Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery
Volume:7 Issue: 1, Summer-Autumn 2012

To provide a reference anatomy of the thoracic cavity vessels of the Rayini goat by using Computed tomography. Design: Experimented study. Animals- Five healthy Rayini goat. Procedures: Spiral CT images (with and without contrast media) were acquired from the thoracic region perpendicular to long axis of the body. CT windows were adjusted as necessary to have optimized images of the vessels. The images were studied serially and compared anatomically with two dissected goat. Caudal and cranial vena cavae, descending aorta, brachiocephalic and subclavian arteries, costocervical and azygos veins, internal thoracic vessels and pulmonary trunk, arteries and veins were distinguished and addressed according to the thoracic vertebrae as landmarks.Conclusions and clinical relevance: Identification of the thoracic vessels, their precise position and related structures is important in therapeutic or experimental surgery of this region. Moreover differential diagnosis of space filled abnormalities need to know the anatomy of normal structures. This is the first study which is addressing thoracic vessels of a ruminant by using CT modality.

to investigate classification and possible causes of dulaa disorders and effect of surgical removal on male sexual desire.Animals: Twenty six male camels (age=6-13years) with dulaa injuries were admitted to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia. Sixteen camels showed signs of protruding, fluctuating and edematous dulaas. Other ten camels showed signs of completely entrapped dulaas.Procedures: Under deep sedation and local infiltration anesthesia, injured dulaa was surgically amputated. Entrapped dulaa was gently pulled out before performing surgery. Amputated protruded dulaa had ulcers, edema and hematoma. Entrapped dulaa had ulcers, impaction with food, fibrosis and penetrating wounds. None of the operated males showed reducing sexual desire 4 weeks after the operation.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: It was concluded that injured dulaa was either protruded or entrapped. Sharpness of canine teeth may play a role of having dulaa injury in camels, so it is recommended to perform teeth rasping annually just before the reproductive season. Amputation of dulaa had no effect on male sexual desire indromedary camels.

The aim of this study was to investigate if three-dimensional power Doppler (3DPD) ultrasound (US) can detect bacterial cystitis in dogs better than two-dimensional (2D) US.Animals: Six mixed breed dogsProcedures: Ten ml of 0.1% alcoholic solution of salicylic acid was entered into theurinary bladder of six male mixed-breed dogs by catheter. Twenty four hours later, culture solution of Proteus mirabilis (103CFU /ml) was inoculated into the urinary bladder. The dogs were examined with complete blood and urine analysis and bacteriological culture on specified days during the infection and the treatment period. The urinary bladders of dogs were assessed by both 3DPD and 2D US techniques. All dogs were treated with therapeutic doses of Ceftriaxone for two weeks, 14 days after the infection. results showed that 3DPD can better define the morphological and vascular characteristics of cystitis; 1 however, the main lesions were identified by both 2D and 3DPD US.Clinical Significance: The data showed that, the indicators of 3DPD can differentiate the disease acuteness and treatment response better than 2D US.

The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of two NSAIDs, meloxicam and ketoprofen in controlling post-operative pain following ovariectomy in rats.Study design: Experimental studyAnimals: Twenty one healthy and adult female Sprague-Dawley rats weighting approximately 200 gr. Intramuscular injection of the combination of xylazine (10 mg/kg) and ketamine (75 mg/kg) was used to induce general anesthesia in all rats. Then the selected rat was assigned for a group prior to surgery in the following order: Group A, received no extra analgesic, group B, received subcutaneous injection of 5 mg/kg ketoprofen at the time of induction of anesthesia and group C received subcutaneous injection of 2 mg/kg meloxicam (7.5 mg/ml) at the time of induction of anesthesia. Then ovariectomy was performed through two dorso-lateral abdominal incisions. Score of pain at 2, 4 and 24 hours after the surgery using VAS, serum levels of cortisol and CPK at 2 hours after the surgery were evaluated in all rats. The score of pain was significantly different in group A, compared to group B and C (P=0). Also the concentration of cortisol was significantly increased in all groups following the surgery. This increase was significant in group A compared to group B and C (P<0.05). Although CPK concentration was increased significantly in all groups after the surgery, no significant correlation was found among groups. It is concluded that either meloxicam or ketoprofen have similar effects in controlling pain following ovariectomy in rats.

To consider the use of renal scintigraphic evaluation of kidney function in Persian cat and make a comparison between 99mTechnetium ethylenedicysteine and 9 mTechnetium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic in renal scintigraphy.Design: Descriptive studyAnimals: 6 male healthy adult Persian cats - no clinical sign of renal disorders and prior to presentation.Procedure: The scintigraphy of right and left kidney using Gamma camera (Piker Model) and 9 mTc-EC and 99mTc-DTPA as radiopharmaceuticals. Peak activity percentage (% PA), peak time (Tmax), half emptying-time (T1/2), total and individual GFR and flow and function time activity curves (TACs) are the determined parameters in this evaluation. % PA, Tmax and T1/2 in left and right kidney for 99mTc-EC and 99mTc-DTPA respectively, were 49/86 %, 50/1 %, 11/3 min, 11/5 min, 4/4 min, 4/6 min and 51/27 %, 49/05 %, 7/7 min, 8/3 min, 3 min, 3/43 min. Moreover the quantities of total and individual GFR for left and right kidney measured by 99mTc DTPA measured by modified Gates technique respectively, were 125/69 ml/min, 64/42ml/min 51/26 %), 61/24ml/min (48/73 %) and were in normal range defined by Gates technique.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance: normal indices obtained for listed parameters and total and individual GFR quantities can play a major role in order to diagnose kidney disorder or function deterioration and can be a background and specialized knowledge conducive to future studies. Also comparison of two radiopharmaceuticals 99mTc-EC and 99mTc-DTPA showed that 99mTc DTPA scintigraphy has the superiority to assess the quantities of total and individual GFR so we can use 99mTc-DTPA to evaluate Glomerular filtration rate in both kidneys.

Release of free radicals and oxidants following increased temperature of testis in cryptorchidism, play an important role in the producing testicular damage. The present study investigated the role of vitamin C as an antioxidant in protecting the testis against damage in experimental unilateral cryptorchidism.Design: Experimental studyAnimals: Forty five male adult Wistar–Albino rats Procedures: Animals were divided into three groups. The control group had intact rats, the cryptorchid group had unilateral cryptorchid rats in left testis and the treatment group had unilateral cryptorchid rats in left testis that it received vitamin C at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneal, every other day, during experimental period. Epididymis samples were obtained from both testes of five cases of 15 animals of each group at 15, 30 and 60 days after induction of cryptorchidism and testicular weight/body weight ratio and epididymal sperm characteristics (sperm concentration, sperm motility and sperm viability) were evaluated. Testicular weight/body weight ratio and sperm quality of the cryptorchid (left) testes in cryptorchid group significantly decreased compared to the control group (p<0.05), and treatment with vitamin C not significantly improved these parameters of these testes compared to the cryptorchid group (p>0.05). In addition, the left testes on unilateral cryptorchid rats had noticeable adverse effects on the sperm quality parameters of scrotal (right) testes (p<0.05), and treatment with vitamin C after 60 days, significantly improved all sperm quality parameters of these testes compared to the cryptorchid group (p<0.05).Conclusion and clinical relevance: It can be concluded that although treatment with vitamin C has few positive effect on sperm quality of cryptorchid testes, but it can significantly improve these parameters in scrotal testes on unilateral cryptorchid rats. Therefore it may be useful for treatment of cryptorchidism outcomes in male animals.

to evaluate both in-vivo and in-vitro antibacterial property of Aloe vera.L fresh gel.Design: experimental study.Animals: five adult male mixed breed dogs aged 2-4 years. Procedures: for in-vivo experiment, under general anesthesia and sterile condition 8 symmetrical full-thickness wounds measured 2 cm×2 cm were surgically created on the back of each dogs on 0, 7, 13 and 21 days of study. After wound creation, 1 ml fluid contains 105 CFU Staphylococcus aureus was inoculated on each wound. Right wounds in all dogs were covered with 1 ml Aloe vera fresh gel whereas the left wounds were not received any treatment. Antibacterial activity of Aloe vera gel was evaluated on days 7, 15, 21 and 28 by wound biopsies. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was applied for invitro evaluation. For this purpose, measurement of inhibition zone of Aloe vera gel was compared to some commercially available antibiotic discs. no significant differences were seen by counting viable bacteria between the treatment and control wounds at the particular days of the period study (P > 0.05). The gel inhibited the growth of S.aureus by appearance of 12 mm inhibitory zone.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Aloe vera has antibacterial property against S.areus.

Case Description: A three-day-old male Kordi lamb had a soft painless fluctuating mass on the mid-parietal region, with no clinical signs except difficulty in standing; was referred to the clinic.Clinical Clinical examination revealed a normal body temperature, a heart rate, a respiratory rate, and inability to stand without any congenital defects Three-dimensional computed tomography (3DCT) of the skull following radiology and ultrasonography revealed an elliptical defect in the left side of the median parietal line of the skull. Treatment and Outcome- Unfortunately, before surgery the lamb died. Postmortem findings of meningocele exactly confirmed what was shown with 3DCT technique.Clinical Relevance:The present clinical case of meningocele is the first report of cranium bifidum at the left parietal bone in a lamb, using this diagnostic imaging technique.

Case Description: In this clinical report, occurrence of a rare case of canine cutaneous inverted papilloma was discussed. A 4-year-old, intact, male German shepherd dog was presented with multiple skin lesions, located on the inguinal region near the root of penis, which have been progressively growing since two months ago. In close examination of the lesions multiple, firm, painful, and cup-shaped nodules in different sizes with a central pore filled with keratin were observed. Treatment and Outcome: Surgical excision and histological evaluation was done. Histologically this tumor was characterized by endophytic projections of the epidermis extending into dermis.Cytopathic effects included ballooning degeneration of keratinocytes, koilocytosis, irregularity of keratohyalin granules, and margination of nuclear chromatin. Numerous eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions were present within keratinocytes of endophytic lesion. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were intensely positive for pancytokeratin. On the basis of histopathological and clinical findings, the tumor was diagnosed as multiple cutaneous inverted papilloma. There was no recurrence or any other complications in post operative monitoring.Clinical Relevance: Inverted papillomas are relatively uncommon in dogs; whereas, the incidence of this tumor in the inguinal region is uncommon. Treatment of inverted papilloma was completed by surgical excision in ablating the tumor masses and preventing re-growth.

Case Description: A ten-year-old neutered female terrier dog was referred to the Tehran- Azma Veterinary Diagnostic Center for history of too late recovery too late after ovariohysterectomy.Clinical Blood chemical laboratory tests revealed high serum BUN, maximum concentration of creatinine and decreased of serum albumin. Sonographically, there was an anechoic cyst-like structurein the right side of the bladder trigone. The abnormality appeared to be a “cyst within a cyst”, which is a characteristic ultrasonographic feature of ureterocele in humans.Treatment and Outcome: The case referred to surgery section and underwent total right kidney dissection and ureterocele tearing. Clinical Relevance: An ureterocele is a congenital cystic dilation of the submucosal portion of the distal ureter and ultrasonography is a useful means of diagnosis of urogenital disease and disorders.