مجله زنان مامائی و نازائی ایران
سال پانزدهم شماره 3 (هفته اول خرداد 1391)

The rate of maternal mortality is an important indicator of health in any society and the reduction is an important goal in these communities. Based on available resources, prenatal care, delivery and reduce the number of pregnancy is the most important factor in reducing maternal mortalities. The statistics of maternal mortality in underdeveloped countries is more than two thousand cases per hundred thousand births, and in developed countries, less than 5 percent of live births have been reported. Considering that no study was done in this area in Semnan, the present study was conducted for the assessment of maternal mortality and its causes in a 10-year period in Semnan. This retrospective descriptive study, case series from March 2000 to January 2010 were surveyed by available medical records in Amir-al-Momenin Hospital of Semnan. In this study, the number of live births and maternal deaths during a 10-year period was extracted from the statistics available in the archives of Amir-al-Momenin Hospital in Semnan. Possible causes of maternal mortality and its associated assessment were statistically analyzed using the statistical software SPSS (version 16), and were then compared with the global statistics. The maternal mortality ratio was 53.3 in 100000 live births. The most common cause of direct maternal deaths was bleeding during and after the delivery, and 83.3 percent of maternal deaths were direct and 16.6 percent of deaths were indirect. Age, prior cesarean section, cesarean section in recent delivery and multiparity were possible risk factors of maternal mortality. Most type of maternal death was direct and most common type was bleeding.

Asymptomatic bacteriuria is the most common infectious complication of pregnancy and due to serious maternal and fetal complications, screening and treatment of people with its standard is part of prenatal care. The screening is difficult because of the need for urine culture laboratory equipment, professional workforce, and high cost. This study with the aim of evaluating diagnostic accuracy used prepared slide cultures to detect asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy in order to create an accurate, fast, simple and inexpensive method.

This study examined the validity of a laboratory method on 1263 pregnant women with gestational age of 6-35 weeks, without signs of urinary tract infection and history of antibiotic use who were referred to Aldaghi clinic in Sabzevar. Clean midstream urine samples were taken from the participants and simultaneously standard urine cultures were done by microbiologist and slides were used by researcher.Slides were kept at room temperature for 72 hours and were examined every 24 hours for bacterial growth. Slide results were compared with urine culture every 24 hours. Results were presented by SPSS 11.5 as sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value.

Dipslides showed 100% sensitivity after 48 hours, 99.9% specificity, 97.5% positive predictive value, and 100% negative predictive value.

Dipslide can be suitable alternative for standard urine culture for screening asymptomatic bacteriuria.

This study was aimed to evaluate the index DMFT (number of decayed, missing and filled teeth) in pregnant women and its relationship their knowledge, beliefs and health behaviors in the field of oral care.

This cross-sectional study was performed on 142 pregnant women who were admitted to the nine regional health centers, Khaje-Rabi regional health center of Mashhad in 2009 by random sampling. After completing the profile form, assessing knowledge, beliefs and health behaviors in the field of oral health, they were examined by dentist in terms of DMFT index. Analysis of collected data was done by SPSS 16 and statistical tests such as frequency distribution, mean, Pearson, ANOVA and T student tests.

Mean and standard deviation of DMFT index in pregnant women were 10.29±4.92. 3.5% of pregnant women had good knowledge, 68.3% with positive attitude and 19% had favorable attitudes in terms of oral and dental health. In this study, the DMFT index showed no significant difference on various levels of knowledge of pregnant women in terms oral and dental health. Average DMFT index was lower in the group having positive attitudes (beliefs) toward oral and dental health (p=0.013), and there was a significant inverse statistical relationship between DMFT index and health behaviors of pregnant women (p=0.001).

DMFT index was relatively high, level of knowledge and health behaviors and correlation among DMFT index, beliefs and health behaviors of pregnant women were in low level.

One of the main problems during pregnancy is maternal use of narcotic drugs and illegal drugs which are the cause of fetal malformations. Unfortunately, despite the proof of being harmful, use of narcotic and illegal drugs and abuse of these drugs without consultation is rising. The present study examined the prevalence of these drugs and awareness of pregnant women from side effects when referring to the main maternity hospital in the city of Ilam. This cross sectional study was done in December 2009 on 74 pregnant women who were referred to Khomeini Hospital in Ilam city. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire and was analyzed by statistical software SPSS (version 16) and q square test. p < 0.05 was considered significant. 49 patients (66.7%) were aware of side effects of narcotic drugs and 20 patients (27.3%) had partial knowledge. 14 (18.9%) of women were using analgesic drugs during pregnancy. The prevalence of drug use among pregnant women and their spouses was 4 person (5.4%) and 10 person (5/13.5%) respectively, and prevalence of alcohol consumption among pregnant women and their spouses was 3 person (4.05%) and 3 person (5.4%) respectively. Recreational prevalence among pregnant women and their partners had been 0% and 2 (2.7%) respectively. In 64 cases, an agreement existed (86.5%) among pregnant women and their spouses. A large number of pregnant women have little to no awareness of effects of narcotic drugs and illegal drugs during pregnancy. Therefore, pregnant women need to be upgraded about the effects of these drugs.