مجله دانش و تندرستی در علوم پایه پزشکی
سال هشتم شماره 2 (تابستان 1392)

An important variable in investigation of agility during puberty is the age of reaching peak high velocity، which like other agility indicators is under the effect of different factors such as physical condition and type. The purpose of present research was to examine relationship between somatotype and peak high velocity (PHV) among Iranian 7-10 years old boys.

Participants were 313 7-10 year-old members of Basij Talent Identification Centers in all Iran''s provinces. Somatotype data were calculated using ISAK instruction and PHV was measured using Malina –Buchard formula and were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regressions.

Results of Pearson correlation showed that PHV had a positive correlation with ectomorphy and negative correlation with endomrphy and mesomorphy. Total correlation between PHV and somatotype was 0. 50 which explained 25% of PHV variance. Results of regression analysis showed ectomrphy and endomorphy were significant predictors of PHV but msomrphy was not a significant predictor of PHV.

Endomorphy had a smaller part in predicting the PHV age، but mesomorphy was not a strong predictor، Moreover، ectomorphy following endomrophy had a strong predicting power. Studies in this area suggest that those who have greater ectomorphic characteristics are less agile and the physiologic requisites for their puberty develop later in their bodies. Therefore poor sport performance of ectomorphic children may result from their distance to PHV age so coaches and instructors should consider this measurement and somatotype.

Chronic diseases such as heart diseases have adverse effects on the physical، psychological، social performance، and overall quality of life of patients. This study aimed to determine the effect of regular physical activity at home on the quality of life in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. This Quasi-experimental study was carried out on patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass surgeries. 58 patients from Urmia Syedolshoheda hospital were selected randomly and then allocated into two intervention and control groups randomly. Data collected with using MacNew quality of life questionnaire. Patients in intervention group were trained with combined exercises at least three times a week and performed this exercises for 12 week at home. Data were analyzed using Chi-sqaure، Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon testes. Findings of the study showed promotion in quality of life domains in physical، emotional and social after performance of regular physical activity at home in intervention group (P=0. 001). A significant difference was observed between patients quality of life after regular physical activity in intervention and the control groups (P=0. 001). Regular physical activity at home has important effects on patients'' promotion of quality of life after coronary artery bypass surgeries. Therefore، it is suggested that after CABG patients be trained with regular physical activity at home.

The number of diabetics has progressively increased in recent decades. Pain is reported as one of the main complaints of these patients. On the other hand، in case of resistance exercises، there is no sufficient evidence on pain relief. Accordingly، the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance exercise on pain threshold and blood pressure in patients with diabetes mellitus. 11 overweight diabetic male patients (45-50 years) were selected through purposeful random sampling، but 3 of them refused to continue collaboration. After measuring one repetition maximum (1RM)، they completed three sets of strength exercise with intensity of 80% 1RM. Pain threshold and blood pressure was measured by special devices in active arm and finally data were analyzed using paired t-test and the correlation coefficient. Increased pain threshold and diastolic and systolic blood pressure was observed immediately after the resistance exercise (P≥0. 05)، but the relationship between diastolic blood pressure and pain threshold was not significant. The results revealed contrast interaction between blood pressure and pain threshold that suggests the central mechanisms of pain may engage in diabetic people.

This study was done to compare the efficacy of interlesional injection of Glucantime method and cryotherapy with interlesional injection in treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Qom province. In this randomized controlled trial patients were randomly allocated in the two arms of the study: one receiving interalesional Glucantime injection weekly and the other receiving biweekly cryothrapy with intralesional injections of Glucantime. At first، the lesion size and induration of lesions were recorded after 7 and 12 weeks، and treatment of lesions was monitored. Healing was defined as complete re-epithelialisation and disappearance of induration. Out of a total of 197 CL patientsm 112 cases with L. major were studied. 54 cases with 116 lesions received intralesional Glucantime injection and 58 patients with 115 lesions received cryothrapy with intralesional injections of Glucantime. At 7th week after the initiation of the treatment، complete healing was observed in56 out of 116 lesions (48. 1%) in the group which received weekly intralesional IG injection and 83 out of 115 lesions (72. 2%) in the group which received biweekly GI with IG&cryothrapy. At 12th week after the initiation of the treatment، complete healing was observed in 105 out of 116 lesions (91%) in the group which received weekly intralesional IG injection and 115 out of 115 lesions (%100) in the group which received biweekly GI with IG & cryothrapy. By the end of 7th week، RR (0. 95CI) amounted to 1. 86 (1. 1 – 3. 15) and at the end of 12th week they tapped to 3. 4 (2. 23- 2. 27) which are statistically significant (P<0. 02). The significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of complete healing rate (P<0. 05). Based on the findings، cryothrapy with biweekly intralesional injections of Glucantime was more effective compared with weekly intercessional Glucantime injection and reduced the period of treatment.

Voice therapy is one of the methods of complementary medicine that is used in many diseases. Since stress level is high in patients during endoscopy، this study aimed to compare the effect of listening to Quran and music on stress level in patients during endoscopy. This study was a clinical trial study that was performed on 60 patients who referred to a private digestive clinic. Volunteers divided in 3 groups: Quran، music and control. Data were gathered by demographic and standard spill-Berger questionnaire for evaluation of stress level. Results of this study showed that stress level decreased in patients in 2 groups of Quran (p=0. 001) and music (P=0. 03) compared to the control group. Stress was significantly lower in Quran group. Since listening to Quran is more effective in reducing stress than listening to music، use of Quran before any procedure that is stressful for patients is recommended.

Today، diabetes and TB as high prevalent diseases have negative effects on quality of life of patients. However، quality of life is the outcome of treatment and care in chronic diseases. Hence، this study was conducted to compare effects of diabetes and TB on quality of life of these patients. In this descriptive-analytical study، 320 subjects were selected by convenience sampling from four diabetic clinics and referral center of TB patients in Tehran. Demographic characteristics questionnaire and Iranian version of short form health survey (SF-36) were used to data collection. 131 diabetic patients and 189 TB patients were participated in this study. Mean age was 47. 30 (±12. 74) and 41. 80 (±17. 64) years for diabetic patients and TB patients respectively. Range of quality of life scores for diabetic patients varied from 46. 20 (±12. 94) for general health perceptions to 64. 13 (±26. 61) for physical function. Range of quality of life scores for TB patients varied from 16. 85 (±32. 58) for role limitations due to physical problems to 59. 18 (±22. 55) for social function. TB patients had significantly lower scores than diabetic patients in dimensions of physical functioning، role limitations due to physical problems، bodily pain and vitality. Diabetic patients had significantly lower scores than TB patients in dimensions of general health perceptions. This study revealed different effects of diabetes and TB on quality of life. It is important to considering these effects so that quality of life of these patients can be improved.

In process of getting old، different systems of the body get weak and this increases the dependence of adults on other people. The purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of musculoskeletal pain and its correlation with functional disability. In this cross-sectional study 1614 old persons participated. The study was done in Amir cola in 1390-91. The information was gathered by three questionnaires of demographic features، pain and functional disability (Katz Scale). The data was analyzed by the chi-square statistical test. 54. 7% of the participants were male and 45. 35 were female. Pain was reported for 1330 people (82. 4%) that 47. 5% was in upper body، 73. 2% in lower body and 24. 5% in head and neck. Pain in upper body was mostly reported in shoulders for 606 people (37. 5%) and for lower body mostly in knees for 1018 people (63. 1%). Pain was reported in females more than males and females had pain in lower body (knee) more than other parts of the body. In this study 3. 7% of people had functional disability. There was no significant correlation between pain and functional disability (P=0. 24). The results of this research showed high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in old people of Amir cola. Prevalence of pain in women was higher than in man. The most prevalent of pain area was knee joint. This indicates the necessity of medical interventions in form of prevention training.

Due to the vulnerability of pregnant women and their fetuses to air pollution and the role of determining the stages of behavior change in preventing the exposure to air pollution، this study aimed at investigating the predictors of stages of changing preventive behavior among pregnant women in Tehran. In this cross sectional study، 200 pregnant women who referred to three health centers located in different geographic regions of Tehran in the fall 2011 were randomly selected and assessed. Data were gathered through a validated researcher-made questionnaire based on Transtheoretical model which included demographic as well as benefits، obstacles and self-efficacy sections. The data were analyzed using descriptive and analytic statistical tests of chi-square، spearman correlation and logistic regression. Totally، 200 eligible pregnant women with mean age of 26. 9±4. 8 participated in this study. There were significant correlation between stage of change with pros، cons and self-efficacy P<0. 0001. Additionally، self-efficacy was a significant predictor of stage of behavior change. Results showed that، only self-efficacy construct could predict air pollution exposure behavior. The findings of this study can be used as a robust basis for future educational interventions regarding air pollution preventive behaviors in pregnant women.