, and 75% APF were 11.90±2.72, 8.01±3.13, 5.40±2.51, and 3.27±2.01 MPa, respectively. Mean ARI scores of these groups were 2.4 (control), 4.3, 4.7, and 4.8, respectively. According to the Tukey’s test, only the mean SBS of the second group (25%) was not different from the control group (P=0.091).
    Conclusion
    Adding about 20–25% of 1.23% APF to the phosphoric acid etchant might considerably reduce the amount of residual adhesive, without compromising the SBS.
  • Mamata Hebbal, Anil V. Ankola, Deepti Vadavi Vadavi, Kunal Patel Page 189
    Background
    Health education is a process of transmission of knowledge and skills necessary for improvement in quality of life. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the oral hygiene related knowledge and plaque scores of 12 year-old school children in Belgaum city before and after health education.
    Methods
    Three schools of Belgaum city were randomly selected and assigned into one of three health educational groups – group I (audiovisual aids), group II (chalk and blackboard) and group III (no health education). Oral health related knowledge and plaque scores were assessed in all the groups before and after health education.
    Results
    The mean knowledge score before intervention in group I was 7.94, in group II was 7.86 and in group III was 7.74 (P=0.86). After intervention, the mean knowledge score was 14.42 in group I, 12.7 in group II and 9.58 in group III (P<0.001). Plaque scores in the three groups were similar and statistically nonsignifi cant at baseline. After the oral health education, the mean plaque scores were 0.627 in group I, 0.8826 in group II and 1.0156 in group III. Within the group comparisons revealed a statistically improved oral hygiene with decreased plaque scores in all the three groups.
    Conclusion
    Health education by audiovisual aids could be an effective preventive measure against plaque-related oral diseases.
  • Ali Reza Farhad, Seyed Mohammad Razavi, Parnian Alavi Nejad Page 197
    Background
    Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the many chemical mediators involved in infl ammatory processes. In addition to periapical infl ammation, NO can have a role in periapical healing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of aminoguanidine (AG) as a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) on the degree of healing response of periapical lesions of the canine teeth of cats.
    Methods
    In this interventional experimental study, the root canals of 48 cat canine teeth were infected with cat dental plaque and sealed. After induction of periapical lesions, root canal therapy (RCT) was performed. On the day of RCT phase, the cats were administered either AG (experimental group) or normal saline (control group), which was continued on a daily basis until the day of sacrifi ce. Four canine teeth in one cat served as negative and positive controls. The animals were sacrifi ced 6 weeks after RCT. The healing response of the periapical zones was analyzed histologically. The mean scores of healing for the two groups were compared using Mann–Whitney U test.
    Results
    The mean scores of healing for the AG group (2.45±0.508) were signifi cantly higher than those of the control group (2±0.510) (P<0.05).
    Conclusion
    The use of an iNOS selective inhibitor such as AG can accelerate the healing process in periapical lesions.
  • Zahra Dalili, Porousha Mahjoub, Ali Khalighi Sigaroudi Page 203
    Background
    Preoperative radiographic evaluation of impacted third molars is essential to determine the proximity to the mandibular canal to minimize the risk of nerve injury. Our study aim was to evaluate the relationship between the mandibular canal and impacted mandibular third molars using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to compare fi ndings therein with panoramic radiographic signs.
    Methods
    CBCT images were taken from 29 patients having 43 Class C impacted mandibular third molars whose panoramic radiographs showed a close relationship between the mandibular canal and mandibular third molars. We evaluated their tomographs to determine the course of the canal, its proximity to the root, any narrowing of the canal, the presence of root grooving or hooks and the proximity of the root to the cortex. A Chi-square test was used for data analysis.
    Results
    The lingual course of the canal was the most frequently detected course in all panoramic findings. Contact of the tooth with the canal was observed in all cases in which panoramic signs of deviation of the canal and darkening of the roots were found. The frequency of observing the narrowing of the canal in CBCT as compared to seeing the presence or the absence of canal narrowing in panoramic radiographs was signifi cantly different (P=0.01).
    Conclusion
    CBCT provides more precise diagnostic information to determine the relationship of impacted third molars to the canal. Deviation of the canal and darkening of the roots in panoramic view can be highly valuable to predict the risk of nerve injury.
  • G. P. Singh, Iram Rizvi, Vivek Gupta, Vivek K. Bains Page 211
    Background
    Limited studies have been published so far, which revealed the association of different types of smokeless tobacco on various periodontal health indicators, including mobility and furcation, on North Indian population. The present study has been undertaken to evaluate the effects of commonly used smokeless tobacco forms on periodontal health in Lucknow, North India.
    Methods
    This cross-sectional study investigated the effect of commonly used smokeless tobacco on periodontal health in local population of Lucknow, for which 2045 individuals were evaluated. Amongst them, 1069 individuals were found to be using some kind of tobacco; amongst the tobacco users, n=122 were smokers, n=657 were only using only smokeless tobacco and n=290 were using both smokeless tobacco as well as tobacco in smoking form. After completing the questionnaire, all the participants underwent clinical examination for the various clinical parameters.
    Results
    The impact of smokeless form of tobacco use was signifi cantly higher on all the periodontal health indicators, viz., plaque index, gingival index, calculus, clinical attachment loss, gingival recession, mobility, furcation, lesion, and probing pocket depth. Both duration and frequency of smokeless tobacco use signifi cantly affected the periodontal health.
    Conclusion
    The periodontal health of the general population in the region required immediate attention as majority of subjects irrespective of their habit status had onset of clinical attachment loss and gingival recession, more so amongst the smokeless tobacco users than smoking form of tobacco as well as than from non-tobacco users.
  • Alireza Eshghi, Raha Kowsari Esfahan, Maryam Khoroushi Page 221
    Restoration of severely decayed primary anterior teeth is often considered as a special challenge by pedodontists. This case report presents a 5-year-old boy with severely damaged maxillary right canine. Subsequent to root canal treatment, a reversed (upside-down) metal post was put into the canal and composite build-up was performed. This new method offers a simple, practical and effective procedure for reconstruction of severely decayed primary anterior teeth, which re-establishes function and esthetics for time the tooth should be present and functional in the child’s mouth.
  • Gaganjot Kaur Sharma, Manish Sharma, Srinivas S. Vanaki Page 226
    Adenomatoid hyperplasia (AH) is an uncommon, non-neoplastic swelling on the palate caused due to hyperplasia of the mucinous acini. The lesion clinically presents as a sessile tumor-like nodule resembling pleomorphic adenoma. Histopathologic fi ndings include lobules of enlarged mucinous acini which are fi lled with secretory granules. The nuclei are squeezed to the basal portions, associated with focal infl ammation and ductal dilatation, and a history of trauma is often elicited. Here, we report a rare case of AH of the lower lip in a 20-year-old male patient, which mimics a mucous retention cyst or mucocele.
  • Prasanna Kumar Rao, Rohan Mascarenhas, Shishir Ram Shetty Page 229
    Talon cusp, also known as an eagle's talon, is a dental anomaly that occurs on the lingual aspect of teeth commonly, but occurrence on the facial aspect has rarely been reported. It is an extra cusp on an anterior tooth, which arises as a result of evagination on the surface of a crown before calcifi cation has occurred. The incidence of talon cusp on lingual side is less than 6% and is even lesser on the facial aspect. Commonly involved teeth are maxillary incisors, usually unilateral but in some instances bilateral. The classical radiographical feature of talon cusp is double teeth appearance. The anomaly has been reported to be unusual in the mandibular dentition and extremely rare on the facial aspect. We report one such extremely rare case of facial talon cusp in mandibular central incisor.