فصلنامه آفاق امنیت
پیاپی 10 (بهار 1390)

The events and political developments in the years after the collapse of the bipolar system show that a wider range of countries have been subjected to political subversion. In this process, patterns of America’s security action have been changed. Security considers as a structural necessity. Therefore,theme of political subversion in countries like Syria must be considered as a part of America’s security interests in the Arab Middle East geopolitical zone which it also has a special important for security of Europe and Israel. The events of spring and summer 2011 in the Arab Middle East show that America has used model of the confiscation of social evolutions. According to this approach, the pattern of America behavior in Egypt and Tunisia has been based on crisis control and thus change of rulers took place rather than structural change. American agents’ Approach also has been based on Model of preserving Agent- Structure in Saudi Arabia and Bahrain. However, America, France, Germany and Britain security attitude is different in Syria, as though they intend to politically overthrow the Baath artystructure and Syria political radical system. To achieve this end, they use Tactics of deauthorization, delegitimization, identity-building and identity construction, mobilization of social groups and creating a sense of relative deprivation. Each of the tactics mentioned above can be seen as a part of America security policy in order to political subversion in Syria. This approach is analyzed in light of Michael Doyle’s neo-liberal approach and political thought of Immanuel Kant’s democratic government.

Following the collapse of the bipolar system, regional issues which were mainly influenced by American-Soviet relations became of special importance and value. The transition from an almost rigid system result in more active role the world countries especially at the regional level. Since the various theories of international relations have focused on many aspects of the Regionalism, it still requires removal of its defects. In addition, several criteria including geographic proximity, existence of a financial, economic, political, cultural and religious center, regional institutions and Increased economic interaction have been used for definition of this term that per se increase the complexities associated with Regionalism. On the other hand, in spite of relatively successful experiences about regional integration in some world regions such as Europe and Southeast Asia, the Persian Gulf region regards as an exception in this area, and efforts to promoting regional integration in this region have not been successful. Also many observers believe that there is not a clear outlook in this case. Having examinedthe various theories about Regionalism By combining constructivism and rational choice theory, the present article analyzes Regionalism in the Persian Gulf and within model of pluralistic security community provides a good model for this region. Examining the ongoing challenges for such apluralistic security community in the Persian Gulf, the article endeavors to explain techniques for dealing with these challenges.

The present paper is an attempt to examining policy-Making in Islamic Republic of Iran in the verses from the Holy Quran. The main problem for Islamic Republic of Iran is how to do social policy-makingin this field. Since formation of the Islamic Revolution of Iran is based on religious beliefs on, thus policy-making in this regard also is base on the Quranic model.

Security building is a strategic necessity for countries in all history. In every age, players attend to special form of security building. Hence, the period after the second wave of the Industrial Revolution is well-known as era of Neo-mercantilism. However, regional and international security formations of Countries faced with fundamental changes during the 1960s i.e. the era of the third wave of the industrial revolution. The most important signs of such changes are “structural control” of playersand political processes. In other words, every strategic evolution is connected to circumstances of the complex security building. The Western industrialized countries started this model in the late 19th century that it has continued as before (2011). Requirements for structural control in security building involve increase of macro powers intervention in the internal affairs of other countries. So, actors such as Islamic Republic of Iran, which has been dealing with international threats from western world, needs to recognize international politics main actors’ patterns of power-finding and power building, because only this way can meet needs of the Revolutionary countries and Iran’s security building.The main question this paper is that: “following changing the global economy structure from mercantilism to neo-mercantilism, what will changes in the nature of security? In response to the question above, suggests that security has found indirect, non-instrumental and software-basednature in the structure of neo-mercantilism. In order to explain this article, we have used neo-liberal approach to security. Naturally, in this article the analytical approach of theorists such as Joseph Nye and Michael Horten is of particular importance.

The theme of hegemony in international relations, especially in mainstream of the field (Rationalism) and emphasis on epistemological and ontological principles which had been contexts of its formation in the political west, has seen other faces in Iran’s Islamic Revolution as Anti-hegemony model. Emphasis on presentation of independent research system and model with full independence from the rational model in social science and international relations represents the Islamist performance of this model. The main question of this paper is that what is the epistemological principles of Islamism research program and role of the Islamic revolution and Islamic Republic of Iran in this research program? The central hypothesis of this paper is that principles of Islamist research program consist of belief-oriented,deism and humanism and identity of the political unit which is based on this research program, has been revisionist identity and security attitude of the political unit is identity-oriented attitude to structure of international system.

The process of transforming defensive technology from mechanical to atomic systems and then information systems and biotechnological and technological systems and also introducing space as the fourth stage of war area and developing nanotechnology in various aspects have changed attitudes ofmilitary experts towards defensive technology (McKitrick and et al, 1995). Following development of military technologies a few troops (forces) have dominated a lot of regions with high technology and have reduced number of armed forces. Important part of this technology is related to space-based systems, which they are used the military operation in various fields such as image and electronic recognition, telecommunications, meteorology, guidance, tracking, navigation, supervision and control and so on. Important and pivotal usage of these systems is way of coordinating and organizing themwith the framework of a command and control system with a holistic and comprehensive designing in order to establish information domination (total information), whose operational usages nowadays clearly are observable in the Middle East. Obviously the first step for dealing or using these systems isunderstanding the system and its subsets. The space based information systems play an important role in creating information domination and without them, purposes of information domination will not be achieved and at the same time space sector’s role in the future wars will increase, given the complexity of defensive technology. It should be noted that space systems have unique characteristics and often they are not within the rules of international law and so use of them don’t have legal responsibility for our country (Golroo, 1390). Therefore in this paper, components of national security from the perspective of vulnerability through the air and space systems are studiedand analyzed.

The records show one of the enemies’ tactical strategies (in particular America) against Islamic Republic of Iran is provocation of vulnerable populations, especially ethnic and religious groups residing in the border provinces. Therefore, study on the demographic various aspects of ethnics, tribes and their place in territorial defense of the country have extraordinary importance. On the basis of the studies and researches, the moment that the enemies (in particular America) carry probable invasion out against Iran, we can use Khuzestan Arabs and the potential and opportunities of the region in territorial defense and they completely will defend their territory. But in order to further readiness the Arabs requires developmental actions such as economic, political, social, cultural, educational affairsin Khuzestan province for solving the people fundamental problems that partly arise from incorrect function of the past regimes and the imposed war. Accordingly, Khuzestan Arabs will defend their homeland with more power and without any problems and concerns of life.