Jundishapur Journal of Health Sciences
Volume:5 Issue: 1, Mar 2013

Nursing Manpower plays a key role in the quality of care and health promotion. So considering efficient and qualified nursing units is necessary for any health care organization without which they can’t survive long. This study was aimed to estimate the Nursing Manpower required by the Imam Khomeini and Razi Hospitals affiliated with Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in Accordance with Standards of the Ministry of Health. Methods and Materials: This research is a cross sectional study which was accomplished in the Selected Hospitals of Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (Imam Khomeini and Razi Hospitals) in 2009. For data gathering, data collection forms, referring to different wards of the mentioned hospital sand the medicine assistance office of Jundishapur University was used. Based on Findings, from all the 19wardsof Imam Khomeini Hospital, 17 wards had nursing staff less than the standard level. In Razi hospital also, from the total of9 wards, 8 wards faced with a shortage of nurses. Also, the number of nurses in Imam Khomeini in one ward and in Razi hospital in two wards were 8 nursing Manpower more than proposed standard. Overly, the Imam Khomeini and Razi Hospitals had respectively 193 and 46 nursing Manpower less than proposed standard. According to there sults, status of the number and composition of nurse Manpower in the studied hospitals are far from proposed standard. In order to maintain and improve the quality of provided services in hospitals, Properly informing on the number of required nursing Manpower and providing nursing Manpower accordingly, is a basic and primary step for efficient and effective planning.

Manual material handling is identified as one of the musculoskeletal disorders risk factors. The aims of this study were to evaluate lifting activities by NIOSH equation and MAC method and the correlation of these two methods. Methods and Materials: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a rubber industry. Studied subjects were 136 male workers selected from various sections by proportional-to size sampling method. Data were collected using demographic and Nordic Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire (NMQ). Lifting activities were evaluated by NIOSH equation and MAC method. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS, version 16 and some tests such as Independent sample t test, Chi-square (χ2) and Bland-Atman test. The level of significance was set at <5%. The means of age and job tenure in subjects were 33.31±6.48 and 9.77±6.17 years, respectively. Prevalence of MSDs was 77.2%. The results revealed significant association between MSDs risk level evaluated by NIOSH and MAC methods and musculoskeletal disorders occurrence. The correlation of the two lifting activity evaluation methods was significant (p<0.05). Based on the findings of the present study, the evaluated risk level by the two evaluation methods and prevalence of MSDshad significant relationship. The correlation result indicated that MAC method can be used interchangeably with NIOSH equation for ergonomic evaluation of lifting activities.

Intestinal parasitic infections are still a healthy problem in many developing countries, although intestinal parasitic infection has reduced in recent years, it is still prevalent in many regions of Iran. This study was carried out in order to determine fauna and prevalence of human intestinal parasites in patients referred to Kashan Reference laboratory in 2007-2011. Methods and Materials: Stool samples of patients were examined by Formalin-Ether concentration and direct smear methods, Microscopic results were recorded and analyzed according to demographic data. Totally 6348 persons (53% female and 47% male) were examined which among these 7.6% were infected to at least one parasitic infection. Rate infections to intestinal parasite were: Giardia lamblia 2.7 %, Blastocystis sp 2.5%, Entamoeba coli 1.9%, Iodomoeba butshili 0.2%, Dientamoeba fragilis 0.2%, Chilomastix mesnili 0.2%, Entamoeba histolytic a/E. dispar 0.16%, Entamoeba hartmanni 0.13%, Endolimax nana 0.09%, Trichomonas hominis 0.05%,and Hymenolypis nana 0.02%. The high and low prevalence of infectionwas 10.5% and 3.6% in 40-50 and 1-10 year- old groups respectively. Prevalence rate in male (8.6%) was higher than female (6.7%).One parasite was seen in 93%ofinfected persons and 7% were infected with more than one parasite simultaneously (maximum 4 species). This study showed that intestinal helminthic infection is rare but intestinal protozoa are more prevalent in Kashan region. This finding is in agreement with other studies in central region of Iran. More effort should be done to control or eradicate enteric protozoan infection.

The steel slag is the main by-product of steel industry. The aim of this study using the steel slag as a low-cost absorbent in order to remove cadmium pollutant from industrial wastewater. Methods and Materials: Some factors that affect the process of cadmium removal by steel slag such as PH, contact time, absorbent dosage and cadmium initial concentration has been studied. Standard solution of synthetic wastewater including cadmium has been prepared by adding Chloride Cadmium to distilled water and concentrations in the range of 5-25 mg/l have been reached. The results show that in optimum conditions, the removal of cadmium from aqueous solution with concentration about 25mg/l and 60min contact time is about 99%. The experimental data of adsorption equilibrium have been analyzed according to adsorption kinetics models and Freundlich and Langmiur adsorption isotherms. The physical, chemical and morphological features of the steel slag have been determined by XRD, XRF and SEM techniques, too. The result of the experiments determined that the steel slag could be used as an effective and low-cost method in removing cadmium from industrial wastewater.

Organizational health is a new concept in organizations that includes the organizations ability to perform their duties effectively. Today organizations especially hospitals, should have a high organizational health to increase productivity. This study reviewed organizational health in Masjed Soleiman’s hospitals. This cross - sectional study was conducted in Masjed Soleiman’s hospitals. The study sample consisted of 22 hospital Medical staff that included the total Statistical population. For data collection Parsons Model was used which is a standardized questionnaire. SPSS statistical tests such as Spearman correlation coefficient and descriptive statistics were used to analyze collected data. The findings showed that 60 percent of the samples were women and most of them held an associate degree. Studied Hospitals also had the middle level of organizational health (109 and 110) and organizational health had significant interface with age (p_value = 0 / 021) and the employees education (p_value = 0 / 048). The study showed that hospitals have middle levels of organizational health, therefore, considering the importance of organizational health to increase productivity, hospital managers should try to promote organizational health to provide better quality service for the community.

Arsenic is one of the most dangerous heavy metals in the environment that is harmful for organisms such as human beings. Due to this treat economic approach for elimination of arsenic from water and wastewater is necessary. In this research arsenic-resistant bacteria from water and sediments of Lake Maharloo were isolated and identified then their antibiotic resistance was evaluated. Methods and Materials: Sampling was done from water and sediments of four stations in Maharloo Lake in three seasons. Bacteria were isolated and purified after cultivation and enriching samples in LB broth medium containing 5mg/L arsenic oxide. Isolated bacteria were identified by usual and standard microbiological tests. Then antibiotic sensitivity was determined by antibiogram method and Muller Hinton Agar culture medium. Bacteria such as Bacillus sp, Vibrio sp, Staphylococcus sp, Corynebacterium sp, Micrococcus sp, Pseudomonas sp and E. coli were isolated in different seasons from water and sediments of Lake Maharloo. The maximum and minimum abundance percentage of arsenic-resistant bacteria was found in sediments of spring (56.25%) and winter (12.50%) (P<0.05) respectively. Also The maximum and minimum abundance percentage of arsenic-resistant bacteria in total of water and sediment related to Khoshk river in winter and the middle of lake in autumn (P<0.05) respectively. Antibiotics resistance patterns evaluation revealed that isolated bacteria had the most antibiotic resistance to penicillin and the lowest to amikacin in all seasons. In this research indigenous arsenic resistant bacteria of Lake Maharloo were identified. Entrance of arsenic metal and different antibiotics to Lake Maharloo have caused an increase in the arsenic resistant bacteria and their antibiotic resistance.

Leishmaniasis is one of the six important tropical diseases, different aspects of which required to be studied, as recommended by World Health Organization. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a prevalent parasitological disease with diverse clinical manifestations in Iran. This study investigated the status of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Poledokhtar district, during 2001-2011. Methods and Materials: This descriptive survey was performed on all 310 cutaneous leishmaniasis patients recorded in the Poledokhtar health center during 2001-2011. Demographic information of patients including age, sex, habitat, number and sites of lesion,month and years of incidence were recorded.The data were described by SPSS16 software. Out of 310 under care patients, 142 cases (45.81%) were males and the rest of patients (54.19%) were females. Totally 41 patients (13.23%) resided in urban areas, while 269 (86.77%) lived in rural areas. The most frequent age group was 20-29 years old (25.16%). Hands were the most common sites of lesions (44.84%). Out of 9.03% of the patients had two or more lesions (56.45%).The most frequent cases of the disease were observed in the fall. The incidence rate of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the years has been higher than expected rate in Poledokhtar district. This situation has been alarming and comprehensive planning for control and prevention of the disease is necessary.

Providing and promoting the health is one of the most fundamental human social evolution dimensions, that perhaps more than other aspects of development needs public cooperation. Health volunteers are pioneers who have volunteered to step in providing and improving community health. The present study determines the role of health volunteers in maternal indicators of Pakdasht health network. Methods and Materials: This research is an applied, cross-sectional and correlation study. Statistics associated with the participation of health volunteers and maternal indicators of Pakdasht health network were collected during 2010 and 2011. The data collection form was used to collect data and finally data was analyzed by kolmogrov smirnov, pearson and spearman coefficient test. There is no significant relationship between the number of health volunteers, the proportion of families covered by health volunteers, the proportion of population covered by health volunteers, absorption and loss of health volunteers, the number of meetings held for health volunteers, the number of health volunteers participating in the meetings, the number of training sessions held for people by health volunteers, the number of people trained by health volunteers, the number of follow ups done by health volunteers, the number of extra-curricular classes held for health volunteers, the number of health volunteers participating in extra-curricular classes and maternal indicators. There is no significant relationship between participation of health volunteers and maternal indicators of Pakdasht health network, therefore knowing about program weaknesses and reforms and interventions can be a step toward improving health indicators and public health.