فصلنامه مطالعات تجربی حسابداری مالی
پیاپی 33 (بهار 1391)

In this research, the relationship between earnings management and forecasted earnings in TSE’s listed companies has been studied. For this purpose, discretionary current accruals are used as a proxy of earnings management. In the first hypothesis the relationship between earnings management and forecasted earnings in highly earnings managing firms (both income-decreasing and ncome-increasing) with using cross-sectional regression method during the 2003-2008 is examined and in the second hypothesis pool regression is used to estimate abnormal rate of return for these firms for 24 months after the earnings announcement. Finally the mean of abnormal rate of return for these firms is compared by using comparison mean test. Findings show a positive and meaningful relation between earnings management and forecasted earnings in the highly earnings managing firms (both income-decreasing and income-increasing). The mean of abnormal return in highly earnings managing down firms (income-decreasing) is more than in highly earnings managing up firms (income-increasing).

The main goal of this research is to study of making parallel strategies between education content of whom are studying to get BA degree of accounting in universities and colleges and business requirements of Iranian entities. This is because of making consistency between educational programsand economical environment in order to preparing accounting gaduates according to economical environment. The population of research is included of lecturers, students and profession staff. To have access to research goals, seven hypotheses have been assigned and required information has beencollected by questionnaire. The results essay that among all causes and strategies, using information technology and separation of accounting into sub majors such as financial accounting, industrial accounting, governmental accounting and etc. have caused to reduce the gap between current education system at the level of BA and environment requirements of Iranian entities andthese mentioned subjects have had significant differences additionally. Moreover, according to respondents’ issues, results suggest that, novitiate period no effects influence in reducing the gap.

Executives and supervisory officer of most large bodies of public sector, e.g., the Government and municipalities are elected by citizens, either directly or indirectly. Therefore, in democratic societies, citizens’ authority is vested in their proxies. Along these lines and according to agency theory as well asstewardship theory, citizens as the primary holder of resources are entitled to hold their proxies accountable and the proxies must be accountable as well. Accountability lies at the heart of democratic societies, municipalities being no exception. Besides, auditing as a supervisory tool guarantees accountability. Auditing triangle includes auditing committee, internal auditor, and externalauditor that accomplish and evaluate accountability mechanisms and corporate governance.The main purpose of the present research was investigating the necessity of the establishment of auditing committee and internal auditing unit on promoting the level of accountability of metropolises’ municipalities. To do this, questionnaires were utilized to elicit experts’ views regarding the issue.Participants included two groups, a) financial managers, heads of accounting units, internal auditing managers, as well as municipalities’ independent and internal auditors, and b) faculty members of accounting departments and postgraduate students. The results indicated that the establishment of auditing committee and internal auditing unit in metropolises’ municipalities will resultin promoting the level of accomplishment and evaluation of their financial and operational accountability.

This study examines the relationship between proposed restatement of the financial reports, earnings management and earnings quality of the firms listed on Tehran Stock Exchange. Therefore, using the modified Jones model, discretionary accruals is considered as a criterion for diagnosis of earningsmanagement. Also, the persistence of earnings used as an indicator for the earnings quality. The statistical population of this study is the companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period between 1383 till 1388 and 211 companies in 10 industries has been investigated. The findings of this study suggest that there is a significant relationship between the proposed restatementof the financial reports and earnings management and type of this relationship shows that with an increasement in proposed restatement of the financial reports, the earnings management (the level of discretionary accruals) has been increased. Also, the findings show that there is a significant relationship between the proposed restatement of the financial reports and earnings quality.The type of this relationship shows that with an increasement in proposed restatement of the financial reports, the earnings quality (the persistence of earnings) will decline.

Measuring the cost of Equity is important in investment decisions. This studyfocuses on the prediction power of cost of capital using cluster analysis. For this,consist with previous studies, the most important variables affecting cost of Equity,such as earnings persistent, earnings relevance, conservatism, Value and Growthstock, liquidity, size, leverage, earnings variation and net profit margin relating thefirms were used for clustering. The study sample included 101 companies listed inTehran Stock Exchange during years 1385 to 1389. Cluster analysis and linearregression (OLS) were used to test the hypothesis. The mentioned year-firms(including 505 year-firms) were clustered using cluster analysis, and the betawas estimated for each year-firm. The research hypothesis was thentested using linear regression. The results of the tests revealed that regarding thesimilarity between the variables of earnings persistent, earnings relevance,conservatism, Value and Growth stock, liquidity, size, leverage, earnings variationand net profit margin relating the firms, there is a possibility to predict 18 to 20 % offirms’ beta.

This study examines the association between corporate attributes and timeliness of interim financial reporting by a sample of 162 non-financial companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) from 1384 to 1388. Interim reporting lead time has been used as a surrogate for timeliness. The corporate attributes include size, age, profitability, growth, leverage and share trading volume. Descriptive statistics indicate the reporting lead time is 99 days, on average, which is longer than deadline set by TSE. The multiple linear regression method has been used to check the association of the independent variables with reporting lead time. The results of research show that corporate attributes namely, size of a firm and profitability significantly influence the reporting lead time of companies. Rest of the variables namely, age of a firm, growth, leverage and share trading volume could not significantly influence the reporting lead time during the years of study. The findings may provide some implications for future regulations and research regarding the timeliness of financial reporting in Iran.

Many empirical studies have lunched on the capital structure; however, a new branch of capital structure, debt maturity structure has not yet attracted as much attention. The objective of this research is the investigation about the affecting factors on debt maturity structure from the approaches of agency costs and the leverage theories in companies listed in Tehran Exchange Stock. To obtain thisobjective, we selected 143 companies from the statistical population which had necessary information for the 9 year period of the research (2001 - 2009). To examine the research hypotheses, Panel Data has been employed. For the test of research model significance t and F statistics were used. The findings indicate that there are positive relationship between debt maturity structure and firm size, asset tangibility and firm growth opportunities, in the whole sample. Furthermore, there is no relationship between financial leverage and debt maturity structure.