نشریه گلجام
پیاپی 19 (تابستان 1390)

Professor، Tehran university Abstract “Josheghan-e-Ghali” is located in Isfahan Province near Kashan County، and it has some economic communication with this two cities. Carpet weaving has been common in this area since Safavid era and the products have been exported. In spite of a rich artistic history، this region has been rarely studied. This paper is the first survey about history of carpet weaving in “Josheghan” and the theories about it. The information of carpet weaving in this area will be forgotten، so library research and field method have been used for collecting related data. In Safavid era various carpet designs were weaved in this region but in Qajar era and after that، designs had reduced and some special features had been appeared in the products. It seems that the theory of “Pope” regarding the derivation of contemporary “Josheghan” design from Safavid vase carpet is reasonable. By the way no decisive theory can be expressed in this regard.

Investigation and research on contemporary carpets is a vital and original perceptions of «identity» problem and relevant expressions with time and environment is certainly not a easy task. As we deal with some general concepts such as identity، the research literature is often directed to complex and philosophical issues. In the study of cultural encounters and interactions in Ardabil carpets it can be seen that an unbalanced process in social-artistic relations with some style-owned and dynamic cities in the last half century has caused that its simplicity and originality be affected and apparent contradictions can be observed. This paper is a comparative study of 36 samples of carpets from «Aran، Azerbaijan» and «Ardabil» to explore the concept of identity in both traditional and contemporary works، and find the reason for lack of identity via leaving common native identity for reproduced exotic identities.

Garden and Persian carpets of among the oldest phenomena in the course of history. There are some points which indicate that garden and carpet have been closely connected. Chaharbagh structures were important works of ancient pre-Islamic Iran، at Achaemenid and Sassanid periods and Ilkhanid era، especially in the Timurid and Safavid era. Like Chaharbagh style، Chaharbagh or Golestan motifs also are notable and impressive in carpets of some periods of Iranian history. Though there no many Chaharbagh carpets left from the late Safavid era، but the few existing examples shows the spread this carpet style that is a reflection of the Chaharbagh. Examples of the carpets with Chaharbagh design can be found in west of Iran and particularly in Kurdistan، and a number of them now adorn museums and private collections outside the borders of Iran. By examining these carpets and Chaharbagh structures in the area we will understand that this relationship is longstanding. The works reflect the continuity of design and motif of Chaharbagh carpets and Chaharbagh structures which are more stable than other parts of the west of Iran until the end of the Qajar era. Evidences for this idea is the carpets which belongs to the northwestern Iran especially in cities Bijar and Sanandaj in Kurdistan Province. The samples of such Chaharbagh structures were fully operative until five decades ago. Therefore، it is assumed that that the commissioners and patrons of Chaharbagh structures and Golestan carpets have been the same social group، and it is believed that they are among the local rulers. In this paper، the background of Chaharbagh structures، Chaharbagh carpets in Kurdistan province and the relation between Chaharbagh structures and Chaharbagh carpets has been studied.

Every year، during rose water extraction a huge amount of damask rose residue is produced. The transportation and disposal of these waste materials create some problems including an increase in the price of the produced rose water. In this study the use of damask rose residues in dyeing wool is assessed and a method for its use as a colorant in natural dyeing is offered. Dyeing was carried out by using the material along with some mordants such as alum، copper sulphate، iron sulphate، chlorine and tin and also without mordant by adopting pre-mordanting technique. Various amounts of mordants and colorants were used. Comparing the obtained color hue with those from other traditional colorants، it was observed that the color hue obtained from damask rose residues was greatly similar to the color hue gained from pomegranate peel. These two color hues were analyzed and compared using the carpet weavers’ views as well as measuring wash and light fastness properties using experimental methods. The results indicate that damask residues can be used as a new natural colorant particularly in carpet production. This can provide a new colorant with minimum expenses، reduce the price of rose water extraction، and prevent environmental pollution.

Today, the use of enzymes and antibacterial protein fibers is greatly favored by researchers to protect textile against microbial attacks, spots, discoloration and to increase shelf life of silk carpets in museums. This study investigates the effect of protease and nanosilver on silk yarn. Silk yarn with 140 Tex as a carpet pile treated with protease and nanosilver in different conditions and their antimicrobial properties against two bacteria, i.e. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was studied and compared. Also, some characteristics of products including weight loss, whiteness index and color indices, have been investigated in SEM images. Using nanosilver alone showed excellent antimicrobial properties against microbes with different concentrations while reduced the whiteness of silk yarn. However, using 2% protease led to enhanced antibacterial properties, and whiteness. On these bases, concurrent use of protease and 30 ppm of nanosilver produced silk yarn with excellent antibacterial properties i.e. 100% bacterial reduction.

The purpose of this paper is to survey the impact of competitive intelligence on Iran’s carpet industry competitiveness. To measure competitive intelligence، we applied three dimensions including: social-strategic intelligence، technologic intelligence and market intelligence; and for measuring competitiveness، internal resources، situation in markets and creativity and innovation indices were utilized. First of by applying Pearson correlation and regression tests، positive and meaningful influence of competitive intelligence and its dimensions on competitiveness were demonstrated. Subsequently، the results of using Average test showed that all variables apart from social-strategic intelligence were at favorable levels. Finally by utilizing fuzzy TOPSIS technique، competitive intelligence indices were ranked and “ensuring of continues relationship with customers”، “feedback to customers” and “strategic planning” were selected as the most important ones. Keywords: Competitive intelligence، Competitiveness، Hand-made carpet industry، Multi criteria decision making، Fuzzy TOPSIS technique. Assistant Professor and Faculty Member for Management Faculty of Islamic Azad University، Central Tehran Branch Nima Saeedi Member of Young Researchers and Elite Club of Islamic Azad University، Central Tehran Branch Abstract The purpose of this paper is to survey the impact of competitive intelligence on Iran’s carpet industry competitiveness. To measure competitive intelligence، we applied three dimensions including: social-strategic intelligence، technologic intelligence and market intelligence; and for measuring competitiveness، internal resources، situation in markets and creativity and innovation indices were utilized. First of by applying Pearson correlation and regression tests، positive and meaningful influence of competitive intelligence and its dimensions on competitiveness were demonstrated. Subsequently، the results of using Average test showed that all variables apart from social-strategic intelligence were at favorable levels. Finally by utilizing fuzzy TOPSIS technique، competitive intelligence indices were ranked and “ensuring of continues relationship with customers”، “feedback to customers” and “strategic planning” were selected as the most important ones. Keywords: Competitive intelligence، Competitiveness، Hand-made carpet industry، Multi criteria decision making، Fuzzy TOPSIS technique. Assistant Professor and Faculty Member for Management Faculty of Islamic Azad University، Central Tehran Branch Nima Saeedi Member of Young Researchers and Elite Club of Islamic Azad University، Central Tehran Branch Abstract The purpose of this paper is to survey the impact of competitive intelligence on Iran’s carpet industry competitiveness. To measure competitive intelligence، we applied three dimensions including: social-strategic intelligence، technologic intelligence and market intelligence; and for measuring competitiveness، internal resources، situation in markets and creativity and innovation indices were utilized. First of by applying Pearson correlation and regression tests، positive and meaningful influence of competitive intelligence and its dimensions on competitiveness were demonstrated. Subsequently، the results of using Average test showed that all variables apart from social-strategic intelligence were at favorable levels. Finally by utilizing fuzzy TOPSIS technique، competitive intelligence indices were ranked and “ensuring of continues relationship with customers”، “feedback to customers” and “strategic planning” were selected as the most important ones.