Jundishapur Journal of Health Sciences
Volume:3 Issue: 4, 2012

Air pollution in industrial and urban areas is one of the most important problems of environment which endangers human's health; an example of these pollutants is the suspended particles in the air that with the increase of 10 in the air, the rate of mortality increases by 1 to 3 precent. Research This study was done during three seasons by determining ten sampling stations in each season and according to ASTM D: 4096 method. In this study air samples (30 samples) were collected by vallum pumps, by using 8 10 inches fibreglass filter in 24 hours and by installing the plant in the height of 3m. The total suspended collected particles were determined after weighing by the help of mathematics formula, also the amount of heavy metals were extracted by acidic digestion; analysed by the ICP set and determined by Pearson statistics test. The results show that the average of suspended particles in winter is 426.6, in autumn 471.3, and in spring 871.8 respectively and have the minimum to maximum of the pollution amount. Also the average of heavy metals including iron, plumb, cadmium, vanadium and nickel were 2.4, 0.116, 0.0199, 0.075, 0.059 respectively. 24 hour comparison of density of pollutants in various seasons reveals that the amount of suspended particles and heavy metals like iron, cadmium, vanadium and nickel in autumn, winter and spring are higher than the standards of WHO and only the amount of plumb was according to standards of WHO.

The world health organization (WHO) has supported and recommended study and research on the various aspects of leishmaniasis which is one of the six major tropical region diseases. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is considered as a common parasitic disease in Iran. Considering the fact that few studies have been conducted about some centers of disease such as khorram-shahr and the information about the status of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the foci of the disease are very low so this study was performed to determine the frequency of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis and the epidemiological situation in Khorram-shahr city. Clinical samples consisted of all the confirmed cases that referred to all health centers of Khorram-shar city during 2009-2010 with the symptoms of coetaneous leishmaniasis and the presence of amastigotes in Giemsa-stained smears. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Information about subjects such as citizenship, age, gender, number and location of ulcers, location (city or village), health centers and diagnosis of the disease were collected and interpreted with SPSS software using descriptive statistics. The incidence rate of disease in 327 patients was 2.07 per thousand persons. Around 68.1 percent of patients were more than 15 years old and most of the cases (62.3 percent) were found in the males. A total of 44 percent of patients had one ulcer and 46.4 percent of the wounds were observed on the hands and then feet, face and other parts of the body. A total of 65.75 percent were in the urban areas and most of cases were observed during January and February (37.6 percent). According to the environmental conditions for the sand activity of flies in some months in this area, the prevention and treatment of patients in urban and rural areas of Khorram-shahr is a key priority.

Landfill site selection is an important action in integrated solid waste management process. Different criteria should be considered in site selection. Therefore using special methods are necessary to evaluate the criteria. The object of the current study was to determine and select suitable sites for solid waste landfill in Shiraz city regarding the observation of environmental matters by using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) techniques done using software Expert Choice. In this study, at first for sanitary landfill site selection, 19 effective criteria including: Geological Situation, Soil, Slope, land use, distance from urban centers, rural and industrial towns, hydrographic network, Groundwater, the dominant wind direction, rain, road access, etc., were identified and prepared. In the next step on the basis of the sanitary landfill site selection regulations, each of the layers was graded such that Low graded layers showed non coordination or less coordination and high grade layers showed more coordination. The graded maps were merged with considering obtained weights in the Analytical Hierarchy Process and the final map was extracted. On the basis of this map, 2.6 percent of the region area had perfect appropriate conditions, 22.9 percent was appropriate, 33.5 percent was average, 27.9 percent was inappropriate and 13.1 percent was totally inappropriate for landfill. In general, four sites with an area over 272 hectares (which is estimated to be used for 15 years) were determined appropriate for landfill by using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and field visits for solid waste landfill in Shiraz and after comparison and evaluation of the criteria among the four sites, finally, the most appropriate site which was near Shiraz-Beyzae main road around Bereke village was determined and suggested in this Study.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS) which are toxic pollutants are released by various sources of urban combustion. Ahvaz in Iran with around a million population and the industrial and oil centers, has encountered air quality problems. Samples of Dibenzo (a,h) antheracen were collected from six stations in Ahvaz particle and gas phase in summer 2010. Dibenzo(a,h) antheracen were collected from (PAHs) using SKC pump on PTFE filter and Surbnt tube XAD2 with polyurethane separation foams. The samples were analyzed by gas chromatography liquid (HPLC) equipped with Fluorescence detectors with the wavelength of (410 nm and emissions output of 290nm) based on 5506 NIOSH method. The mean of the concentration Dibenzo(a,h) antheracen with the maximum range of 8508/06 to the minimum range of 64/50 was provided in ng/m3 for Naderi station to residential steel homes. Dibenzo (a,h) antheracen with five rings was reported more than 70% in particle phase and the main source of pollutants in the range of high traffic due to the use of fuel (gasoline) in vehicles and was more than the air quality standard in all of the stations.

Precise identification of the risks of power plants as a part of a comprehensive safety analysis is recommended by monitoring organizations. Assessment and risk management techniques in industrial activities through the use of preventive approach to identify hazards, assess and control safety - health risks unit is studied. In this study, risks and effects of Abadan gas power plant were studied and investigated In this study after assessment of different units of power plant from view point of safety-health issues, different kinds of risks in utilization operation phase, a questionnaire was prepared in Delphi technique and was handed to 99 elite and power industry experts and for the analysis of the safety-health risks of Abadan gas power, methods of multiple criteria decision making, e.g.; TOPSIS and eigenvector and Entropy was used. For this purpose, after prioritizing risks of each unit separately using TOPSIS, using one-way ANOVA test, the most priority risks of Abadan gas power plant were determined. Results calculated from the Abadan gas power plant risk show that the risks of MV panels weighting 0/879,work with power keys weighting 0/783 and work with transformations weighting 0/760 in electric unit were known of the most important health and safety risks of the power plant. More solutions to control and reduce the identified risks were presented. Some of these solutions are: using protective and electricity interruption equipment's and developing a safe working condition with safe treatments. Also in order to prevent, control, and decrease damage to the power plant personnel; it was suggested to use self-protection tools and also to choose and maintain devices correctly. At last, to do audit and self-inspection, along with minimizing bad direct and indirect health-safety consequences of Abadan gas power plant, presenting management plans and continuous health-safety was mentioned, and the most important cases of them included: measurement of thermal stress, light, amount of noise, vibration and interval examination of all the needed locations in the power plant.

In industries, in general, occurrence of accidents is not negligible in which injure the workforce and burden cost to society. The main purpose of this study was investigation of industrial accidents and their trend in Fars Province. This is a descriptive analytical retrospective study in which data on industrial accidents were collected from the labor organization of Fars province during years 1385-87 and classified based on industry type, injured body parts, gender and age distribution. Data analysis was done by means of SPSS. Information of 200 registered accident profiles was studied. Results showed that most accidents had happened in private industries (97.5%); all subjects had the mean age and job tenure of 32.3 and 2.5 years respectively. Men were affected more than women (98%) by accidents. Accidents occurred in high rate (53.5%) among married workers. The Frequency rate of accidents in Construction and Service industries were high (57.5%) and (16%) respectively. Right hand and head and neck were affected more by accidents. Main reasons of accidents found to be violations (24%) and human errors (19.6%). Private industries had high rate accidents, this showed less consideration on safety issues and lack of safety and health professionals in these places. Based on the findings preventive programs are essential and must be focused on training workers especially in the construction site.

Indoor air quality is a general concept that specifies to air quality of buildings and is related to health and relaxation in there. This index contains removal of all contaminants for example microbial, gas types, particles, etc., and suggests remedial approaches toward refreshing the building air and air circulation in these constructions. In this article we study Indoor Air Quality index (IAQ) in the central building of Ahvaz Jundishapur University. In this descriptive study 74 of personnel of central building were selected as the target group. This study was done in the shape of interview and questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of duration of cigarette abuse, respiration signs, etc. In this qualitative research dissatisfaction of indoor air quality, physiological signs such as eye irritation, chest pressure, etc., absence because of these signs, and going to the doctor's office were asked which in general 73% of personnel were dissatisfied and 27% were not. Indoor air quality in the central building has its special problems for instance; unsuitable ventilation, etc. that induces a set of physiological signs in personnel, which has caused the presence of some people to become hard in this building.

In addition to providing people with health care, medical science universities play a critical role in training skilled human forces required for different parts of the society. This calls for a constant review of medical staff and an attempt to eliminate the shortages. The aim of this study was to identify the barriers of electronic education development in the educational system of Ahvaz Jundi Shapoor University of Medical Sciences (AJUMS). This research was a descriptive field study conducted in year 2010-2011. The population involved the whole faculty members of AJUMS. The researchers prepared a questionnaire with a reliability of 96 % which was obtained through Cronbach's α, and its validity was confirmed by specialists in the field. As for the calculation of the results and ranking the barriers, Chi square test was employed. Data analysis was done by means of SPSS version 16. The findings of this research showed that the barriers, based on importance, include: Technological, Organizational, Managerial, Individual, and Pedagogic (evaluation, learner-centeredness, communication tools, flexibility, and the management of programs and resources). The studied factors were found to be among those which have influence on the development of e-learning in that institution; educational politician's efforts are required to remove the current obstacles.