فصلنامه طب و تزکیه
سال بیست و دوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 86، بهار 1392)

Background and comparison of the academic situation in various national and international universities may be done as ranking. Improving the quality of university education is an integral part of higher education management. Accurate measurement of specific indicators is an essential precondition of access to education systems quality. Current ranking indicators have not been adequately about teaching and the review on the world ranking systems is needed. The current study has been designed and implemented with the aim of explanation and identification of the teaching ranking Criteria in Iran and world universities. Systematic review of the literature for information on the latest events in the world rankings and teaching criteria via systematic searching of the databases, Academic journals and published books, national and international official reports, papers presented at national and international conferences and journals, research and evaluation projects and academic theses, reports and news related to the ranking were done. European University Association has published a report in 2013 that in addition to analysis of the current status of ranking systems, discuss on the new tool and new project of teaching ranking. Teaching Indicators in this project include: expenditure on teaching as a proportion of total expenditure, graduation rate, interdisciplinary of programs, relative graduate unemployment rate, time to degree, investment in laboratories, the proportion of staff with doctorates, the inclusion of issues relevant to employability in the curriculum, computer facilities comprising hardware, internet access, field-specific software and access to computer support, and student gender balance. Assessment of higher education learning outcomes and students satisfactory indicators are mentioned in this project, too. Due to the globalization of education and development of academic institutions, the necessity of academic performance evaluation is shown. Teaching ranking indicators as a mechanism for analyzing the performance of universities and judges about them are important. Collection and delivery of the indicators for promotion of higher education, and achieve a good position in the world rankings, is a small step that can be taken as a prelude to the development of native teaching ranking standards.

Performance Evaluation of deputy of management and resources development of Iranian Medical Science Universities (on the basis of EFQM Model) in 1389. using organizational excellence models for determining strength points, improvable areas and achievement level of organizations to better quality and performance is very effective. Goal: The objective of this study is Performance Evaluation of all deputy of management and resources development of Iranian Medical Science Universities on the basis of EFQM Model in 2011. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional & practical study that evaluates performance of all deputy in 2011 in a field study. data collected with questionnaire including 125 indicators on the basis of 7 criteria of: Leadership, Policy & Strategy, people, Partnership & Resources,Processes,Costumer Results and Key Performance Results was used in six central areas of deputy. 36 questionnaires were received from 42.and data analysis was performed by Excel and descriptive statistics methods. This study showed that maximum average performance score in deputy of area was 71.43% indicating moderate level of performance. Twelve percent had an appropriate situation. Among the studied, the highest and lowest score was %96.92 and %26.13 respectively. The highest average score in all subordinate units is related to center of management development and administrative reform with 58% and others centers respectively obtained 51.13% 50.09%, 42.98%, 42.93% and 34.93%. Concerning evaluation criteria, the highest score was for processes criterion which obtained percentage of 90%. Other criteria respectively obtained 67% (standard resources and partnerships), 65% (policy and strategy), 43% (key performance results), 43 (leadership), 38.13 (customer results) and 35.56% (people). This model is an appropriate tool for determining strength and improvable points of universities. It is obvious for achieving excellence required continuous cooperation of Universities and concerned with Ministry of Health for implementing plans better.

According to the importance of manpower in all of the organizations and specially hospitals as the most significant center for healthcare provision and considering those evidences assume higher level of creativity in the organizations can lead to higher stage of effectiveness, productivity and satisfaction. This study is conducted to investigate the effect of multi internal organizational factors on creativity and productivity. This was a cross-sectional descriptive analytic study that was conducted on 123 of Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital`s staffs in 1390 that was selected with systematic accidental sampling. The research instrument was a 76-item questionnaire that its face and content validity were determined by expert view. For determination of construct validity in each aspect of the questionnaire, Spearman co-relation was applied. Furthermore, reliability was confirmed using α Chronbach. Data was analyzed by relevant statistical tests on the significant level of 0.05. Results showed that there was a significant statistical relationship among all the aspects of inter- organizational factors and creativity except challenging work. On the other hand, only three dimensions of superior reward, organization reward and adequate resources had a statistical relationship with productivity. As organizational culture and creativity are presented as two predictor factors for effectiveness and production, it is essential to be institutionalized in the organizations. It is also important for managers to develop a creative culture inside their organizations that can be interacted positively with productivity.

AIDS is known as a newfound fatal disease in the world and thousands of people are the victims of it per year. After the patients become aware of having this disease and the ambiguous destiny resulted from it, they will have more tendencies towards religion and spirituality and hereby will become relaxed. This current study aims at recognizing and explaining the AIDS-infected patients’ life experiences of recourse in living with this disease. The phenomenological procedure was used in this qualitative research.The population of this study consisted of 13 AIDS-infected patients selected on a purposebased sampling approach. The data were collected through deep and unstructured interviews. In data analysis, the Colaizzi procedure was run on the data. The participants were 13 AIDS-infected patients age-ranged between 21 and 57 suffering from AIDS by an average of 4.07 years. After analyzing the interview transcriptions, two main themes were resulted: redemption consisted of minor themes of religious vows, prayer, call for amnesty from God, enhancing faith after getting infected; and return to his own origin composed of getting infected as an evolutional factor and the disease as a gift from God. The results show that AIDS-infection as a disease with a particular social as well as fatal nature provides opportunities for most participants to take self-sublimation and evolution path via more contemplation over life and return to their forgotten values. Hence, consultation with psychiatrists and religious experts seems essential in this respect.

Today, development of information technology has revolutionized the process of access, organize, manipulate and display healthcare information. Medical record staff in order to effective management of health information need to skills for using Information Technology. The aim of this study was to survey level of medical records staff’s familiarity with computer and the basic concepts of information technology. This was cross-sectional study; it was conducted in the first trimester year of 2011. The population of the study consisted of all of medical record staff was graduated in medical records Course in hospitals affiliated to Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. Data gathering instrument was a questionnaire. Gathering Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. The staff’s familiarity with the basic concepts of computer and information technology was moderate. Among the various IT skills, familiarity to Office package was the most skills with an average rating (2.78), and familiarity to Internet and World Wide Web was the less skill with an average rating (2.43). In the ability to use office software packages, familiarity to Microsoft Word was the most skills with an average rating (3.85), and familiarity to Access was the less skill with an average rating (2.65). It is necessary to increase staff skills of computer and information technology according to the change from paper medical records to electronic and the role of medical record staffs in health information management.

Historical research is a method of knowledge acquisition. Knowledge of the past helps to inform research design that includes explanatory background necessary to establish on understanding of the phenomena under study. The aim of this paper is illustration the primary and secondary sources in historical research. This article is a review. The information has been developed by searching in library and the internet resources. Using historical research methods to study nursing and medicine practice, education and administration allows us to understand relationships and to view the world from a broader perspective. Selecting historical research design as the research method of choice requires that researchers understand what history is; possess an understanding of various social, political, and economic factors that affect events, ideas, and people; have interest in the subject; and be creative in their approaches. In historical research as well as other research is needed to collect data but, the researcher should ensure that the accuracy and originality of the data. The researcher can obtain data from primary sources such as first reports of the experience of the individual, organization or event, personal letters, personal notes and diaries or from secondary sources such as newspapers, journal articles and books related to the time the study. When selecting sources, the genuineness and authenticity of those sources becomes an important issue. In historical research, researcher must obtain primary or secondary sources based on research subject. He should be ensure the accuracy of resources.

The success of every organization undoubtedly depends on an efficient monitoring&evaluating system. The lack of an effective hospital accreditation system not only will lead to increase the health care costs but also will put the health of population at risk. This research was a practical study in 2010-2011 and its intention was presentation of guidelines for hospital accreditation process in IRIN by reviewing it in the selected countries. This research was a practical–comparative study. GoogleScholar، PubMed، ScienceDirect, Google, SID data bases and also related books have used to gathering data. Sampling was purposeful and Canada, Farance, India, South Africa on America, Europe, Asia, Africa, were selected for study. And also have used comparative-analytic method for content analysis The study of hospital accreditation process in selected countries showed that Certification practicaly is different from accreditation. Certification usually is a mandatory process while accreditation is voluntary. Also hospitals accreditation perform by the national and independent organizations and the organizations that accredit hospitals and other health institutions, consist of all representatives involved in health care services. Although had done good actions at accreditation enrichment field by editing of new checklists by recent years in IRAN, but we can say that participation of all representatives in health care services is necessary for organize of accreditation process. Also licensing and accreditating, should be separated.