نشریه زیست شناسی کاربردی
سال بیست و سوم شماره 1 (بهار و تابستان 1389)

In this research biometrical characteristics of Artemia urmiana, Artemia sinica and parthenogenetic Artemia were studied under laboratory conditions (salinity: 70 ppt, temp.: 24±2°C and DO: 4±0.5 ppm). For this purpose, two gram cysts from each population were hatched and 400 newly hatched nauplii (in 4 replicates) transferred to 1.5 liter cylindro-conical containers containing 70 ppt brine water. Artemia were fed on unicellular algae, Dunaliella tertiolecta and coated yeast, Lansy PZ until adulthood. 32 pairs of adult bisexual Artemia and 32 adult parthenogenetic females from either population were randomly selected and biometric and meristic characters such as total length, length of furca, number of setae on furca and uterus length and width (in females) were recorded. Biometric and meristic characters measured with projection Stereomicroscope. Data were analysed using SPSS (ANOVA and Duncan tests). Results of this research showed that total length and abdomen length in A. urmiana was significantly longer compared to other populations (p<0.05). Length of furca and number of setae on both furca were significantly lower in A. urmiana compared to other species, while no significant differences were observed between A. sinica and parthenogenetic Artemia.

In order to determine of Helicobacter pylori antibiotic resistance diagnosis and susceptibility profile directs the applicability of recommended treatment regimens in our setting. 100 dyspeptic adult patients undergoing endoscopy from a specific gastroenterology clinic in Rasht city. Multiple gastric biopsy and specimens were submitted for gram stain, culture, antimicrobial sensitivity testing, rapid urease test and histology. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by MIC method against metronidazole, clarithromycin, amoxicillin, and tetracycline. Forty percent (40%) of the study population was positive for H. pylori infection, 60% was males. H. pylori culture showed a sensitivity of 45%, specificity of 98%. All H. pylori strains isolated were sensitive to metronidazole, clarithromycin, amoxicillin and tetracycline. Helicobacter pylori diagnosis and susceptibility profile directs the applicability of recommended treatment regimens in our setting. Knowledge of the antibiotic susceptibility patterns in our setting allows us to be more cautious in the choice of first-line agents. Information on antibiotic susceptibility profile plays an important role in empiric antibiotic treatment and management of refractive cases.

Corals reef is the richest and biologically diverse ecosystems. Larak island which is located in the Persian Gulf have coral reef ecosystem. Sampling has been carried out by SCUBA diving method and estimated fringing reef grew around the north part of this Island during the years of 2000-2001. The distribution of reef was determined through field observation and about 2-6 meters depth below the mean low tide. Our results showed identified corals belonging to seven families, eight genera and 12 species. Seven families belonging to Scleractinia order and one species belonging to Alcyonacea order. In Scleractini six families were: Acroporidae, Pocilloporidae, Agriicidae, Siderasteridae, Poritidae, Faviidae and seven genera which had identified were Acropora, Porites, Platygyra, Psammocora, Pavana, Favia and Stylophora. The most important families in order to the number of genera and species were Acroporidae, Faviidae and Poritidae.

A series of specific toxicological effects including bioaccumulation of the pollutant, histological changes and influences on ovary tissue were examined in the Rutilus rutilus after the exposure to graded sublethal concentrations (10, 30, 50 μg Hg/L) of mercury chloride (MC). Histopathological changes, such as telangiectasis, and degenerative, can clearly be observed in the slices from the ovary exposed Roach. A batch of Roach with the mean values of 5 cm in length and 5.5 g in mass were pre-raised in a static system, which was supplied with dechlorinated tap water and constantly aerated. The water qualities were controlled as follows: pH, 7.45; oxygen concentration, 7 mg/L; the water temperature, 21–22 ◦C. All fish were fed twice a day with a commercial ration of biomar. Reagents Appropriate amount of mercury chloride (MC, AR 98%, Merck-Schuchardt) was dissolved in a stock solution of 0.676g HgCl2/L. Based on the 24 h LC50 value (70 ppb) obtained from the acute exposure test, a graded series (10, 30, 50 μg Hg/L) of mercury chloride (MC) were administered to Roach fish (Rutilus rutilus) with 48 fish per group. The chemical exposure experiments lasted for 48, 96 and 144 hours. These designed exposure levels were sublethal, and could induce obvious alteration of tissues abnormalities and disease at the same time.

In this work 47 quantitative and qualitative anatomical characters of the flag leaves of two subspecies H. murinum L. ssp.glacum Steudel (Tzvelev) and -ssp. leporinum Link (Arcangell) were studied, characters such as location of the macro hairs and silica cells, shape of the short cells and bulliform and venation type were distinct among the two subspecies. Statistical analyses showed significant differences in 17 quantitative characters such as the number and width of long cells, number, length and width of short cells and stomata. The results of PCA (Principle Component Analysis) showed that the first component indicate %72 of total variation. The number of long cells and number of prickle cells in coastal zone showed the most correlation. H. murinum ssp. glaucum had chromosom number 2n=14 and –ssp leporinum had 2n=28 chromosomes. Results showed that polyploidy levels related to characters such as: number and width of long cells, number, length and width of short cells, number and width of long cells, number, length, width and number of rows of stomata cells, number of macro hairs, width of bulliform cells, number of outer bundle sheath cells in small vascular bundle.

Damask rose is one of the most important medicinal and aromatic plants from economical point of view in Iran. Damask rose is commonly propagated by asexual methods. Conventional propagation of Rosa damascena is limited attributed to low adventitious root formation on cutting. In vitro culture has became an alternative method for propagation of this plant species. The shoot single node segments included lateral buds were taken from bushes. Single-node explants were surface sterilized with sodium hypochlorite 1.2% for 15 min and cultured on MS and QL media supplemented with various concentrations of N6- benzyl adenine (BA) and kinetin (Kin). Shoot proliferation was superior on QL than in MS medium. The best growth regulator combination were 5mgl-1 BA and 1.5mgl-1 Kin.

The sampling of Chlorophyta (green algae) and Cyanobacteria (blue- green algae) were accomplished by Rottener method for 13 months in the lake. The experiment was done in three sites with three replications. All the samples became fixed with 40% formalin and after concentrating, they were surveyed by specified identity keys. The analysis of physical and chemical factors such as temperature, DO, pH, NO3, NH4, TP, TN, EC and total hardness was performed based on standard methods. The results of this experiment indicated the identification of 42 Chlorophyta and 17 Cyanobacteria genera. The most density of green and blue- green algae was seen in October and August, respectively. Also during the test, the most density of Chlorophyta and Cyanobacteria were allocated to genera of Golenkinia and Merismopedia.