مجله پژوهش های جامعه شناختی
سال چهارم شماره 3 (پیاپی 21، پاییز 1389)

The purpose of this paper is to study of effect of socioeconomic factors on changing gender ratio of males and females at the universities of country. There is a significant relation between Gender differences and social-cultural factors in different entry of female and males to the university. Part of this issue is resulted of different mentalities to location and responsibility of males and females and the other part is related to the other factors that have been studied. In this purpose, after reviewing the previous studies of internal and external, after selecting the sample at three regions of Tehran (2, 6, and 12) by using a researcher-made questionnaire we studied these factors. After to determine of even conditions of two groups, by using the Gama and Kendal tests some of socioeconomic factors of effective on changing gender ratio were examined. Research findings showed: education degree for boys who want to continue their education is more valuable than girls. There is a significant relationship between cultural, economic and social capital of family of girls and their tendency to high education. Family of girls is more effective than those of boys in the tendency to high education. There is a significant relationship between social opportunities for girls and boys and their tendency to academic education and inequality feeling about going to the university, for males is more than females. There is also a significant relationship between the kind of the rewarding system to high education and tendency to academic education. The reward that in the different fields, the society gives to educated males is different than those for females so this reason has been caused to decline men’s stimulate and interest for to study at the university. There is a significant relationship between socioeconomic functions of education and tendency of males and females to the academic education and socioeconomic functions are more useful for males in compared females. There is also a significant relationship between the value of the high education foe boys and their tendency to continuing their study but wasn’t observed this relation among girls. Satisfaction of respondents of their class-social situation is effective on their tendency to the academic education. So, there are the other factors except studied factors that they have to be studied at the future projects.

One of the most critical periods of life of every individual is adolescence puberty that is associated with increasing psychological sensitivity. Different attitudes towards the stage of life in different communities, is largely due to different culture each community.Biological anthropology expresses that biological phenomena are in direct relation and interaction with socio-cultural phenomena. In this study we have attempted by studying of cultural phenomena affecting puberty of girls in two ethnic regions in north of Iran hypothesis without show biological-culture interaction. Cultural traits that in connection with the puberty of girls are reviewed consist: folklore, taboos, beliefs and customs. Results showed that puberty of girls in both regions has been surrounded with many taboo so that its results can be seen in the folklore and customs. Meanwhile, this problem particularly in Gilak region has been led that the girls receive the little teaching about puberty for encountering to it. Lack of training has been led that girls use resources out of the family, such as media, books and people outside the family environment for awareness of this phenomenon.

This research seeks following purposes by study of the deep involving on cyber space: to measure of behavioral coherency to internet, to measure of severe addiction to cyber space and to measure of behavioral coherency and internet addiction. Method of research was survey and the sample was selected of the 18-29 years old youths of Tehran city. We used the simple random sampling and gathered the data by a researcher-made questionnaire. Hypotheses were tested according to Davis’s behavioral-cognitive perspective, Yong’s addiction-oriented behavior theory and Rosenberg’s self-esteem theory. According to results; mean of using internet for servers was 17.14 hours a week.29 percent of servers were addicted to internet and all of them have experienced various ranges feeling weakness and inability in affaires, dissocializing, solitude and social isolation, intendancy to relationship and interpersonal interaction. Boys’ tendency to internet was severe than girls and there was a significant relationship between boys and girls in the addiction to internet and solitude and social isolation. Addiction to internet was high in 25 years old and according to findings, studied youths used internet effectively and for them internet was a good instrument for self –expression and to produce the relationship. To chat, scientific, educational using, to check email had the highest servers in the studied society. According to results, we recommend, effective educational planning and trying for to solve of youth problems for to district of growing addiction to internet among servers.

In this research relation between adolescents’ socioeconomic status and learning violence of violent TV serials of third network has been studied. We compared parental violence impact of violent behavior of adolescents to learned violence of violent TV serials of third network. Sample was 400 girls and boys (17-12 years old) of resident of Zahedan city that were selected by cluster sampling and consisted of 55.3 percent girls and 44.7npercent boys. Technique of data collection was two questionnaires that one of them was answered by adolescents and the other one by their parents. The results indicate that: Teens who watch violent serials, show more violent behavior. Adolescents who experience violent behaviors of their parents it is more likely that show more violent behavior and the most of them watched violent TV serials of on third network. Behavior of upper class parents was more peaceful than parents of the other classes. Upper class parents controlled watching TV of their children more than parents of middle and low classes.

Social trust is socially acquired and confirmed expectations and obligations that people have to each other and to existence institutions and organizations in their society. Social trust includes: interpersonal trust, institutional and generalized trust. The purpose of this paper was to study the rate of Social trust and effective factors of it. It also has been compared two level of institutional trust – trust of people to formal institutions and organizations- and people trust to classes and guilds. Research method was survey and technique of data gathering was questionnaire. Sample was 260 people of over 16 years old who were resident of Khalkhal city and sampling method was uneven cluster sampling upon on class. Data was descried and analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings indicate that institutional trust level (public and private) in Khalkhal city is moderate to high. In the explanatory level, there is a significant relationship between variables of education, security feeling, common values and life satisfaction and trust to formal and informal institutions.

The present study has examined factors of effective on research activities of professors and sought to identify factors that have been caused some of professors of university away from research activities and they exclusively taught. The studies community was the full – time and part – time faculty members of the Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katool branch. Data was gathered by researcher –made questionnaire and for analyzing of data descriptive and inferential statistics were applied. Descriptive statistics such tables and inferential statistics T test, one-way variance analyses and Pearson correlation coefficient were used for to measure of variables relationship. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between sex and professors’ research activities so that average of the male professor’s research activity is more than those of female professors. There is a significant relationship between the scientific degree and research activities; the faculty members with higher scientific degree had more research works. There was no a significant relationship between different departments in this case. There was no significant relationship between kinds of the university where the faculty members have been graduated from. There was no significant relationship between research possibilities, occupying in the staff and research activity effectiveness. There was a significant relationship between scientific management, social relationship of faculty members, presented syllabus and the amount of professor’s research activities.

The main purpose of this paper is to know effective factors on the family values among the students. The other purpose is to gain to a theoretical model of analytic about effective factors on the family values by using Habermas and Wolkhart theory. The main question of research is: does the designed theoretical model adjust to existence reality? Research method was survey and the technique of the data gathering was a questionnaire. Studied sample was 384 students of Islamic Azad University, Roudhen branch in education year 2011. Sampling method was classified of proper with size and study unit was selected by simple random sampling method. The results indicate that: there is an inverse relationship pattern between independent and dependent variables. Independent variables are accessing to internet, using internet, affinity to internet, interactional space of internet, intimate space of internet, sensational relationship, and entrance to group discussions, accepted in interactional space of internet, feeling satisfaction of anonymous in internet, knowing family about using internet space and dependent variable is family values. In regard to modeling indexes we can argue that there is a acceptable coincidence between presented model and experimental data.

The purpose of this paper was to study of cultural-social factors of effective on women entrepreneurism of Karaj city. Research method was survey and data gathering technique was a questionnaire. Sample was 90 people of entrepreneur women of Karaj city that were selected by systematic method of sampling. The field of study was industrial, productive and service units where have been established by these women. In this research, we used regression analysis and comparison of averages for testing hypotheses. All of the hypotheses were confirmed. According to results, role pattern, married status and education level were effective on women entrepreneurism.