مجله مراقبت پرستاری و مامایی ابن سینا
سال بیستم شماره 2 (پیاپی 38، پاییز 1391)

Introduction &

It is important to identify the rate of burnout among emergency services staff because they are the first people who attend the emergency situations. This study was done to determine the operational staffs’ burnout in the Medical Emergency Services in Hamadan.

In this cross - sectional study، all 110 operational staff of the Emergency Medical Services in Hamadan were invited. Data gathering device was a questionnair with two parts of demographic characteristics and Maslach Burnout Inventory. Content and face validity of the questionnair were confirmed، and test-retest with r=. 88 and Cronbach''s alpha=. 84 showed its appropriate reliability.

In terms of frequency (repetition)، the mean score of emotional exhaustion was 20. 85 (±15. 00)، ie average، depersonalization was 7/87 (±5/97) ie average، and personal accomplishment was 22/73 (±7/95)، ie low. From the viewpoint of intensity، the mean score of emotional exhaustion was 24/96 (±17/10)، ie average، depersonalization was 11/85 (±9/48) and personal accomplishment was 28/34 (±16/10)، ie low.

The extent of the burnout in the operational staff of the Emergency Medical Services must be considered as an alarm by the managers and officials of the Emergency Services in Hamadan and the other provinces of Iran.

Introduction & Paying attention to oral health in the high-risk group of pregnant women is more crucial than others because of its effects on both mother and fetus health. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of structured educational programs on oral-hygiene behavior of pregnant women. In this quasi-experimental study، 130 pregnant women of Arak city were randomly put in the case and control groups (65 women in each group). Data collection devices were a questionnaire based on HBM and the pregnant women’s oral and dental health behavior. During one month، members of the case group took part in 4 sessions of educational classes and 3 months after the intervention، members of both case and control groups filled out the questionnaire and then the data was analyzed. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0. 05) in the mean scores of HBM variables in the case and control groups before and after the intervention. Before the intervention، the mean score of oral-hygiene behavior in the case group was 45 ±9. 2 that after the intervention and three months of follow-up reached to 77±9. 7 which showed a significant difference (p<0. 05). The results of this study showed that applying educational programs based on HBM model to oral and dental health behavior of pregnant women is very effective. In doing this program، control، monitoring and follow up educations are highly recommended.

Introduction & Since pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy of depression are symptomatic treatments، in this study we used 3 methods of drug therapy، group cognitive therapy and desensitization by reprocessing eye movements to compare the efficacy of the mentioned treatments in reducing depression in the Iranian veterans. In this quasi-experimental study، 60 veterans with upper than 25% damage were selected from among all those who were supported by Martyr foundation of the southern and southwestern areas of Tehran. The samples were randomly put in 4 groups of drug therapy، group cognitive therapy، desensitization by reprocessing eye movements and control. The first group، drug therapy group، took SSRIS antidepressants (Flyvkztyn، fluvoxamine and sertraline) or an effective dosage of a drug combination such as Litume. The second and third groups، once a week for two months، took part in structured classes which lasted 1/5 hours. The control group received no intervention. Data gathering device was depression questionnaire of Beck with 21 items. Data was analyzed by covariance analysis. Covariance analysis showed that after adjusting pretest scores، there was a significant difference in the mean scores of the groups at post test (001/0 = p، 590/12 = (55، 3) F). Examining the adjusted mean scores revealed the superiority of desensitization by reprocessing eye movements in reducing depression over the two methods of drug therapy and group cognitive therapy. Drug therapy and group cognitive therapy had the same effect against depression. Compared with control group، symptoms of depression in experiment groups had greater reduction at post-test. The results of the study demonstrated that drug therapy، group cognitive therapy and desensitization by reprocessing eye movements are effective in reducing depression in veterans.

Introduction & The quality of life in asthmatic patients is affected by different factors including lack of knowledge about the disease. This study was designed to investigate the effects of the compliance-based education model on asthmatic patient’s quality of life. In this quasi-experimental study، 70 patients who had referred to Besat outpatient clinic in Kerman were selected as samples and randomly divided into experiment and control groups. Members of the experiment group took part in four sessions of group education، each lasted 2 hours while the control group received no intervention. Both groups of the patients، before and eight week safter the intervention، filled out the questionnaire of asthmatic patients’ quality of life designed by Marks et al in 1992. Data was analyzed by SPSS / 16 software. Before the intervention، the total mean scores of the quality of life in the experiment and control groups were 34/7 and 32/85 respectively. After the intervention the figures reached to 27/1 and 32/82 that was a statistically significant difference. Based on the results of this study، after the education the quality of life in the experiment group had improved significantly while there wasn’t seen such a difference in the control group. Also the mean score of the quality of life in the experiment group compared with the control group was significantly better (P<0/05). The results of this study showed that educating asthmatic patients with compliance based model can improve the quality of their lives، therefore health care team specially the nurses can use this model while taking care of patients with asthma.

Introduction & Sleep disorder is a common problom in the general populationand is associated with general health status. The purpose of this study was to determine the comorbidity of sleep disorder and general health in Hamedan. This study was a descriptive cross – sectional one. The participants were 1800 adults who were selected by cluster sampling in Hamadan in 1389. Data was collected by a questionnaire with 3 parts of A- demographic factors، B- questions related to sleep disturbances and C- GHQ-28 questionnaire Prevalence of sleep disorder in participants was 23. 32% while 29. 56% of them were suspected with health problem، so there was a statistically significant relationship between general health and sleep disorder Sleepis one of thebasicpsychological needs of humans and sleep disorder can threatour generalhealth. Therefore paying attention to sleep health will be effective in providing our physical and mental health.

Introduction &

Stress and perceived threats in the workplace are global phenomena in nursing. Psychological empowering can act as a buffer against stress and improve the quality of the provided care. This study was designed to explain theoretically the psychological empowering of Iranian clinical nurses.

In this qualitative study fourteen nurses and four head-nurses from hospitals connected with Orumieh University of medical sciences were selected through purposive sampling. Data was collected by deep interview with semi-structural questions. Finally data was analyzed using the conventional qualitative content analysis.

Data analysis resulted in the emergence of three main themes of self-assistance، management behaviors، self-efficacy and eight related sub themes. Nurses empowered themselves psychologically by integrating the three mentioned themes.

Psychological empowering is a dynamic and multi-dimensional concept with a complex nature which is influenced by personal and managing measures. With adopting empowering and supportive behavior and with creating opportunity for growth and professional development of nurses، managers can ensure their staff''s psychological empowerment which can lead to the improvement of the quality of their provided care. Nursing instructors and teachers by instructing self-empowering methods can train efficient workforces who are resistant against workplace stress.

Introduction &

Breastfeeding is the best method of baby feeding. This study was done to determine the reasons of breastfeeding cessation in children under one year old whose mothers had referred to health care centers in Hamadan.

This case- control study was conducted in Hamadan in 2008 on mothers who had children under one year old. 130 mothers who had stopped breastfeeding were in the case group and 149 mothers who had continued breastfeeding were in the control group. Data gathering device was a questionnaire with two parts Data analysis was done by descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS 16.

The findings showed that 32. 3% and 41. 6% of mothers in the case and control group were between 26-30 years old and 28. 5% and 35. 5% of fathers in the case and control group were between 31-35. 80% and 83. 9% of mothers in the case and control group were housekeepers. 54. 7% and 51% of fathers in the case and control group were self-employed. In terms of education، 34. 6% of mothers and 28. 5% of fathers in the case group and 34. 2% of mothers and 35. 5%of fathers in the control group had high school diploma. This study showed that the distance between home and the mothers’ work place (p=0. 04) and inadequacy of milk supply (p< 0. 001) are some of the mother-related factors of breastfeeding cessation، while lack of weighting (p=0. 03) and being twins (p< 0. 001) are among child-related factors. Also from among demographic variables، parents’ education level had a positive relationship with breastfeeding cessation) p= 0. 006).

It is needed to provide a supportive environment and to make education programs for inexperienced mothers to help them continue breastfeeding.

Introduction & Today، one of the most important social matters in different societies is psychological disorders، specially depression among adolescents for this reason، a study was considered under “comparative survey of depression among chronic diseases and healthy adolescences of Hamadan city”. This research is a descriptive-Analytic study. the research population Children in Hamadan city whole of Chronic Disease''s adolescences groups. Sampling method of this research includes simple Census method from patient with 11-18 adolescences years range of age، who have therapeutic follow-up chart in Chronic Disease Center (one hundered twenty seven person). Control group was selected by cluster sampling from fourth geographic areas of Hamadan city high schools (one hundred forty nine). Data is gatheried through scale standard “Beck” assessment tools for depression & interview and data analysis were performed by Spss (Version. 16(. 55. 1% of sick children categorized in norm ratio، whereas in chronic disease adolescences was (%58. 1). The results was indicated that mild depression among sick (%37)، even though in chronic disease adolescences was (%34. 5) and no significant different between two groups was seen (P=0. 73). Between sex & depression significant difference was seen (p=0. 0377)، Suffering adolescent female samples in mild & moderate depression in case group was more than males (%60. 5 against %37). Alsoin adolescent group chronic disease between type disease & degree depression، significant different was not seen (P>0. 05). Between depression''s degree in two groups were not seen significant difference.