نشریه اندیشه مدیریت راهبردی
سال ششم شماره 2 (پیاپی 12، پاییز و زمستان 1391)

The risk securitization process shows the relationship between insurance industry and capital markets. Securities resulting from this process have different kinds and are known as insurance-linked securities. These securities have created substantial benefits for the insurance industry and capital markets. In addition to increasing the insurance capacities and boosting the insurance companies’ financial and capital power, the securities will greatly improve the opportunity to gain return with a low correlation with the total capital market return, and diversify the portfolio.This study, after explaining the catastrophic bond (which is the most popular type of ILS) and the issuance mechanism of this security tries to answer whether in terms of Shiite jurisprudence the issuance of this security is possible. The Jurisprudential analysis presented in this paper was performed by using content analysis and deductive-analytical method. After introducing the main economic reasons and components of this instrument, the possibility of this security issuance in terms of Shiite jurisprudence is considered, and the jurisprudential and legal dimensions of this mechanism will become clearer.

This research presents a sequential procedure for the usage of participation contracts in Islamic microfinance. In the first stage, the borrower of the microfinance is provided with finance according to Islamic exchange contracts such as Morabeha, and in the second stage, with decreasing participation contract. The use of exchange contracts in the first stage provides the opportunity for microfinance institute to survey the borrowers’ strict adherence to the terms of contract and to determine those who are qualified for receiving finance in the second stage. The result of this research obtained by descriptive and analytical methods, shows that not only the use of sequential finance in Islamic microfinance institutes is possible, but also, it brings them quite a lot of advantages. The model presented in this study, piloted primarily and in a limited form in Sri-Lanka, provides the necessary bases for the establishment of Islamic microfinance institutes in Iran. In addition, the sequential model can bring about good lessons for banks and interest-free institutions working under the usury-free banking law in Iran.

Economic globalization and international financial markets in the past decades, has developed into a substantial investment opportunities that somehow all these opportunities with new and unique risks is depended. Investment world in the past two decades, witnessed many crises in the foreign debts of developing countries and economic inability this countries to repay the debt. Inability countries in performance of international finance undertaking under the economic and political factors, state conceptional analogical factory that in international finance economic named country risk.In addition, foreign direct investment, highly effective component in economic growth in developing countries is considered to be influenced by various factors, economic, political and social - including country risk is a key indicator. Study, while recognizing and providing a comprehensive definition of the concept of country risk and its assessment, to investigate the relationship between the attract foreign investment and effective factories examines the country risk and then concludes that there is between changes incountry risk and attract foreign investment, considerable significant negative correlation.

Changes in the world of technology indicate the growth of tech companies, especially Nano tech, in the global economy. However, the comparison of Iran’s technology situation with other countries shows the weakness of Iran’s Industry. One of the main effective criteria in the growth and expansion of these companies is investment volume. Because of the combination of risk and investment in every area, this essay is going to identify and prioritize investment risks in this industry through Delphi method.In brief, 23 effective factors in Nano tech investment risk were identified, which are classified in three categories: commercial risks, financial risks and political risks. Then they were prioritized through Friedman test technique. As a result of the study, it was shown that commercial risks were the most important risks. Then, in sequence, political risks and financial risks were in the next positions.

Process models in management studies are quite applicable and prevalent. They often tend to be developed on the basis of qualitative and subjective approaches. The purpose of this article is to show how to develop a prescriptive process model using a quantitative method. The process model discussed in this article is on robust strategy; one which is viable regardless of what scenario happens in the environment and can thrive in a variegated environment.Although there are different techniques for robust strategy, none of them are complete and comprehensive, so the main problem can be formulated as developing a stepwise comprehensive and applied process model for designing a robust strategy, which can in its turn be used for developing strategies that are viable and reasonable in different situation.To design the process model, first, various applicable techniques were identified: Robust Decision Making (RDM), Stakeholders Analysis (SA) and Stakeholders Based Strategic Planning, Assumption Based Planning (ABP), Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), Potential Problem Analysis (PPA), Solution Effect Analysis (SEA), Uncertainty Sensitive Planning (USP), Scenario Based Planning (SBP). Second, these techniques were combined by interpretive structural modeling. The result of research (initial process model) was fed into action research as an input. The model was applied in an organization. Action, observation and reflection phases were done. Then a consensus group was used to test the utility of resultant process model. This article tried to design and propose a mix method to design a process model that makes modeling process, repeatable, clear, transparent, testable and structured. The result of research is prescriptive process model of robust strategy that is supported by observation and individual and collective reflection phases of action research.

Every person experiences retirement period in his working career. This phenomenon has physical and mental consequences. The aim of this paper is to understand pensioners’ experience of retirement in the public sector aimed to gaining deep and rich insight about this phenomenon. This is a qualitative and interpretive study that is conducted through phenomenological research strategy. The data was collected by means of semi-structured interviews with 13 retirees. It was analyzed through Van Mannen method (thematic analysis). Research findings include three themes, namely “nature of retirement phenomenon”, “retirement outcome” and “encounter with retirement problems”. The findings reflect public sector retiree’s experience. The results indicate that the retirement phenomenon has two subsidiary themes which are “release” and “rejection”, resulting in unpleasant situations such as “economic problems”, “reduction of social dignity”, “health problems and disablement”, and “increasing leisure”. Retirees resort to strategies such as “closer relationship with God”, “finding another job to earn a living” and “doing non-business activities” for encountering with retirement outcomes.

Organizational commitment is one of the organizational attitudes that have always been of interest to behavioral sciences and management researchers because of its impact on important behavioral outcomes such as absenteeism, turnover and delay. Since the 1960s, from a single–level viewpoint, the influence of several factors, including job factors, demographic factors and structural factors, on organizational commitment has been studied; but the impact of behavioral variables on organizational commitment offered in a single model with a multilevel approach has received less attention. By adopting multilevel approach, this research has examined the impact of perceived organizational support, perceived organizational esteem and participation in decision making on organizational commitment in a cross – level model. Data was obtained from 461 faculty members of Tehran universities and was analyzed using HLM software version 6.08. The results indicate that the faculty’s perceived organizational support and perceived organizational esteem affect organizational commitment positively. In addition, the faculty’s participation in decision making has both a directly positive effect on organizational commitment, and a positively moderating effect on the relationship between perceived organizational support and organizational commitment as well as the relationship between perceived organizational esteem and commitment.