مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان
سال دوازدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 50، امرداد و شهریور 1392)

Genus Malassezia comprises lipophilic yeasts which have been recognized as normal flora of the skin. Pityriasis versicolor (PV) is a common superficial infection of the stratum corneum caused by several species of Malassezia which is seen among different ages، although، this infection is more common in adolescence. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of various Malassezia species in patients with (PV) and in the skin of healthy subjects (HS) between 20 to 30 years old. The sampling was for this is cross sectional study conducted by two techniques of scotch tape and skin scraping. The samples were taken from 100 individuals (50 healthy sabjects and 50 patient) and then were inoculated on Modified Leeming-Notman Agar (MLNA) medium. Macroscopical، microscopical، biochemical، physiological and tween assimilation were performed on colonies of the Malassezia spp. in pure culture. Malassezia strains were isolated and identified from 31 (60. 77%) samples of PV patients. M. globosa was the most frequent isolate with 18 cases (35. 29%) and M. slooffiae had the lowest frequenty with 1 case (1. 96%). In HS، Malassezia yeasts were isolated from 20 (40%) samples and M. furfur was the most frequent isolate with 9 cases (17. 65%) and both M. slooffiae and M. sympodialis had the lowest frequency with 1 case (1. 96%). In the total samples (HS and PV)، the highest and lowest frequencies were related to M. globosa with 24 cases (47. 06%) and M. slooffiae with 2 cases (3. 92%)، respectively. M. furfur and M. globosa were the most frequent isolates from HS and PV samples، respectively.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is defined as a disorder in which the prominent role of oxidative stress is well documented. Treatment of (DM) with herbal medicine products is one of the main focuses of investigators and to date several reports are published regarding properties of herbal plants. Regardingly، several types of plants are proposed for treatment of (DM). Thus، the current investigation is designed to explore therapeutic properties of Angipars as an herbal plant on tissue injuries associated with (DM) in rats. This experimental study was performed on 48 male wistar rats weighting 200-250 grams. The induction of DM was carried out by intra- muscular injection of 50mg/kg of STZ (streptozotocin) in a region between the two ears of animal، Approximately، 56 days following the induction of DM rats were divided into four main groups (12 rats in each group): first group received normal saline for 14 consecutive days and three another groups were injected with Angipars، insulin and Angipars-insulin as the same duration respectively. 24 hours after the last injection، animals were humanely killed and brain، liver and kidney tissues were analyzed regarding tissue injuries by histo-chemistry analysis. Our results showed that all of the studied animals had tissue injuries while significant decreased injuries were observed in Angipars-insulin treated group. In the majority of microscopic fields of kidney of untreated rats red blood cells were observed in tubular tissues of kidneys of animals. Likewise، kidney tissues، cellular infilterations were observed in most of the brain areas and also binuclear hepatocytes were seen in liver tissues. These tissues characterizations were decreased in insulin and Angipars treated groups but were significantly decreased in Angipars-insulin treated group. Overall، animal tissues in insulin-Angi pars group were more similar to normal tissue. It seems that Angi pars haveing properties such as anti-oxidant and neovascularisation effects could protect the tissues from injuries in experimental group''s animals in comparison to control group animals.

Professional drivers are at an increased risk of myocardial infarction but the underlying causes for this increased risks are uncertain. Unfortunately، ascending trend of these diseases in developing countries as well as Iran is disquieting. This study is aimed to determine the most prevalent risk factors of coronary artery disease in the truck drivers in the years 2007 to 2008. In this descriptive-analytic study، 448 truck drivers were randomly selected. A questionnaire containing their demographic characteristics was completed and for all the study subjects، body mass index، blood pressure، FBS، LDL، HDL، and TG was determined using fasting blood samples. Data were analyzed using SPSS; t-test and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis with significance level of 0. 05. The results showed that mean the age of the drivers who were aii males was 38±7. 34 years old with 94% of them being under 55 years old. Fifty seven point six percent of the cases smoked cigarette or hookah and 73. 9% of them were considered obese (BMI>25) on body mass index. Furthermore، there was a significant relationship between high blood pressure and high body mass index. Cholesterol over 200 mg/dl and TG of over 200 were found in 56. 3% and 23% of the drivers respectively. The findings showed that HDL was lower than 45 mg/dl in 47. 1% of the cases while biochemical analysis of the blood showed LDL of higher than 160 mg/dl in 17. 9% and higher than 130 mg/dl in 64. 4% of the Cases. Coronary artery disease risk factors such as smoking، high body mass index، blood pressure and high lipid indexes is prevalant in truck drivers. The important part of these data shows that obesity for its unelectable effect on other risk factors should be considered with more sensitivity by health policy authorities.

Backgroundand Evaluation، as one of the quality progress tools، makes it possible to identify strengths and weakness points by taking appropriate steps in the evolution and reform in the workflow by strengthening the positive aspects of the programs and eliminating the failures. This Study was based on the CIPP model in 2010 with the objective of evaluation of Medical School faculty at Rafsanjan university of medical sciences. This Study was a descriptive – cross sectional and study population consisted of 63 students، 28 faculty members and 10 graduate s students. The researcher - made questionnaire was used for data gathering. The questionnaire included two parts: demographic information and questions. Zero score to 1. 5 (unfavorable status)، 1. 51 to 3. 50 (relatively favorable)، and 3. 51 to 5 was considered desirable status. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. From the perspective of the participants the status at the context، input، process، and whole medical school was considered to be relatively favorable. The results showed that in general، as in the areas of context، process and product of medical school، there was a significant differences between Instructors and students (p≤0. 05). Students evaluated context better than instructors and instructors evaluated input، process and product and whole medical school better than the students. The final results of the evaluation of medical school showed that the status is desirable. In order to achieve quite desirable results it’s optimal that officials of this university and colleges improve the important factors such as reviewing the material and educational content have regulars instruction for new teaching methods hold assessments and teach communication skills to their instructors.

Based on previous researches and according to variety and widespread of factors related to academic achievement، the current research aimed to study the relationship between emotional intelligence، time management and quality of life with academic achievement among students. This descriptive –correlative study was performed on all the students at university of Guilan. Two hundred seven individuals were selected via multi level cluster sampling. Research tools included emotional intelligence questionnaire، time management and World Health Organization quality of life questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pierson Correlation Coefficient، Stepwise Multiple Regression and T- test. Data analysis showed that there is a meaningful relationship between emotional intelligence، time management and quality of life with academic achievement. In addition، Stepwise regression analysis showed that emotional intelligence، time management and quality of life significantly predict academic achievement. A suitable infrastructure for students’ achievement can be achieved via training of emotional intelligence skills، time management and promotion of students’ life quality level.

Previous studies have reported that internal evaluation can play a key role in improving the quality of education. The purpose of this study was an internal evaluation in the physiology department at Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences (RUMS). This cross- sectional study was performed (during 2010-2011) in the department of physiology at RUMS. Q uestionnaires were made based on five different factors namely education، structure and responsibilities، research، facilities and teaching spaces. The population consisted of faculty members (4 persons)، graduate students (4 persons) and medical students (38 persons). Results were categorized using Gourman scoring scale. Also، the correlation between basic evaluation grades and physiology course grades during the past 10 years was performed. The results revealed that the department of physiology in the education field was «strong»، in research «very strong»، in facilities «more than satisfactory»، in teaching spaces «non-satisfactory»، and in structure and responsibilities was in the «border line». Also، there was a significant positive association between basic evaluation grades and physiology course grades during the past 10 years (r=0. 39، p<0. 001). This study demonstrated that in some areas (academic faculty and students’ views) the physiology department is considered to be in a good level. But، in the teaching space and structure and responsibilities it is considered in weak level.

Chest injuries cause 20% to 25% of morbidity of traumas. However، with chest tube intervention and appropriate prophylaxis the rate of morbidity can be decreased. Chest tubes can cause infection، but this kind of infection can be prevented by using prophylactic antibiotics. This survey is performed to exert the effect of prophylactic antibiotics in patients with chest tube. In this clinical trial study، 70 patients who were hospitalized in the emergency care units because of chest trauma، were selected by accessible sampling in the year 2011 and divided into two equal groups (35 patients in each group). The intervention group was given sephalosporin prophylaxis and the control group received placebo، then the patients were followed for 2 weeks (after 3، 7 and 14 days). Data were analyzed using paired t test، independent t and X2 using SPSS 18. The difference between total mean score of fever in case (37. 73±0. 41) and control (37. 63±0. 39) groups، did not indicate a significant difference in the complication of chest tube after trauma (p>0. 05). The major symptom after the second week was ploritic pain. Findings represented that in the group which intervention was carried out the mean scores of fever and the other complications were not different with the patients in the control group. Thus using prophylactic antibiotics in patients with chest tube is not recommended for the care of the patients who suffer from chest trauma.

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease and a major global health problem. Individuals with this disorder commonly suffer from feelings of failure and despair. Therefore struggling with this illness and treatment procces affects their mental and social well-being. This study aimed to determine the relationship between self-esteem and quality of life in people with type 2 diabetes.

This cross-sectional study was performed on 280 type 2 diabetes patients admitted to clinic of diabetes in Imam Khomeini Hospital at Ardebil، Iran in 2011. The questionnaires were composed of socio-demographic information، Farrell & Grant and Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem questionnaires. The data were analyzed using SPSS and descriptive analysis، Chi-square test was used.

This study showed that 106 patients with type 2diabetes، (37. 4%) had low self-esteem and 123 (43. 9%) had low quality of life level. But the results of the chi-square test (P=0. 001) and Pearson correlation (r=o. 89) indicated that there was a significant statistical relationship between quality of life and self-esteem in these patients.

Our study showed that quality of life and self-esteem have direct and positive relationships. It is suggested that whit educational programs and upgrading the quality of life for these patients، the level of self-esteem will increase and it can prevent the complications of low self- esteem such as lack of follow-up treatment، lack of blood sugar control and inadequate care in these patients.