پژوهشنامه انقلاب اسلامی
پیاپی 7 (تابستان 1392)

It is necessary to study types and levels of diplomacy based on the paradigm of Islamic Thought. This paper explains new types and levels of diplomacy based on Imam Khomeini''s thought. After redefining the diplomacy in this paradigm، a three-layers diplomacy will be explained. Three levels of diplomacy are derived from three humanistic ground and three dimensions of «pure Islam» and different types of diplomacy can be defined in these three layers. Also، appropriate definition of this paradigm will present for public diplomacy and cultural diplomacy. And Training diplomacy will be introduced as a new concept and new term. In addition، other types of diplomacy، such as awakening diplomacy and unity diplomacy، would be defined in this level.

Today public diplomacy as one of the aspects of soft power has a major role in shaping and leading foreign policy. Since this kind of diplomacy is dealing with people and shaping public opinion، it has been considered important by states. States are attempting to influence public opinion in order to attain their national interests. To this، as the Islamic Republic of Iran has an Islamic، cultural and revolutionary nature has tried to use public diplomacy in its foreign relations. This paper attempts to clarify the principles of public diplomacy in the framework of the Islamic revolution principles and values. The main discussion in this paper is that there is a relation between the Islamic Republic of Iran’s public diplomacy and the Islamic revolution values and Iran has tried to promote and expand the Islamic revolution values among public opinion.

Sayyid Qutb، the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood’s eminent thinker، has influenced his age to a large extent. He was the link between the first generation of Muslim Brotherhood members and the later ones. His thoughts and political activities introduced a pattern that was followed by the next generation of Muslim militants all over the world، including Iran، where Muslim political activists were fighting against the Pahlavi Regime. The similarities between his thought and those of revolutionary Islamic forces in Iran can be an interesting scholarly topic. The main question in this paper is: what was the place of Sayyid Qutb’s thought among religious activists in the pre-Revolutionary Iran? Direct and indirect personal contacts with Sayyid Qutb and some of his prominent followers، access to his works، some of which were translated into Persian، led to the spread of his thought in Iran. His thought was welcomed by religious-minded activists، as it can be seen in the introductions written by translators to the Persian translations of his works، criticisms of his thought as well as the expressing of the need for his views in works written by Iranian Muslim activists.

we can find two discourses during the constitutional revolution in iran: «constitutional clergy» and discourse of intellectual، By temporary coaltion of these two discourses، they defeated the tyranny. During this political act، specific kind of iranian Constitutional appeared by the initial interaction between these two discourses، which turned into alteraction during the next subsequents. this intelctual alteraction caused failure to reach primary goals. Thus،the key question is that: why the interaction between discourses of “constitutional clergy «And secular intellectuals became alteraction between them? By using» discourses theory «we can said: During the constitutional، discourse of Intellectuals providing false face of western constitutional thought، this declination caused Ulama having wrong conception with constitional thoght. It brought coalition between “constitutional clergy» and intellectuals discourse as historical result of this issue،clergy exit from the old passivity and involved with the problem of government and stateman in shia community in epoch of abssence. First the clergymen disscourse failed to achive the islamic pattern but as the next transformations coming by islamic revolution، the floating signs accepted by this discours and started to moving ahed to constitute islamic government to defence islam and islamic orders.

Regarding the cause of close and linked relationship between Israel and United states several assumptions have been made. The assumptions can be classified into three perspectives including: the existence of common values and identity in the two countries culture، influence of Jewish lobbies supporting Israel in the foreign policy-making system and guiding the policies the direction of Israel’s interests and finally the existence of common strategic interests in the relations. The study based on these perspectives examines Israeli-US alliance against the Islamic revolution of Iran. This study evaluates that the existence of common strategic interests between the two countries is the most influential factor which line up the two countries in a united front against the Islamic Republic of Iran. For this purpose، the first two arguments are examined and we explain the reasons for their weakness. Finally، the third view - existence of common strategic interests between the two countries - will be discussed.

From the time of victory of Islamic Revolution، Iran has been the most important challenge to the American Foreign policy، and from that time till now، this problem and confrontation has become more critical. In fact، one of the main challenges of American presidents during three decades ago has been the question of how to interact and deal with Iran. This research tends to answer to the question that has Obama’s foreign policy toward Iranian nuclear issue changed، or it is continuation of the past. To answer the question، the theory of James N. Rosenau is used. The result shows that in spite of his slogans about the change، Obama has not changed his attitude and policy toward Iranian revolution، and what is going on in the United States is the continuation of the past.

Britain is seen as one of the influential governments with a long history of presence in Iranian contemporary history affecting domestic politics of Iran in order to maintain and increase its national interests during 19th and 20th centuries in Qajar and Pahlavi eras. The event of Islamic Revolution in 1979 which led to the establishment of Islamic Republic of Iran، as one of the important developments in 20th centuries، disrupted this process and undermined the goals and interests of UK in Iran and to a greater extent posed a challenge to it in the whole region of the Middle East. This article is an attempt to evaluate the British stance government towards revolution during the years in which the revolution was taking place (1978-1980)، trying to explore and analyses policies، and behaviors of this European government towards the Islamic revolution. The article will also try to find the answers to this question that the British reaction to the Islamic revolution was based on what kind of assumptions، goals، interests، and policies and actions.