فصلنامه پژوهش های نوین روانشناختی
پیاپی 24 (زمستان 1390)

The purpose of this study was to consider the effectiveness of cognitive-behavior therapy on the marital satisfaction and intimacy of chemical patient couples in Sardasht. The sample consisted of 30 patients which were selected accessibility. Cognitive-behavioral therapy was carried out on the experimental group in 10 sessions over a period of 1/5 hours. The questionnaires were ENRICH martial inventory and Intimacy Scale (IS) which were completed by participants before and after intervention. The data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. The results showed that cognitivebehavior therapy increased marital satisfaction and intimacy in experimental group significantly in comparison with the control group (p<00.1). In general, this method modified marital satisfaction and intimacy of couples.

The aim of this research was to study the effectiveness of group logotherapy on depression and aggression of drug abusers. From among 53 abusers, referred for addiction lapse to behzisti institute, Rahnama counseling center and addiction lapse center of Bakhshandeh, By using of depression and aggression questionnaire, 28 addicted peoples that had above depression and aggression were chosen randomly and then divided into experimental and control groups randomly (14 people for each group). Experimental group received 10 sessions of group logotherapy, a session weekly, and control group did not receive any training. After depression and aggression of two group intervention were measured again. Data analysis by using analysis of covariance showed significan difference (P
0/001) in depression and aggression amount between two groups. Findings of present investigation indicated importance of group logotherapy on decreasing depression and aggression amount of addicted peoples. Results of this research converge with other investigations findings and all of these researches showed that group logotherapy has basic role in decreasing depression and aggression amount of drug-abusers.

The aim of the current research was to investigate the relation among God concept, adult attachment and paranoid ideation in college students of Medical Sciences. To this end, 469 students from Tehran Medical Sciences University and Iran Medical Sciences University were selected by means of proportional stratified sampling. Religious Concept Survey (Gorsuch, 1968), Paranoid dimension of Symptom Check List 90-Revised (Deragotis, etal., 1973) and Adult Attachment Scale (Collins, 1996) were administered to them. Regression analysis was used to analyze data. Results indicated that paranoid ideation of college students can be predicted by the quality of attachment, and God concept (wrathfulness). In other words, students who percevie God as a wrathful entity, were more prone to have paranoid ideation. In addition, an anxious attachment was associated with more paranoid ideation; however dependable attachment was associated inversely with paranoid ideation.

The aim of the current research was to study the differences between personality disorders of the delinquents and normal pepole. For this reason, 32 delinquents were selected from Sanandaj Reform and Education Center for juveniles by purposeful sampling method and then 34 pepole were selected by simple random sampling method and then they were evaluated by the Questionnaire Millon. Results of the t-test statistical analysis showed that between deliquents and normals there was a significant statistical difference in the borderline, Schizoid, dependent and Paranoid personality disorders. In studying of the two mentioned groups in the 3 class of A,B and C personality disorders it was revealed that in the first 2 classes for delinquents and normals there were a significant difference in (class A and B) personality disorders but the difference in the personality disorders of the C class was not significant.

This research aimed to examine the role of the motivational strategies (achievement goals, self-efficacy, and test anxiety), cognitive learning strategies (rehearsal, elaboration, and organization), and learning of peers in the English achievement. 160 students (102 girls and 58 boys) at third grade of high school at Pishva district were selected with a stratified random sampling method. All of pintrich’s them completed the motivational strategies and learning questionnaires and the adapted version of Elliot and Mc Gregor’s achievement goals questionnaires. The findings showed a positive relationship between self-efficacy, rehearsal, and mastery approach goal orientation with language achievement and a negative relationship between test anxieties, learning of peers, performance avoidance goal with language achievement, significantly. Self-efficacy, learning of peers and mastery approach goal orientation predicted 37 percent of variance of language achievement and self-efficacy had the most contribution in prediction of language achievement. One unexpected finding was the negative role of learning of peers in language achievement. Some findings of present research was consistent with previous researches. The role of self-efficacy in English language achievement in comparison to the other variables was noticeable. The theoretical implications of findings were discussed.

The purpose of this study was to compare and determine the effectiveness of conceptual map teaching and lecturing methods on the achievement of socio-economic skill courses in students with intellectual disability. 30 subjects selected randomly from 3rd grade intellectual disabled students in Tabriz and academic achievement in socio-economic skill courses of them were assessed by teacher-made test. Then subjects wereassigned in two groups equally. Experimental group participated into 8 sessions and were trained by conceptual map teaching method and control group by lecturing method. Posttest administrated on all subjects after treatment sessions. To measure memorization of experimental group, one month later they assessed by teachermade and performance tests. The data were analyzed by analysis of covariance. Results showed that the effect of conceptual map teaching method on academic achievement and memorization is significant (p<0.01) in comparison to lecturing method. Regarding to positive effects of conceptual map teaching method on meaningful learning, it can be used for training individuals with intellectual disability who require a deep learning to understand the content.

This research examines the spiritual aspect in family. For this goal, forgiveness method based on spiritual psychotherapy has been used. This model, which is based on Worthington’s method, has been carried out on 2 Iranian couples. This model involves 9 sessions and the effect of this method in decreasing marital conflicts has been examined. In a pseudo experimental study method the single - subject design (multiple - baseline design) was carried out. The research results demonstrated that using of forgiveness method based on spiritual psychotherapy make decreasing marital conflicts.

The aim of this research was to study the memory bias in the Subclinical anxious individuals in comparison with normal individuals. In a semi experimental study, 80 students Islamic Azad University of Tabriz were chosen and investigated. After testing with Beck anxiety test they were divided into two groups (40 individuals in anxious group and 40 individuals in normal group) and Memory computer task was conducted. The data was analyzed by multi variate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results showed that anxious individuals have significant bias in react to anxiety evoking words meaningfully relative to normal individuals but in positive and neutral words normal individuals revealed significant bias.

The main aim of the current study was to investigate the performance of the executive functions as a major part of human cognitive abilities among individuals who suffer from HIV/AIDS. 68 subjects in two groups (34 patients with HIV/AIDS and 34 normal control subjects) who were matched by sex, age, level of education, marital, and socio- economic status participated in the study. Both groups were administered the Impact of Event Scale (IES-R), Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck’s Anxiety Inventory (BDI), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), and Tower of London. The results indicated high PTSD symptoms, depression and anxiety among patient group. The findings also revealed that patient group showed poor performance on WCST and Tower of London comparing normal control subjects. The findings are discussed in terms of the role of the self and processes involved in executive functions regarding to psychological effects including PTSD symptoms.

The purpose of this research was to examine the effectiveness of social skill training on the social growth of girls between 10 to 15 years old with intellectual disability on the base of Felner Social Competence Model. To fulfill this goal, the pre test, post test and control group was used. The research population includes all intellectual disabled girls between 10-15 years old studying in exceptional schools (N=91) of Urmia in the educational year of 2008-2009. The sample size was 40 students which divided into experimental (n=20) and control groups (n=20) randomly. Both groups were paired in accordance with intelligence quotient and age. An educational plan based on the elements of Felner model was designed and performed in 30 sessions. Both groups were pre tested and post tested by social skill test and Vineland Social Maturity Scale. In order to analyze the data, the dependent t-Test and analysis Covariance were used. The results revealed that training based on Felner Social Competence model improved social skills and development (p<0.01). The results obtained from covariance indicated a significant difference between the scores before and after tests in both groups for social skill variable (0.68 - Eta, F-70.56) and social development variable (Eta -0.41, F-46.32). The comparison of Eta coefficients and F for social growth and skill variables revealed that training has been more effective on social skills.