Journal Of Tourism And Hospitality Research
Volume:1 Issue: 2, Autumn 2010

Nowadays, the tourism industry in the world is one of the main sources of income and is regarded as one of the factors influencing cultural exchanges among countries. Before being considered as an industrial and economic activity, tourism is a cultural phenomenon that plays an important role in cultural developments. Proper utilization of cultural interaction is to strengthen the national culture and international cultural understanding. One of the most important concerns and compassionate guardians of national culture in the countries is to avoid cultural globalization and subcultures. This paper is an attempt to describe the cultural and social impacts of tourism and their possible interaction considering the role of the two factors of culture and society in the development of regional tourism in Ramsar as well as considering the views of tourists and officials and their influence on the tourism development in the area.

Paying attention to women was reached new phase in the process of human development and women are placed on the center of gravity of the development descriptions by distributing the theory of stable development in the year 1980. Nowadays different countries such as Iran have devised many programs in order to improve rural and urban woman's status in the society. Therefore, paying too much attention to empowering rural women, who comprise about the half of the village's population, is one of the important policies. Empowering women is a process in which women are informed about their own inner needs and demands. They try to have spunk in order to reach the goal and to have the required ability to satisfy their needs.

Within the geographical area of Iran, a significant amount of historical background can be traced among its 63,883 villages. Besides, the special architectural characteristics or physical fabric of some of these villages demonstrate important historical and cultural aspects of Iran, an extremely valuable part of heritage that remains of our ancestors, and to a further extent, a hidden part of the history of Iran. These settlements, in accordance with regional diversity and effects of natural environment, have enabled these elements, forces and socioeconomic and political factors to be set up, and eventually over time have found their form. In reality, however, these settlements, to a certain extent, are scattered when compared to traditional architecture, and differ in relation to spatial-location. The location and state of the old villages in various parts of Iran, considers many issues including aesthetics, adapting by natural in an attempt to incorporate traditional architecture in various places without formal academic training of inhabitants. In fact, present in the construction of old spaces, is a sentiment of soberness that not only satisfies the needs of its inhabitants, but also considers aesthetics, as well as the creativity of traditional architects.

Iran is a country with stunningly attractive locations, which enables it toprofit from lucrative economic potentials. Such ideal geography is a potential that directs Iran to a prosperous economy. This paper is an attempt to focus on four of these naturally formed caves in Iran: Alisadr, Sahoulan, Rudafshan and Yakhmorad. Familiarizing people with these natural wonders might lead us to think that concentrating on touristic locations may enhance economic conditions of every region. Regarding the relation between income per capita and economic growth and also the relation between tourist attraction and its importance, the author concludes that one can clearly understand a direct relationship between tourist attraction and economic development, ultimately resulting in social development.

The paper is to examine the concept of tourism and indicate how urban space needs sustainability which has an impact on tourists’ attractions and preferences in the contemporary socio-cultural context of urban tourism. Sustainability is considered as a great key for tourism development and leads to sustainable tourism. The aim of sustainable tourism is to ensure that development is a positive experience for local people, tourism companies, and tourists.

Strategic planning is a tool which helps organizations to select the best method for development and sustainability. Strategic management is a constant process including three stages: strategy formulation, implementation, and evaluation. Analysis of external and internal environment is needed for each planning and decision. Internal working dynamics of Tourism organization contains factors such as: management, marketing, financial, human resources, producing/implementing, research, and development. Evaluating these factors is effective in specifying the organization strengths and weaknesses. Likewise, recognizing effective factors in the external environment of the organization is important. Economic, political, socio-cultural, and technological factors are external factors which cannot be controlled by organization and strongly affect the organization. Today the organization success is determined by identifying internal weaknesses and strengths and recognizing changing environment. In this article different approaches to the tourism planning and strategic management of tourism organization are described. External and internal environment and factors which affect tourism organization are also mentioned.

The development and growth of the hotel industry in any country requires the management of the existing sources. These sources could be either human resources offering services, structures and buildings, raw consumable materials or health and hygiene and related facilities. These sources will only be valuable when they have the ability to be transformed into a product and presented to demanding lodging and catering units. For sure, the continuity of these products relies on the amount of satisfaction and expectations of the customers achieved who search to enjoy the highest amount of satisfaction from their requested products and services in today’s competitive market. This satisfaction, especially in the hotel industry, will only be achieved in the manufacturers and service providers endeavor to improve the quality of their continuous services based on the satisfaction and consent of the tourists (their customers) and attract their trust and confidence in order to increase the number of loyal customers in a scientific process. The main questions in this article are where the position of the customer and the quality and improvement of services in the hotel industry are and how customers became profitable for a country’s lodging and catering units. With a scientific approach and based on international cases, the researcher has attempted to explain and justify the quality phenomenon with concrete examples in order to get customer satisfaction and preserve the market. The definition and interpretation of the word quality, studying the role and quality of services in the hotel industry, identifying all types of customers and buyers of tourism products and presenting practical solutions are of the most significant parts of this article which will be explained in detail.