مجله مطالعات روانشناسی تربیتی
پیاپی 12 (پاییز و زمستان 1389)

This research investigated relationship between demographic characteristics and substance use among Iranian state universities. The sample consisted of 8352 students who were randomly selected according to their sex, faculty, and residence factors. Substance Use Prevalence Scale was used for gathering the data. Psychometric properties of the study instrument were reported suitable. The results showed that the ratios of substance abuse between male and female students are significantly different. For male students the ratios for all kinds of substances were higher than that of female students. The ratio of alcoholic drinks and opioid abuse were higher in older students. Moreover, the results showed that the dormitory residents were the most users of opioid and outside campus residents settled in student houses were the most users of alcoholic drinks. Therefore, it seems that there are close relations among variables like to sex, age, marital status, and residence. Putting these variables into consideration could be helpful in planning for preventing substance use.

The present research investigated the efficiency of Davis Dyslexia Correction Method on adult dyslexic's reading skills. This quasi-experimental study, conducted in Tehran, examined 16 adult dyslexics (17-40 years of age) selected randomly through multi-stage sampling. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-R) and informal reading inventory were administered as preliminary diagnostic tests. Then Davis dyslexia correction method (orientation counseling and symbol mastery) was conducted on the clients individually for 30 sessions (each session 90 minutes). Post-tests were conducted upon completion of program (treatment). The results of T-test analysis showed that the intervention program significantly increased reading proficiency and comprehension in adult dyslexics substantially.]

The present study was conducted to examine the relationships between attributional style (positive and negative), depression and school performance of female primary school students, in Ahwaz. The population of this study included all of the fifth-grade female primary school studentsin Ahwaz. The sample of this study consisted of 400 students selected randomly, according to multi-stage sampling method. The scales used in this study were Children’s Attributional Style Questionnaire and Children Depression Inventory. Simple and multiple correlation analysis were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the attribution of negative events to stable, global and internal factors predicted depression in these children. Also the attribution of positive events to external, unstable and specific factors predicted depression. Finally, the results showed that the attribution of negative events to unstable and specific subscales related with high school performance, but the attribution of positive events to stable and global factors associated with high school performance.

The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship and predictability of mental health through cognitive emotion regulation strategies, emotional creativity and academic performance. Sample included 361 individual (191 girls and 170 boys) had been chosen through random stratified sampling method from Urmia university students and assessed by cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies Questionnaire, Emotional Creativity Inventory and Mental Health Check List. Data was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis.Findings showed that there are significant negative relationship between mental healths with dysfunctional cognitive emotion regulation strategies; self-blame and Catastrophizing and other-blame. But were not existed meaningful relation between emotional creativity and mental health. There was also significant positive relationship between academic performance and mental health. Of all research Variables, self-blame and Catastrophizing, other–blame and academic performance were able to predict 26 percent of the Variance of mental health. The results of the current study indicate that mental healths have negative relationship with dysfunctional emotion regulation and positive relation with higher academic performance and there is not relation with emotional creativity.

The present study was carried out to compare Fear of negative, positive evaluation and Perfectionism in social anxiety. A total of 864 students of universities in Mahalat city were selected by random cluster method and evaluated using Social Phobia Inventory (SPI) (Conor,2000) and Negative and Positive perfectionism Scale (Terry-Short, 1995), Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (Lury, 1983).a cording to scores of Social Phobia Inventory, students were divided in two group (including 31 students with social anxiety and 31 students without social anxiety considered as control group). Univariate analysis of variance(ANOVA) were used for group comparisons, Associations between Fear of Negative Evaluation, negative and positive perfectionism and Multiple Regression analysis was performed to determine predictors of social anxiety. In general, Results showed that there are significant differences between social anxious students and normal group in fear of negative evaluation, negative and positive perfectionism. Students with social anxiety reported more fear of negative evaluation, negative perfectionism and less positive perfectionism. Finally this study revealed positive perfectionism is main predictor of social anxiety.

The aim of present paper was to study the relationship of introversion - extroversion and locus of control with academic achievement in girl students. In this regards, from statistical population (female students in guidance school in Islamabadgharb) 280 students were selected with Random Multi Stage Cluster Sampling Method. Instruments were Aysenk Adolescence Personality Questionnaire, Rutter Locus of Control Scale and first semester's average of students. The data analyzed with Pearson Correlation Simple Linear Regression and independent sample T- test. Result showed that there is a significant relationship between locus of control and school achievement, but there is no significant relationship between introversion – extroversion and school achievement. Moreover, results indicated that there is no significant difference between introverted and extroverted students in the locus of control.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relation between parent's personality characteristics and their acceptance – rejection.70 elementary school students (40 girls and 3 boys) and their parents evaluated by (NEO-FFI), and Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire (PRAQ).Findings showed that among female students, 2 factors of mothers’ personality (openness to experience and conscientiousness) were correlated to maternal acceptance and rejection and 3 factors of fathers’ personality (neuroticism, conscientiousness, and extraversion) were correlated to paternal acceptance-rejection. Results also revealed that among male students, one factor of mothers’ personality (extraversion) was correlated to maternal acceptance–rejection and four factors of fathers’ personality (openness to experience, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and agreeableness) were correlated to paternal acceptance-rejection. In general, the results of this study revealed that parents with conscientiousness, openness to experience, agreeableness, and extraversion personality characteristics were acceptive parents and parents with neuroticism personality characteristics were rejective parents.