مجله زنان مامائی و نازائی ایران
سال شانزدهم شماره 65 (هفته سوم شهریور ماه 1392)

Preeclampsia has high prevalence and important complications. According to the possibility of being a relationship between Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and preeclampsia and the controversial results of few studies which done in this topic، the present study was carried out to investigate the relationship between G6PD and preeclampsia. This case-control study was conducted on 115 postpartum women with or without preeclampsia. Sampling method was available. Demographic variables and clinical laboratory results (levels of G6PD enzyme، hemoglobin، red blood cells and reticulocytes) were assessed. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16 and kolmogorov-smirnov، t-test، non parametric and chi-square tests. P value less than 0. 05 was considered significant. 115 women with mean age of 28. 4±5. 4 years were divided into two groups of postpartum women with history of preeclampsia (n=58) and without history of preeclampsia (n=57). The G6PD enzyme level (p<0. 001) and reticulocytes level (p=0. 005) were significantly lower in women with preeclampsia. There was significant difference in mean of systolic and diastolic blood pressure between two groups (p<0. 001). But the differences of mean age (p=0. 207)، gravidity (p=0. 194)، gestational age (p=0. 1)، mean of hemoglobin (p=0. 104) and mean of red blood cell (p=0. 163) were not statistically significant in both groups. G6PD enzyme and reticulocytes levels are significantly lower in women with preeclampsia.

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is one of the most common disorders among women of reproductive age that has negative effects on women performance and emotion. As there are several factors that influence the prevalence of PMS, the present study was done to investigate the worldwide prevalence of PMS using meta-analysis method. In a meta-analysis with random-effects model, the ISI, Pubmed and Scopus databases were searched and 53 articles from 1996-2011were extracted. After reviewing the articles based on inclusion criteria, 17 studies were selected. Results of these studies were evaluated with a random-effects model meta-analysis. Variance of each study was obtained using binomial distribution. Heterogeneity of study was checked using I2 index. In total of 17 papers, 18803 people entered into the meta analysis and the pooled prevalence of PMS was obtained 48%. Pooled prevalence of PMS was reported 40% in Europe, 85% in Africa, 46% in Asia and 60% in South America. Meta-regression scatter plot revealed that with increasing the sample size, the prevalence of PMS decreased. The difference was statistically significant (p=0.013). However, the correlation between prevalence of PMS and year of study was not significant (p=0.797). Studies carried out in different parts of the world have examined the prevalence of PMS using different tools. Considering that the highest prevalence of premenstrual syndrome has been reported in Iran, measure of the disorder in different age, social and cultural groups using appropriate assessment tools is recommended.

As breast milk can cover baby’s basic nutritional needs، it is the best food for infants. Prolactin is essential for lactation. This hormone is bound to the hormone receptors that are located on alveolar producing milk cells and milk production starts. So far، no research has been done to show the effect of foeniculum on prolactin levels in humans. This study was conducted to determine the effect of foeniculum on prolactin in humans to increase knowledge of obstetric community. This research was a before and after intervention study that was conducted on 46 cases referred to Asyabad clinic in Ahvaz، Iran in 2012. Data was collected based on demographic questionnaires. The samples were investigated with 3gr of foeniculum divided into 6 capsules daily for 15 days; each capsule contained 500 mg of foeniculum powder. Serum prolactin level was evaluated two times: before prescribing foeniculum capsules and 16 days after prescribing the capsules. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 19، Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Wilcoxon tests. P value less than 0. 001 was considered significant. The mean ofserum prolactin level before the intervention was 64. 55±32. 06 ng/ml and after the intervention was 95. 55±65. 90 ng/ml and the difference in serum prolactin level before and after the intervention was 30. 99±44. 78 ng/ml that according to the Wilcoxon test، the difference was significant (p<0. 001). Foeniculum significantly affects on serum prolactin level in lactating mothers.