مجله مطالعات علوم پزشکی
سال بیست و سوم شماره 3 (امرداد و شهریور 1391)

This study aimed to assess the efficacy of percutaneus unroofing in the treatment of simple renal cysts instead of laparoscopic decortication and open surgeries.

This study included 11 patients with 12 simple cyst units managed by percutaneus unroofing from November 2009 to October 2010. All cysts were evaluated with ultrasonography and abdominal CT. If there was not any contraindication, cyst wall resection was performed. A standard transurethral resectoscope was used to resect the cyst wall and the parenchymal portion of the cyst was subsequently cauterized. Drainage tube was left in place for two days.

At 5 months follow up, patients were asked about their symptoms and ultrasonography was performed. From 12 cyst units 8 were completely resolved,3 were reduced to less than 50% and 1 was persistent near to original size.The success was defined as more than 50% reduction in cyst volume.

Management of renal simple cysts can be done safely by percutaneus unroofing with success rate of nearly 90%.This new technique can offer several advantages over open surgery with decreased length of hospital stay, improved convalescence, and reduced risk of complications. Percutaneous resection also avoids the multiple trocar sites, extensive dissection, and technical difficulty associated with laparoscopy.

Preeclampsia is one of the main causes of maternal and fetal mortality. Despite many studies, its etiology is still unknown. Many etiologies as nutritional factors have been presented in causing of preeclampsia. Recently there has been attention towards the role of folic acid. This study was performed to examine the association of serum levels of folic acid with preeclampsia in pregnant women.

This was an analytic observational case-control study which was conducted in Tabriz- Alzahra educational hospital at 2009. 52 preeclamptic women (aged 18-35 in 34-42 weeks and 52 normotensive pregnant women were selected according to age, pregnancy number, and gestational age. Data were gathered through interviews and reviewing their medical records. Folic acid serum levels were measured by electrochemiluminescence method on Elecsys-2010 system using the Roche brand kit. The data were analyzed by SPSS.

The mean folic acid serum levels in preeclamptic group was significantly lower than non- preeclamptic group (p=0.001). Multivariate analysis showed a significant decrease in the frequency of preeclampsia with increasing the serum levels of folic acid (OR=0.88, CI95%:0.77-0.99). Findings about the frequency of main food groups’ consumption containing folic acid indicated that the only mean difference between two groups was in relation to fruits. The mean of fruit group consumption per week in preeclamptic women was lower than non- preeclamptic women (p=0.002).

It is recommended that all health care providers educate clients during counseling about the importance of folic acid, regular and timely consumption of supplements as well as food groups containing folic acid specially fruits and its possible role in prevention of preeclampsia.

Biocompatible packaging based on edible films containing active agents used in food to improve quality, extending product shelf life and reducing the risk of pathogen growth. The objective of this study was to prepare composite films from chitosan and starch containing 0, 0.5, 1 and 2% pomegranate pell extract (PPE) and to evaluate their antimicrobial, antioxidant and optical properties and film solubility.

Composite films containing 0, 0.5, 1 and 2% PPE, were obtained by casting method. The film properties were determined by measuring total polyphenolic content, antioxidant activity, optical properties and solubility in water. Agar diffusion method was used for antimicrobial evaluation. All experiments were performed at least in triplicate and collected data was analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan's test using SPSS software.

The edible films containing PPE exhibited more effective impact on the growth reduction of L.monocytogenes than S.aureus and E.coli (p < 0.05). Antioxidant activity and total phenol(TP) of chitosan- starch films was significant increased with the addition of PPE but concentration of 0.5% and 1% in antioxidant activity and 0 % and 0.5% in TP were not significantly different (p<0.05). The color was affected by the addition of PPE; the results showed that increasing PPE yielded lower transparency, darker and more red-yellowish of resulted films. Results also showed that the water solubility of films tended to increase as the level of PPE increases (p<0.05).

This study showed that starch-chitosan composite films containing pomegranate peel extract was significantly antibacterial properties, while shows the higher antioxidant effect. PPE also improves the same physical properties of the film. This edible film has potential for use in extending the shelf life of food products.

Despite adequacy of dietary iodine intake in the Islamic Republic of Iran, the prevalence of goiter is still high in certain parts of the country such as West Azarbaijan province. This investigation was undertaken to evaluate urinary iodine excretion (UIE) and prevalence of goiter among (10-17 years-old) schoolchildren in Urmia County.

Schoolchildren (n=500; gender: girls) were enrolled by random cluster sampling from different schools districts in Urmia. Studied population comprised 158 primary schoolchildren, 257 secondary schoolchildren and 85 high schoolchildren. UIE was assessed by the Sandell-Kolthoff method while prevalence of goiter determined by palpation.

Median UIE in Urmia’s education districts (1&2) were 145 µg/L and 142 µg/L, respectively. Median UIE in high school children was significantly higher than those in primary- or secondary schoolchildren. Prevalence of goiter in primary -, secondary- and high school were 9.5%, 15.2% and 8.2%, respectively.

The present study reveals that average goiter prevalence among schoolchildren in different education levels was 12.6%. This was markedly higher than the value (0.4%) reported by the 4th national survey in 2006. High prevalence of goiter among secondary schoolchildren is possibly associated with pubertal hormonal changes. Further should be conducted to evaluate distribution of thyroid antibody and autoimmune thyroiditis among school-age children Urmia County.

Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder in which a person binges and purges. Research on clinical samples with bulimia nervosa patients has identified a variety of variables associated with bulimic behavior. This research was aimed at determine the role of perfectionism, negative effect, and brain- behavior systems in prediction of bulimia disorder.

This study was conducted on 70 bulimia nervosa patients among clients of treatment center, and 70 normal individuals that were selected via purposeful sampling. For gathering information, the Hewitt and Flett multidimensional perfectionism, Head depression, anxiety scale and Carver and Whitt brain-behavioral systems questionnaires were used. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the results as well as discriminative analysis methods.

Bulimia nervosa patients reported higher levels of perfectionism, negative affect compared with the normal groups. In addition, bulimia nervosa patients showed lower level of bis compared with the normal groups. Also predictors accounted for 85% of the variance in bulimia nervosa.

This study revealed that perfectionism, negative affect and brain- behavioral systems predicted occurrence of bulimia nervosa significantly.