International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research
Volume:5 Issue: 2, Apr 2011

Cardiac complications, including heart failure, are the most important secondary ones of the thalassemia major disease, which manifests itself in adolescence and early adulthood. Appropriate, low cost diagnostic tools available as well as knowing its related factors are the most important components of therapy in these patients, given the importance of these complications, or by examining and revealing early symptoms. Thus, in this study, we intend to examine the systolic and diastolic ventricular effects in adult patients with the help of Tei index. 70 adult patients with thalassemia major were examined in this study. Frequency of Tei index and its association with factors such as age, sex, level of packed cell injection, as well as hemosiderosis were measured in two blood levels of more than 1000 ferretins. In this study, 70 youth adult patients with thalassemia major with an average age of 21.3± 2.8 years were studied, 31 were male (44.4%). Tei index were abnormal in 16 patients (24%). There is no statistically significant correlation between the Tei index and one of the variables of age, gender, number and duration of blood transfusion and deferoxamine, the hemoglobin level and the number of ferretins (P>0.05). Study on Tei index shows that many patients are subclinically involved in the disease before the onset of clinical symptoms of heart failure, the subject which raises the need for early diagnosis of the disease; and it seems that none of the demographic factors or factors related to disease cannot be considered as a main cause or warning of the disease; and the above results can be confirmed only on the basis of paraclinical tests.

Normal homeostasis system has several inhibitor mechanisms in front of the amplifier’s natural clotting enzyme to prevent fibrin clots in the vessels. The main inhibitors of coagulation pathway are antithrombin (AT), protein C and protein S. Patients with hereditary deficiency of coagulation inhibitors are susceptible to venous thromboembolism (VTE). One of the major clinical manifestations of VTE is deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The present study has investigated the frequency of protein C and S deficiency among DVT patients that by using of these results and results from our previous study; we determined the most important hereditary risk factors for DVT in the Kermanshah Province of Iran with the Kurdish ethnic background. We studied 150 patients from the Kermanshah Province of Iran with Kurdish ethnic background. Patients with hereditary risk factors were excluded from the study. Estimation of protein C and protein S were performed using kits from STAGO, France (Diagnostica Stago). After excluding patients with confounding factors, 50 patients were remained. We found 14 patients (28%) with protein C deficiency and 10 patients (20%) with protein S deficiency. Also, 2 patients (4%) had both protein C and S deficiency. Comparing the results of this study with our previous study on DVT patients indicates that among inherited risk factors for DVT in our population the deficiency of protein C, S and FVL mutation are the most prevalent factors. Our results show that our population has different pattern for hereditary risk factors compared with other Asian pattern for DVT patients.

Messenger RNAs may be targeted by short 19-27 nt RNAs generally called Small none-coding RNAs (snRNAs), the role of miRNAs among other snRNAs has been more studied and is well known. Many researches show that all compartments of RISC, Proteins and miRNAs take part in this wide range of regulatory impacts. Ago protein homologs plus miRNAs and target mRNAs form a silencing complex in P-bodies which lead to either cleavage, conservation or surprisingly amplification of target mRNA or gene product. This article reviews conceptions which contribute directly or implicate this important post transcriptional mechanism’s function to differentiation or fate of pluripotent cells.

The best and effective iron chelation remain one of the major strategy in clinical management of thalassemia major patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of combined therapy with Desferrioxamine and Deferiprone in patients with thalassemia major that undergoing in regular administration of adequate desferrioxamine (5-6 days/week).Patients and This study was performed in two groups: one group with combination therapy, that had received oral deferiprone 70 mg/kg /day for 6 days and two days desferrioxamine 40 mg/kg with subcutaneous injection. Other group treated with only desferrioxamine with doses of 40 mg/kg 5- 6 day/week resemble to one year ago. (In past year both groups had regular & adequate administration and consumption of desferrioxamine with doses of 40 mg/kg 5-6 day/week).Thirty six patients were entered in this study. The efficacy of combined therapy was evaluated in 19 patients that treated with Desferrioxamine and deferiprone and 17 patients that treated with Desferal alone for at least 12 month. In both group the patients were received Desferal in Regular program in one year ago until to start of this study. Age of the patients was over 10 years old. Deferiprone administered orally 70 mg/kg/day in three divided dose and desferrioxamine 40 mg/kg/day by subcutaneus infusion overnight for 8-12 hr twice weekly. Serum ferritin concentrations were measured at base, 6 and 12 month. Full blood count were performed every 15 day for 2 first months and then monthly. The evaluation of cardiac function was performed in regular manner (every 6 months) and all of patients had normal cardiac function. The mean decreased of ferritin level was 493 μg/L in combination therapy and mean increased in ferritin level was 637.6 μg/L in desferrioxamine group.Statistical analysis was performed with using T-test, and Paired T-test. There were significant differences between the two groups (p-value= 0.0001).The most common side effects in combined therapy group were dyspepsia and nausea in 6 patients (18.1%), especially in the first month of treatment. Joint pain and stiffness were observed in 4 cases (13.6%). Significant neutropenia and agranulocytosis were not observed.The serum ferritin level was increased in 64.7 % of patients that treated with desferrioxamine alone. The results of this study confirmed that the thalassemia major patients with iron overloaded whom received desferrioxamine as a regular manner (at least 40 mg/kg for 5 days /week) can be safety treated with a combination of deferiprone and desferrioxamine. This combination therapy was effective in reducing iron burden, as assessed by serum ferritin level.

Recently, the incidence of fungal infections dramatically increased with an appearance of many novel species due to different criteria. Therefore, several molecular methods have been established for identification of these agents which cause human and animal disorder based on genomic DNA. Among these methods, RAPD-PCR technique is a powerful discriminative method based on amplifies target genomic DNA sequence by short random primers (arbitrary short primers) with low annealing temperature (36˚C) for discrimination and identification in the species level. All clinical strains were originated oropharyngeal lesions of cancer patients from four Mazandaran University Hospitals in Iran. These strains were previously identified by phenotypic methods such as colony on CHROM-agar Candida medium, germ-tube formation in horse serum and chlamydospore formation. In this study RAPD-PCR technique was used to amplify hyper variable inter-repeat DNA sequences using oligonucleotide primers specific microsatellite (GACA) 4 for identifying, clustering and take into account the genetic correlation of 30 clinical isolates. The results in this study showed that the RAPD-PCR by using of arbitrary short primer was able to amplify hyper variable inter repeated DNA sequences with classifying the isolates. RAPD patterns showed genetically inter speciation relationship in the best possible way and PCR-fingerprinting with primer (GACA) 4, was able to discriminate both C. albicans with other Candida species based on size and number of bands. We concluded that, regarding to the previous studies which have been reported misidentification by conventional mycological method for identifying Candida species, RAPD-DNA method is able to discriminate Candida species by using of a single primer. However, determination of differences and accurate assessment of genetic distances in the RAPD technique was generally limited.

Recent studies have shown the trends in children cancer types, its frequencies, and mortality in some areas of the world. The aim of this study was to analyze the pattern of childhood cancer in a university affiliated hospital for the first time in Sari in a period of 10 years (2001-2010) and to compare the results with similar reports. This descriptive retrospective study includes all the consecutive pathologically or cytologically proved childhood cancer cases diagnosed in Avicenna Hospital from 2001 to 2010. Malignancies were grouped according to the third international classification of childhood cancer. The frequencies of each type of cancer cases were determined by three age groups (0-4, 5-9, 10-14 years) and gender. The patients’ job and home residency were noted. We found 148 cases of cancer among 0-14 year old children with the boy/girl ratio of 1.24. The highest frequency was seen in 5-9 year age group. The most frequent childhood cancers were leukemias (30.5%) followed by lymphomas (16.4%), carcinomas and melanoma (14.5%), and soft tissue sarcomas (9.5%). Fifty four percent of the patients were urban. A gradual increase in the number of new diagnosed cases was observed per year. The two most common childhood cancers diagnosed during this study were leukemias and lymphomas consistent with reported series from other Asian countries and similar to that of Latin America. The third most common one was distinct with respect to the apparently higher frequency of carcinomas.

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) such as polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, primary myelofibrosis and chronic myeloid leukemia have too similar and accurate way to differentiate their is study of genetic disorders in these patients. Philadelphia chromosome is a sure way to definitively diagnose CML. Recently, JAK2V617F mutation introduced as a diagnostic marker for other Myeloproliferative neoplasms. Many studies show that the absence of the JAK2 mutation in chronic phase Philadelphia positive CML. In contrast with these reports, more recently, several cases with the coexistence of Philadelphia positive chromosome and JAK2V617F mutation in blood and bone marrow samples were reported. Here, we report a patient that have the Philadelphia chromosome disorder and JAK2V617F mutation in same time.

Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is an ocular disease which fluid is collected under retina and leads to retinal detachment and blurred vision. Risk factors for development of central serous chorioretinopathy are included: alcohol use, uncontrolled hypertension, pregnancy, type A personality and different ways of corticosteroid use. We want to present central serous chorioretinopathy in a case of B-cell type Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) after taking 6th course of CHOP regimen which was presented with left- sided blurred vision.