مجله فنون ادبی
سال پنجم شماره 2 (پیاپی 9، پاییز و زمستان 1392)

Different social classes، craftsmen،and residents in cities and villages are influenced by classical، sexual، regional، religious، and mental characteristics، and so have their typical linguistic variationsin the atmosphere of the contemprory fictions is one of the prerogatives of this epoch literature. It spoils the aesthetic aspect of the work to ignore the autonomy of characters and impose the wills of the authors upon the story. It is crucial for the author، in viewpoint of author success in characterization and illusion of realism، to coordinate linguistic functions and typical characters. This article is to analyse the long story of Nun val Qalam in this point. Our method is qualitative and the data are analysed library based manner. It is deduced that there is no coordination between linguistic functions and typical characters، which is due to the influence of the author over the characters; in other words، it appears that Ale Ahmad has made the story a domain for expanding his political views and criticizing opponents.

Rhetoricarts in addition to their beautifying fnnctions have differenteffects on speech. Inner music is one of the effects of fine arts that can play an important role in making beautiful speech and its effect on addresse. As aresult، inner music is akind of music that is created by using vocal fine arts. The arts that use words by means of similarities. most of vowels and consonants to be relationship to be created between them. We must take into consideration that the repetition of basic part of musicis inner and the most important characteristic of music is taken into account. Since if it is not repetitive it causes no rhythm and no harmony. In fact، the repetition is highly appreccated in musical note and in spelling of words and sentences and poems. The repetitive kinds، pun، and rhythm are wholly rhetoric arts that have an important role in creating the inner music of poem. In this research، we intend to review the factors of music making from the point of view of descriptive and analytic regarding a sample of prose poem. The process research shows that the repetition is a part of the rhetoric arts that by creating music in this prose work، causes considerable help to understanding concepts and meanings in view of Eyn Ol Ghozat.

According to researchers, rows can be one of the main components of the ancient Persian poetry as Iranian-made talent and initiative. Row as one of the pillars of the music aside, has played a major role in classical Persian poetry. And the past Persian chorus According to compose poems of rows shown. In the early Persian poetry, little of the row is used But the evolution of the Persian poetry to the inputs, Application of the row will have more Go to the review of the application of the simple parts of the hard parts. One of the poets who have shown special attention to the row and Application forms are high-frequency line in his poem, is khaghani. In these essays, is trying to hit the angle of the line in the poem is Khaghani. We provide accurate statistics of the poem with row and without row and types of rows Was investigated Across the court poet. His poems have a row and was much more than non row poems. Statistics a variety of row show that row of verb is most frequently used type of row in the poem of khaghani. In other hand also examined in row functions Khaghani and The result was that the main functions of row in his poem are: Create unity between poet and audience, Row coordinate with the theme of the poem, Creating new forms of thought and composition, Highlight an image or theme, Induce a sense of inner poet, Unity of thought and imagination, Strengthening of Music Lyrics, Create visual pleasure and Cover defects of rhyme.

One of the most fundamental acts of historiography is to classify historical information in diachronic axis. The method of this classification or periodization shows the theoretical approach of the historian and determines the structure and the form of his history. Because of multiple criteria of analysis and various literary genres، periodization in literary history is more complicated than that of general history. We can distinguish two approaches in periodization of literary history، although these can be used together: extrinsic or social-cultural approach (based on criteria extrinsic to literature) and intrinsic or formalist approach (based on criteria intrinsic to literature). Then periodization in literary history can be formulated in different methods and base upon various criteria: chronological such as century، decade and year; organic patterns of evolution; great poets and writers; literary emblems and evaluations of every period; events، concepts and periods of general or political history; analogy of literary history and art or ideas history; approaches and ways of language; dominant literary norms. These methods actually are used together and everyone has adequacy in special kind of literary history.

Simile as the main element of imagination has a leading function in the creation of various types of poetic images. Seif Farghani is an image maker poet who، via the aid of this element، takes step in the field of original and inspiring image making. In this research، the similes of Seif Farghani’s odes، are investigated from different aspects like types of simile، materials of simile، new simile، simile instruments and their static and dynamic nature and، at the end، their statistic analysis will be presented so that، in addition to knowing how to employ expressive instruments to create poetry and their impact on the poet’s style and language، the basic criteria of Seif Farghani’s poetry aesthetics would be presented to the reader. This study proves that، regarding types of simile، the poet has more tendency to impact similes and addition simile، singular to singular simile and sensory to sensory ones، and considering the formal structure subtrahend simile has the most frequency in his poems. While the poet has sometimes embodied several formal structures in one simile which has aroused innovation، he is also the inventor of novel similes which are unique in their own type. As to different materials of simile، the poet، according to his own particular thought، has more tendencies toward spiritual and abstract concepts whereas، from the moshabah beh point of view، he has dedicated the highest frequency to instruments and objects in his images. The study of the angle of simile shows that only about 1/3 of his similes are with open angle and innovative and the rest are recurring and his poetic images are static rather than dynamic and animated