مجله پژوهش های علوم شناختی و رفتاری
سال دوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 3، پاییز و زمستان 1391)

This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of gestalt therapy and cognitive -behavioral therapy on assertiveness in middle school students. This study was a pre-post test experimental design. By cluster sampling between schools in Sharyar two schools were selected randomly. After conducting Gambrel and Rigy Questionnaire, 30 students were selected and assigned to three groups randomly. 8 sessions of gestalt therapy were implemented for one group and 8 sessions of cognitive- behavioral therapy were implemented for another group. The control group received no intervention. ANCOVA and Post hoc LSD Test were applied to analyze data. ANCOVA showed significant differences between groups. Post hoc LSD Test showed significant difference between the control group and the gestalt therapy and between the control group and cognitive -behavioral therapy group(P≤0/01), but there was no significant difference between the gestalt therapy and the cognitive- behavioral therapy group. Both gestalt therapy and cognitive- behavioral therapy had increased the assertiveness.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between internet addiction and anxiety in personality types A and B and investigate the predictive validity of these two variables and their interaction with gender in predicting internet addiction. Another goal of the study was to determine the effect of the type of university on internet addiction. The refore, 330 subjects (167, boys and 163girls) were randomly selected through multiphase cluster sampling from Urmia Universities. ther the Young internet addiction questionnaires, (1999) Najarean anxiety test (1378), and personality type test (kangy, 1380) were administered to the subjects. The results revealed that the personality type A subjects have more internet addiction than type B, individuals. But personality types A&B are not significant predictor of internet addiction. Anxiety scores were significant predictors of Internet addiction (p<0.005). The difference found between the rate of internet addiction in male students (2/85) and female students (8/14) was significant and the difference between students groups of five universities in their internet addiction was also signifieant (p<0.005). It is suggested that anxious individualswao use internet act cautiously. Lack of control of economic and social conditions of users were the limitations of this study.

Mindfulness as a base of psychological treatments is sustained monitoring of current conditions. The purpose of the presented study was to investige the relationship between mindfulness and sustained and selective attention. In this cross - sectional study, 40 students of Tehran University were selected. As the research tools, Stroop test, Continuous Performance Test (CPT), and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) were used. Findings showed that with reduction of error and reaction time, mindfulness is increased. This finding was significant for the reaction time of continuous performance Test. Based of the findings, mindfulness isnot related to selective attention but is related to sustained attention. This could be interpreted that mindfulness is a continuing monitoring of current conditions.

The present study aimed of investigating the relationship between psychological capital and organizational commitment of university of Isfahan professors. Therefore, 106 professors were randomly chosen out of 463 individuals for the sample. The Luthans et.al (2007) standard questionnaire was used to analyze the psychological capital. The reliability of this questionnaire was validated through Cronbach Alpha coefficient (0.77). The Allen and Meyer’s questionnaire was used to analyze the organizational commitment. The reliability of this questionnaire was validated through Cronbach Alpha coefficient (0.70) as well. Data analysis was done through concurrent regression in order to predict the effects of psychological capital components (self-efficiency, self-confidence, hopefulness, optimism and flexibility) on organizational commitment components (normative, continuance and affective commitment). The results of the study indicated that the hopefulness and self-efficiency/self-confidence variables could significantly predict the affective commitment (p Keywords: psychological capital, self–efficacy, hopefulness, optimism, flexibility, organizational commitment