ماهنامه تشخیص آزمایشگاهی
پیاپی 74 (آبان و آذر 1390)

cholera is an intestinal acute infection caused by Vibriocholera O1 -and had different epidemics in Iran. Since Qom is a religious and touristiccity. and thousands of tourists and travelers visit this city from all around the worldand Iran. It is an endemic place for cholera، the investigation of knowledge level andpeoples› attitude type about this disease and knowing about ways of transferring thisdisease among people especially among the young can help prevent the spread of thisdisease. Therefore، this study tries to determine the degree of high school students›knowledge as one of the active social groups about cholera in Qom، 2010. in a cross sectional descriptive study، 388 student wererandomly selected among the student population of different high schools in Qomand they were asked to fill a questionnaire composed of 20 items. The rate (degree) of their knowledge was measured based on the number of the correct answers and itwas ranked using a scale having four ranks as follows: 0-6 inadequate information،6. 5- 12. 5 low knowledge، 13-19 average knowledge، >19 high knowledge. The datawere analyzed through SPSS software and chi square and ANOVA tests. 47% of the students were in the first، 31. 4% in second، and 21. 6% in the thirdgrade of high school، among these، 1. 3% had inadequate knowledge about cholera،27% low knowledge، 65. 5% average knowledge and 6. 2% had high knowledge aboutthe disease. There was significant relationship

Asthma is a complex genetic disorder that displays various phenotypes، and this is attributed to the interactions among many genes and environmental factors، that considered in terms of its hallmarks of reversible airflow obstruction، non-specific bronchial hyper reactivity and chronic airway inflammation. T-lymphocytes are known to play a central role in the inflammatory process of bronchial asthma. However، the molecular mediators responsible for clinical symptoms due to fungal exposure in individuals with asthma are still not known، correlation between fungal exposure and aggravation of inflammatory symptoms in asthmatic individuals is well documented in the literature. Clinical symptoms in non-allergic inflammation due to many types of microbial exposure are characterized by high systemic production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor α. Recently، a role for the plasma protein mannan-binding lectin has been proposed in individuals with severe asthmatic disease، although little is known about its role in those with mild and untreated asthma، mannan-binding lectin has been reported to modulate inflammatory cytokine production، but the mechanisms are not known. We speculate thatreduced tumour necrosis factor α production in monocytes from asthmatic subjects after fungal cell wall mannan stimulation could partly be influenced by plasma components such as mannan-binding lectin.