Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
Volume:17 Issue: 5, 2013

Increased mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) survival after transplantation can improve their therapeutic potential. Therefore، manipulation of the MSCs with cytoprotective genes such as NF-E2 Related Factor-2 (NRF2) is important to improve cell therapy efficiency. The aim of this study was cloning and transient over-expression of the NRF2 gene in MSCs by adenoviral expression system. NRF2 was isolated from MSCs and cloned into pENTR/TOPO/D vector by TOPO cloning reaction. NRF2 was translocated from pENTR/TOPO/D vector to adenoviral vector using the Gateway technology. The recombinant adenovirus vector was transformed into 293A cells to package recombinant adenovirus particles. Recombinant adenoviruses harboring NRF2 infected MSCs. NRF2 was successfully isolated، cloned and its accuracy was confirmed by Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequencing. NRF2 over-expression was evaluated. This over-expression by adenoviral expression system was transient. NRF2 over-expression in MSCs with adenoviral expression system could be a valuable device because of its transient expression. Stable over-expression of genes in MSCs could not be permitted.

Divorce in most countries، especially Third World Countries such as Iran has an over rising trend. Clearly the impact on couples and families، and especially children، can be very destructive. This study examined the effectiveness of couple therapy models based on parental pattern on lapse of couples on the brink of divorce The method of this study was a quasi-experimental method، in the form of pre-test - post-test that was administered to a non-equivalent control group. The population of the research included all couples applicant of divorce referred to Justice’s Family Counseling Center of Sanandaj city in 2011. The subjects were 16 couples who applied for treatment sessions chosen by voluntary sampling and assigned randomly into two groups of control and experimental (each group consisted of 8 couples). Experimental group couples participated in 7 sessions of 90 minutes under treatment based on representing parental pattern. In order to analyze data x2 was used. 5 couples (62. 5) out of 8 couples of experimental group and one couple (12. 5) out of 8 couples of control group canceled divorce. The change of decision in divorce rate of couples participating in this program is more than control group (P≤0. 01). The findings of this study confirmed the role and effectiveness of couple therapy based on parental patterns in reducing divorce rate.

Male infertility may be due to various physiological and environmental factors. In this study the effects of smoking and semen quality of infertile men referred to Infertility Clinics of Shiraz were studied. A case-control study was performed on 108 infertile men and 161 healthy men with normal fertility. The relationship between smoking and infertility was determined by the odds ratio and the average sperm count، sperm motility and number of abnormal sperm was compared by t-test. The relationship between smoking duration and number of cigarette used daily with the quantity of sperm was determined by linear regression. This study revealed that the possibility of infertility in men smokers was 1. 5 times as much as non-smokers (OR= 1. 5). Cigarette smoking per one year is created reduction rate of 800،000 in sperm count، and increased consumption of one cigarette per day is created 1% reduction sperm motility. Smoking is a dangerous habit which can effect on sperm quality and quantity of male infertility. The results of this study can be effective for training programs.

Failure to control diabetes on time leads to irreparable complications in other parts of body such as heart، kidneys، eyes، and etc. As those most susceptible to the disease are pre-diabetic individuals، this study aims to identify the Determinants for diabetes in people with pre-diabetes employing two advanced statistical methods of logistic regression and discriminant analysis. Data were collected from 17 health centers in the rural area of Kermanshah city. 100 diabetic patients and 100 pre-diabetes persons (controls) were enrolled. Demographic data، body mass index، fasting blood sugar (FBS)، oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)، blood pressure، blood lipid levels and daily activity in two separate forms by the staff of Disease control from health records were collected. Logistic regression and discriminant analysis to identify Determinants and ROC curve were used to compare the predictive power of the models. The predictive power of logistic regression and discriminant analysis were 0. 884 and 0. 80 respectively. Sex (P= 0. 027) and FBS (P<0. 001) in logistic regression and age (P=0. 014)، FBS (P<0. 001) and OGTT (P<0. 001) were significant in the discriminant analysis. Logistic regression model was more sensitive (79%). In this study، logistic regression was more powerful in the separation of patients from pre-diabetic. In communities that have high affinity between case and control groups، identifying differences needs stronger methods. Thus، using these methods recommended in medical studies.

As the frequency، increasing development and permanent neurologic complexes of meningeal diseases are significant، employing MRI is vital. Because of the frequency and sensitivity of FLAIR and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR images for detecting leptomeningeal comparing these two in this regards seems to be vital. The purpose of this study is to compare these two sequences and to determine which sequence is superior for depicting meningeal diseases since applying appropriate sequence helps diagnosing the disease fast and accurately. This study is a descriptive-analytic one in which 49 patients were selected from among patients referred to Imam Reza Hospital of Kermanshah in 2010 during 8 months. To obtain data information form was employed. Two specialists in radiology investigated the obtained data by both sequences. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 and X2. The degree of contrast enhancement was superior in FLAIR sequence with contrast in 21 patients، equal in 10 and inferior in 18. Number، conspicuity، and enhancement of meningeal infection، in the FLAIR sequence with contrast was superior to the T1W sequence with contrast and the T1W sequence with contrast was superior to FLAIR sequence with contrast in evaluation of number، conspicuity and enhancement of cranial tumors. Employing FLAIR sequence with contrast is helpful in early diagnosis of meningeal infections.

Population has an important role in socio-economic and political planning. Fertility، along with mortality and migration is the main determinant of population change. Fertility decline in recent years in the country and rural areas، especially in under study rural areas، is also studied not as a social problem، but as a phenomenon worthy of study in a semi-traditional society. The aim of this study is to compare determinants of fertility behavior among Kurdish women living in rural areas of Ravansar and Gilan gharb cities. Data were taken from a survey conducted on 550 eligible women for the study. A combination of random and systematic sampling methods was used to collect data through questionnaires. the average number of children ever born by the women living in rural areas of Ravansar and Gilan gharb were respectively 2/36 and 2/41. Results also showed that the mean age of marriage، monthly costs of children، and education among women in Gilan gharb were more than their counterparts in Ravansar. In both regions، the relationship between variables of age of marriage، education، employing contraceptive methods and monthly costs of children and fertility were negative and significant، and the relationship between the ideal number of children and jobs of woman with fertility was both direct and significant. In addition، the relationship between woman religions with fertility behavior was not significant. Results implies a convergence in fertility behavior of women، despite differences in social، economic، and demographic characteristics as well as proximate determinants.

One method to increase the performance and efficient use of hospital resources is using tools of economic analysis such as production function. The aim of this study was the estimation of production function among public hospitals of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences during 2001- 11 using Cub Douglas production function.

The data about the dependent variable (number of hospitalized patients) and explanatory variables (numbers of active beds، nurses، doctors and other staffs) for six public hospitals during 2001- 11 were collected using information form. The Data was analyzed employing Eviews software version 6.

The production elasticity and the marginal production for all inputs were positive. The marginal production of active beds، doctors، nurses and other staffs were 76. 7، 73. 7، 19. 3 and 6. 7 respectively. The results also showed that the return to scale was increasing and the total input coefficient was equal to 1. 45.

The maximum of elasticity and marginal production belonged to the active beds. This implies that the hospitals administrators in response to change demands can use active beds more than others inputs. Besides، the marginal production of other staffs was less than other studies، so incentive policies for effective and efficient use in hospital resources will be essential.

The aim of this study is to compare the quality of life and psychological status of primiparous versus multiparous women during pregnancy and postpartum. A quality of life (QOL) questionnaire and a general health questionnaire (GHQ28) were filled out in the third trimester of pregnancy and 8 weeks postpartum by 273 pregnant women visiting health centers. In both periods the mean scores of QOL were higher in primiparous than the multiparous (P=. 003، P=. 026). During the pregnancy، the mean score of GHQ28 was lower in primiparous than multiparous (P=. 005). Multiparity affects negatively women’s psychological state and quality of life during pregnancy.