فصلنامه پازند
پیاپی 29 (تابستان 1391)

Despite the abundance of foreign literature about specific language impairment, few works has been done on Persian speaking children with SLI. Cross linguistic researches show that linguistic characteristics of SLI in various languages are different. Studying these differences is the best way to find the causes, hence doing research in various languages is necessary. In this article besides explaining the history of research, we will define criteria of impairment. Most internal research is about monolingual and defining their characteristics, while most of the foreign research is about bilingual and finding the cause.

In this article a selection of first and second chapters of Farabi’s Ehsa-al-olum is reviewed. These two chapters of the book are respectively devoted to language knowledge and logic. Conceptual analysis of these two chapters shows that Farabi has a specific intellectual tradition in language knowledge description and its universals. Some factors of this tradition are: studying language with universal approach, considering musical and aesthetic issues in language study, distinguishing between inner language and outer language and inherent power of language, knowing the power of language as an innate capacity, describing the process of language acquisition in children, considering power of speech as the potential that makes it possible for human being to acquire knowledge and sciences, to do thinking and to make distinction between good and bad.

Polysemy is believed by some linguists to be a situation in which a word has several distinct senses (e.g. Koskela and Murphy (2006)). Other linguists, like Antunano (1999) define polysemy as a situation in which a word has several related senses. In this article, both definitions of a polysemous word is considered; polysemy is known a situation in which a word has several senses which are either related or distinct. It is important why a word sense spreads from its original domain to other domains, more importantly; however, is how two distinct domains relate to each other. For instance, how the “understanding” domain can relate to the “receiving sounds by ear” domain and become different senses of the word “hear”. This article discusses the polysemy of the verb “didæn” along with the theta roles of the subject in each of meaning classes. To do so, all the senses of “didæn” are studied from Sokhan Dictionary (Anvari, 1387), Dehkhoda Dictionary, Dictionary of Persian Collocations (EslamiShoar et al, to be published), and Madarshahian (1388). All the senses are then classified and the theta roles are analyzed in each of the classes. The aim is to know: Is there a relation between these meaning classes and the theta roles of each class? If there is such a relation, how is it established?

Narratology aims at extracting narrative patterns. So, narratological patterns of every story can be analyzed according to its narrative structures. Mathnavi is one of the most influential works that has been known in Persian literature. Prominent features of this specific work of Molavi is understood by its narrative feature. Therefore, it can lead to the creation and innovation of new patterns. This study is concerned with a structuralist analysis of “padeshah va kanizak” and “sayyade sabzpush” of Mathnavi in terms of narrative elements. It was attempted to use semiotic approach in Paris school in these stories and also deal with plot, actantial model and narrative situations based on narrative models of Jaap linvelt, Propp, and Greimas. This survey shows that the aforementioned stories are all narratives.

In present article Persian liquid words were studied in terms of semiotics. In this research at first, liquid words in Persian have been classified and It has been tried to study the semiotic relations in this lexical field with emphasis on sign types (iconic, indexical and symbolic). Then, denotational and connotational meaning of liquid words have been examined. The results indicate that it is possible to divide them into two groups called semiotic and nonsemiotic liquid. It is important to say that the first group is smaller than the second one. It is also possible to classify the liquid words as iconic, indexical and symbolic signs. But every liquid can not be classified only in one certain type and at times a combination of sign types are expected. The results also show that there is a direct relationship between frequency of liquid words and the addition of their connotational meaning. It can be added that there is a particular relationship between the lexical structure of liquid words in one hand and their connotational meaning on the other hand.

Kahaki is a branch of Iranian north-western languages which has kept its ancient characteristics. Due to these characteristics, it is different from Persian language. Some of these characteristics are: grammatical gender, ergative structure, prefix in the infinitive structure.