فهرست مطالب

Medical Journal Of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Volume:27 Issue: 2, Summer 2013

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1392/02/03
  • تعداد عناوین: 9
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  • Ali Akbar Abdollahi, Mostafa Qorbani, Hamid Asayesh, Aziz Rezapour, Mehdi Noroozi, Mohammad Ali Soleimani, Hossain Ansari Page 50
    Background
    Considering the physical, emotional and psychological complications of early or delayed menopause on women`s life, it is necessary to determine associated factors of menopause age. This study designed to determine menopausal age and associated factors in women of Gorgan, i.e. the capital of Golestan province in the north-east of Iran.
    Methods
    In this cross-sectional study, 804 menopausal women in Gorgan were selected via two-stage sampling method in 2009. The study included only women who had undergone natural menopause and had their last menstrual bleeding at least one year before. Data were gathered through structured questionnaire that included individual characteristics, socioeconomic characteristics, menstrual and fertility characteristics and climacteric complaints. Socioeconomic status was defined using principal component analysis. Data were analyzed with T-student’s and ANOVA tests using SPSS version 16 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA) for Windows.
    Results
    The mean menopause age was 47.6±4.45 years with the median age of 48 years. The mean menopause age in women with first pregnancy before 30 years (47.58±4.47years), without pregnancy (46.26±4.90years) and without delivery (46.30±4.47years) was significantly lower than others (p<0.01). The mean menopause age was lower in single women (46.6±2.80 years), with low income level (47.7±4.39years) and smokers (47.6±4.45years) compared to others; but these differences were not statistically significant (p> 0.05). Socioeconomic status was not associated significantly with menopause age (p>0.05).
    Conclusion
    This study illustrated that menstrual and fertility factors have influence on menopausal age while socioeconomic factors were not effective.
    Keywords: Menopausal age, socioeconomic status, Menstrual factors, Fertility factors, Climacteric complains, Iran
  • Seyed Ali Javad Moosavi, Hanieh Raji, Baharak Tasorian, Elyas Mostafapour, Shahab Shahabi, Mohammad Purfakharan, Seyed, Mohammad Fereshtehnejad Page 57
    Background
    There is little evidence about the role of Zafirlukast (a highly selective LTD4 antagonist) in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). The Zafirlukast can reduce the need for short-acting rescue β2 agonists, produce fewer exacerbations of asthma and increased quality of life as possible benefits treatment for asthma. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of Zafirlukast improvement of lung function in patients with COPD.
    Methods
    Twenty five patients with moderate to severe COPD, in stable phase of the disease, participated in this interventional, quasi-experimental study. All patients were received 40 mg oral Zafirlukast per day for 2 weeks. Pulmonary function Test was performed both at the baseline and at the end of the study. Data were analyzed with paired t-test using SPSS v.16.
    Results
    The mean age of the patients was 67.29 (SD=5.56) years with the mean baseline for forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1) equal to 41.79% (SD=14.96) of predicted value. After 2 weeks, the mean improvements in forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1 and FEV1/FVC were 4.75% (SD=13.18), 3.71% (SD=9.19) and 9.33(SD=27.08), respectively. Zafirlukast produced a non-significant (p>0.05) bronchodilation, with maximum mean increase in FEV1 of 0.04 lit (3%) above baseline.
    Conclusion
    Results showed that Zafirlukast has no considerable bronchodilatory effect in COPD. Present study consisted of a very short treatment period and it is possible that the extension of this period could possibly have more effects. Additional larger studies are needed to verify the impact of leukoterien receptor antagonists on improving the lung function in COPD patients.
    Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), Pulmonary Function Test, Zafirlukast
  • Davood Jafari, Hooman Shariatzade, Farid Najd Mazhar, Behzad Abbasgholizadeh, Ahmad Dashtebozorgh Page 62
    Background
    The hand and wrist bones are infrequent sites for osteoid osteoma, and its diagnosis can be difficult. This paper reports 25 cases of osteoid osteoma in the hand and wrist.
    Methods
    Records of the 25 patients who had pathological conditions of osteoid osteoma of the hand and wrist were reviewed and analyzed.
    Results
    Twenty-five cases of osteoid osteoma of the hand and wrist were treated in 20 years period. The average age was 25.2±7.6 years (range, 16 to 46 years) with men to women and right to left side ratio of 5.25 and 4 respectively. The most common site was in the proximal phalanx (ten cases). The diagnosis was made using x-rays, three- phase Technetium bone scans, CT, and MRI and all the diagnoses were confirmed by histological examination. The average time from the onset of symptom to successful treatment was 16.3±11.1 months, and at a mean follow-up of 36.6±46.9 mouths. Five recurrences of disease took place in which three of them were operated elsewhere. All five patients subsequently were treated and cured by reoperation.
    Conclusion
    Osteoid osteoma is relatively rare lesions in the hand and wrist that can be a persistent source of hand and wrist pain. Patients under age of 40 who have otherwise unexplained pain should be evaluated.
    Keywords: Wrist, Hand, Tumor, Osteoid osteoma
  • Fateme Navab Motlagh, Mostafa Rostami, Anita Emrani, Hamidreza Yazdi, Mohammadreza Keyhani Page 67
    Background
    Biomechanical factors are known to be important in knee osteoarthritis (OA) development and progression. This study was designed to determine changes of hamstrings muscle activation, knee adduction moment and ankle rotation angle in two knee osteoarthritis (mild and moderate) and a healthy control group.
    Methods
    16 females (10 with mild and 6 with moderate medial knee osteoarthritis) and 10 control matched females were recruited. A 3D gait analysis was performed on the subjects while they walked along the walkway. Electromyography data was also collected during gait from lateral and medial hamstrings. Post Hoc Tukey HSD (multi comparison) was performed to compare knee adduction moment, ankle rotation angle and medial and lateral hamstrings activity at early and late stance, between three groups.
    Results
    Ankle rotation angle, knee adduction moment and lateral hamstrings activation showed no significant difference between three groups. Interestingly, medial hamstrings activity was significantly higher at late stance in moderate group compared with asymptomatic and mild groups (p =0.03, 0.02 respectively). Also knee adduction moment at late stance was significantly and directly correlated with ankle rotation angle, and lateral hamstrings activity at early stance was significantly and inversely correlated with this angle.
    Conclusions
    It can be concluded that, increased lateral hamstrings activity can increase external ankle rotation and consequently decrease knee adduction moment.
    Keywords: Knee osteoarthritis, Gait, Knee adduction moment, Hamstrings activation, Ankle rotation
  • Seyed Mansour Razavi, Mojgan Karbakhsh, Payman Salamati Page 83
    The main aim in this study was to collect the experiences of Iranian researchers about sulfur mustard (SM) and provide a guideline for the prevention of abuse for this dangerous agent. We searched valid national and international databases using related key words in the two languages. We found 193 articles which had been published in medical journals. Among them, 25 articles had some implications about prevention measures. In this study, we have mentioned 8 preventive points before the attacks, 10 points during and 2 points afterwards, we also found 12 points for the prevention of people who were exposed with SM and suffering from respiratory, ocular, dermatologic and psychological complications. In conclusion, most of the published studies on chemical war victims in Iran are focused on diagnosis and treatment of late SM-induced complications. Hence, a research should be conducted separately in relation to the prevention.
    Keywords: Mustard gas, Chemical warfare, Prevention, control, Wounds, Injuries
  • Davood Jafari, Hooman Shariatzade, Farid Najd Mazhar, Behzad Abbasgholizadeh, Ahmad Dashtebozorgh Page 91
    Preaxial polydactyly is the most common duplication pattern in white and Asian populations (1). It is a congenital anomaly with a wide range of manifestations. Current classification do not have the capacity to classify all different types of radial polydactyly. We describe here a very rare and unusual case of bilateral preaxial polydactyly (triplication) in a woman and report the operations results. We have not found similar case in the literature. Our case is unique and did not fit into the classification systems described for thumb polydactyly.
    Keywords: Congenital Anomaly, Preaxial polydactyly, Thumb, Triphalangeal, Triplication
  • Noori., Kiran Naeem, Farhatulain Ahmed, Shamila Yasir Page 95
    Non–Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) causes many deaths worldwide with increasing incidence. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) may involve the gynecologic tract, and the ovary to be one of the commoner anatomic sites as reported. Ovarian involvement by NHL is usually secondary, occurring as a part of systemic disease. The diagnosis is often made incidentally while investigating for gynecological symptoms. We report an interesting case of NHL in a 35 year old female, who primarily presented with acute abdomen disease with secondary ovarian and cervical involvement and occult extra-ovarian disease.
    Keywords: Cervix, Ovary, Lymphoma, NHL
  • Hamed Ramezani Awal Riabi, Reza Ahmadi, Mohammad Salem Rezaei, Ali Reza Atarodi Page 99