مجله ترویج علم
سال سوم شماره 3 (پاییز و زمستان 1391)

One of the most important tools of human in manipulating upon the righteous path is thinking and wisdom so this research firstly depicts the position of thinking through Quran’s perspective. Also the reasons and obstacles of thinking are being debated . This research fields answers to questions like: From Quran`s perspective thinking lies in which classification? How can we elevate or debilitate thinking? And here’s the upshot that Quran emphasizes upon such thinking and contemplation which eventuates in faith and worship. Quran count such thinking in as a criteria of value and dignity before God so that introduce lack of sense as a reason of falling into beastliness. Some individual traits or environmental conditions of such sins, blind emulation ,following desires, haste ,doubts, vain attempts, impedes human to distinguish the right and bar them from the straight path and factors such as faith, Godwariness, Miracles and history assist human in this field

In this article, the assessment and evaluation of the efficiency of selected countries in the Middle East and Central Asia region in the field of training and education using the method of linear programming. For this purpose, and given that in assessing non-parametric and parametric methods are mainly used non-parametric methods, by which on the basis of mathematical planning methods and in particular is based on the data envelopment analysis method, Iran and regional countries in terms of the efficiency of the education system and classification training and ranking. It must be mentioned that the major advantage method Data Envelopment Analysis )DEA( compared to other available methods for the measurement of efficiency, is that it can be used by the efficiency with multiple input and multiple output )conversion to non-reliable(, evaluation. In the present article, due to the input and output of the education system and training in selected countries during the year 2010, assessing returns with two fixed and variable returns to scale relative to the scale. The results show that first assuming countries; Iran, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey and Uzbekistan among the countries of Georgia, Azerbaijan, Jordan, Oman, Pakistan, Tajikistan, UAE, Turkmenistan and Yemen of the highest efficiency and default 85% efficiency under the average. With a view to having the second assuming countries; Pakistan, United Arab Emirates and Tajikistan to the worlds ‘ States that the average efficiency of under the assumption of 92/2%. Finally, with regard to the template being the country of Uzbekistan is based on the findings of this study can be said that developing countries, especially Iran, non- efficiency in order to increase the efficiency of your pattern should be the country of Uzbekistan.

Promotion of science has caused the development of science and accessing of various parts of society to information and knowledge that will result prosperity and a better life for people. Libraries and information centers as the repository of information have a significant impact in promotion of science. Today information and communication technologies in libraries can help to widespread share and exchange of sci- entific information among the people. Now digital libraries because of the ease and widespread accessing to appropriate information in regard to the time and place for the people, have an important role in promotion of science and scientific collaboration of people. Digital libraries with facilities that they have provide a good condition for cycle of science in society that today is regarded more important than the production of science and this matter has a large influence on the promotion of science. The goal is to identify the purpose, advantages and disadvantages of digital libraries as a new form of library and information science in promotion of science. Research methods is review and online resources and library resources are used for gathering of data. The results shows that digital libraries because of their advantages in accessing would be suitable for promotion of science in communities.

Today’s fast and easy access to information and resources, one important element is the development of information sys- tems. In this paper, we define the concept of networking and the emergence of the field, some of the objectives, advantages and drawbacks of the networks considered here, the main and most important functions, duties and service information network )organizing materials services, interlibrary loan, collection development, reference, information, advice, research and development( has been expressed. At the end of libraries and information centers are also expected to keep pace with change and continuity in leadership preparation, retrieval and dissemination of information, and also minimize unnecessary costs, accelerate and improve the services provided on development information network and to increase their access to information resources.

Aim of paper is study Relationship between social capital and academic achievement in a sample volume of 897 first grade students in Tehran high schools with random cluster method have been selected, is. Method is structural equations modeling. Research tool, rated 87 question questionnaire. For data analysis techniques with analysis of covariance matrices lisrel software was used. The results showed that their families: Social capital variables and three dimensions it has a direct effect on academic achievement are positive. Six indicators of social capital has a direct effect on academic achievement are positive. Variable quality, structure and size network have a undirected effect through social capital on academic achievement . Six Indicators have a undirected effect through social capital and three dimensions of social capital variables on academic achievement.

Science is a source of power what Joseph Nye terms ”soft power“. In last decades, following entrance of science in Diplo- macy, a new concept as ”Science Diplomacy“ has been gaining increasing currency in the world. Science diplomacy seeks to strengthen the symbiosis between the interests and motivations of the foreign policy with scientific communications. To support of political goals, science diplomacy proposes various mechanism, networks and communication channels, could include: Informing policy –makers about the value of science to improve political objectives. Incorporating science policy training course into training courses for foreign ministry staff and other persons who are related to foreign policy. Involving scientists in strategic decision –making. Establishing constructive and effective links between scientists and diplomats. Encouraging independent scientific bodies to provide science policies briefing for foreign ministry.

This paper studies science of tribology and material damage caused by friction and wear of materials used to overcome of this problem. Each year inevitable wear and friction among the industrial parts cause serious problems and make huge losses. Science of tribology helps us to prevent damages caused by wear.