نشریه پژوهشهای سیاسی جهان اسلام
سال دوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 2، بهار 1391)

The current age is named as the age of communication dominance. Doubtlessly, thebiggest part of information science about all of world issues is on the massmedias.Nowadays media have influenced on modern human identity by expansion ofgeographical, cultural and political border, in such a way that the modern humanidentity can be named media identity. Increase in the role of modern means of masscommunication in various parts of human life have caused to using them in differentgrounds. Although the media have a well – deserved role in create the strengthenand power points, sometimes medias are also effective in weakening of basicposition of society.Regarding to various functions of mass medias such as news and informationscience, creating the Social belonging and attachment, Supervision on the operationof power anatomy, providing of the grounds of public participation, and the generalsupervision on social system can avail a worthy position in creation, perfection andinstitutionalizing of indexes, and fundamental elements of political structure. newsmedia’s such as newspaper, magazine, book, radio, television, internet andsomething like them as one of important organization of society with the influencewhich have on ideas and opinion and the other aspects of human life, create socialand political facts for people which are the determiner of our view about the world. Contrary to schools, the other organizations, and the branches of human life, the Medias are comprehensive. The most important feature of medias is this that they are everywhere. Medias can form a classroom without wall which involved milliards audiences. medias undertake the protection duty of environment. medias under take the responsibility of transfer of social heritage from one generation to the next generation with making union among the society parts in removal of environmental needs. medias generate and enrich movement. activeness, and joy and also lassitude, laziness, and weakness. from one point. they excite the kindness, emotive and truth feelings, on the other hands, they revive the feeling of distrust, ugliness, enmity, lie, and violence. this function is naturally caused interior –behavioral contrarieties in social and individual scale.

It seems that geopolitics is the most important factor in Iran’s international and local evolutions. Iranians, in the line with political history, sometimes were the great global power as an empire, and sometimes were the local great power. For them, to be the great power in region, there are some causes that need to in mind. So opportunities in the path of being a great regional power are divided in two categories as such: initial opportunities, and evolutional opportunities. Beside these factors, there are some strategies that make the opportunities to be recognized in field. Among these strategies are: Two or multilateral agreements to prevent any offensive acts; Development of regional political unions; Focus on public diplomacy; Strengthening the Iranian lobbies; separations between Revolutionary and governmental affairs, and so on. It is important that in the vision of Islamic republic of Iran, cultural and religious affairs may help so much in realization of the regional goals.

The aim of thesis is checking cognition and knowledge rate about claims and citizen ship rights among the youth in sghez city. Political, social, cultural, economical relations have changed rapidly in the last de Cades, especially in the 1990s. And Iran has passed major transformation and changes. This transformation includes a large spectrum of fundamental changes and behavioral patterns, political culture, social communication, soon and they cause Iran society to be familiar with new claims, rights, challenge, responsibility and approach to pursue demands and claims. Method of this research is descriptive- analytical the data is Collected by Field study method questionnaire (according to likert scale) is used in this method. The obtained results show that the youth think that increase rate in political participation, civil instructions and guild, expression, intellect freedom, social justice, moral, Religion orbital and and in crease of social capital are effective in cognition, provenance and registration of the claims and citizen ship rights. And the type of gender and mass media in cognition and the provenance of the claims and citizenship rights are not effective.

Intellectualism placed religious Christian church supporters against scientific mankind achievements that led to deep challenge among religion, science and politics. This phenomenon and its western characteristics entered Iran during Ghajar dynasty and while confronting Iranian constitutional movement, it had the chance to rule out the society through intellectual ideas and opinions and enjoy the opportunities. In this article, western intellectualism and its specifications described and then its influence on Iranian constitutionalism movement as well as its challenges and opportunities articulated. Given these challenges and opportunities, one can concludes that although intellectuals brought up concepts like the rule of law, freedom, nationalism, etc and thereby helped to constrain Ghajar monarchies and decrease backwardness of the society, but their strong reliance and deep submission to west, lack of public base and most importantly their resistance and opposition toward clergies and Islam, actually formed one of the pillars of constitutionalism movement diversion and finally consolidated colonialism and established Reza Khan totalitarianism.

This article studies English school’s position in International Relations’ (IR) theories. The main goal of the article is to answer to this question: “Is the English School a paradigm shift in IR”? Answering this question, the author discusses about the history of English School in IR in four main periods. Then the main elements and nature and branches of English School have been studied. Through that the two approaches of solidarism and pluralism and their differences and similarities have been mentioned. Also the most important methodological aspect of English school has been discussed through explaining the differences among international society, international system and global society. The author places the English school of International relations via media between realism and idealism. To prove that theme, he explains the relations of the main factors of that School which are anarchy, order, balance of power etc with the mainstream’s concepts. Finally the author concludes that English School is a historical institutional approach in International relations which originated from realism and at last adjust some concepts of the mainstream and places between classical realism and classical liberalism. Because the English School does not have different ontological, epistemological and methodological concepts, we cannot recognize it as a paradigm shift in International Relations discipline.

Comprehending the reasons of Japanese success in rapid proceeding the modernization process entails an attempt to trace its historical background. Before the formation of Meiji modern state, Edo era as a mature traditional society at the threshold of transition to the modern age, from various aspects specifically the social one paved the way for the success of Japan`s modernization. Therefore Edo era as a period of utmost significance among other Japanese historical periods and tracing the socio-political origins of Japanese “sense of duty” as a behavior compatible with development and its ideological supports which was institutionalized in the form of moral values through the scholars` collision of ideas have been studied here.

Naming the regions and demarcating the boundaries of a land are not merely a neutral label to be pinned to a geographical region so much as a logic emanated from the research approaches to that region. That is, names of different regions should be regarded as “concepts” rather than “names.” Reciprocally, prevalent approaches in regional studies influence upon geographical demarcation and expansion of a research region as well as upon the conceptual weight of that region. “Middle East” is, in the prevalent approaches, one of the most subtle and complex regions of the world. This article is aimed at investigating the effects of titling this region on the prevalent approaches, on the one hand, and probing separately the Europocentric naming and ineffectual traditions of the Middle East studies, on the other. Middle East, as is known today, is synonymous to a security-based land of intense chaos, in which cultural elements are totally ignored. Whereas the Middle East studies, in their rudimentary form, were influenced by Orientalism, they are at present highly impacted by the tradition of international relations. Western secular epistemology, which has infiltrated in the nature of international relations, is unable to shed a glaring light on the region-related issues. An urgent revision in naming the research approaches was found to be indispensable in order to analyze the regional occurrences, after a glance was given to the contemporary evolutions of the region. The key question of the present article, toward which we are intending to proceed, is “What are the logics, standards, and criteria of defining a region, in general, and the region, in particular, in order to make possible a survey consistent with historical and cultural realities, present-day needs of the society, and the national institutions located thereon?” The alternate option offered by this study is the idea of “Western Asia” as a native, intrinsic concept, and the “Western Asia Studies” directed toward historical and cultural, added to security, political, and legal, studies.