Hormozgan Medical Journal
Volume:17 Issue: 5, 2013

The use of Sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine (SP) for treatment of vivax malaria is not common in most of malarious areas because of sensivity of this parasite to chloroquine. But، Plasmodium vivax isolates are exposed to SP because of mixed infection with P. falciparum and this subject has lead to emergence of mutations in P. vdhfr gene. As Plasmodium vivax is the most prevalent species of human malaria parasites in Iran، monitoring of resistance of the parasite against the drug would be necessary. In this study، 50 blood samples of symptomatic patients were collected from four separated geographical regions of south-east of Iran. Point mutations at residues 57، 58 were detected by PCR-RFLP method. Polymorphism at positions 58R، of Pvdhfr gene has been found in 12% of isolates and mutation at residue F57 was not detected. Alleles with two points mutations in Pvdhfr gene were not found. This study showed that P. vivax in Iran is under the pressure of SP and the sensitivity level of the parasite to SP determines that this subject can lead to emergence of influence mutations in increase of drug resistance. So، this fact must be considered in development of malaria control program.

Glutathione S-tarnsferases (GST) gene family is one of the enzymes which is responsible for detoxifying mutagens and Carcinogens chemicals. People with null genotype of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes are at higher risk of developing cancer، especially those who are related to smoking. The goal of this study was investigating the rate of glutathione S-transferase T1 and M1 genes deletion and their role in patients with lung cancer. In this case-control study، DNA extraction with salting out method was carried out upon 70 healthy controls and 30 patients with lung cancer. For determining deletions، a multiplex PCR was performed for GSTT1، GSTM1 and beta-globin as a control gene. Statistical analysis was done by Pearson''s chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test. Out of 30 patients and 70 controls: 3 (10%) cases and one (1. 4%) control were double null genotype; while in 19 (63. 3%) patients and 59 (84. 3%) controls، none of the genes were deleted. In 5 (16. 7%) cases and 5 (7. 1%) controls GSTT1 were deleted and in 9 (30%) cases and 7 (10%) controls GSTM1 was deleted. Statistical analysis showed that GSTM1 deletion is significantly higher in patients in comparison to the controls (P=0. 018). Deletion of at least one of the GSTM1 or GSTT1 genes was significantly higher in patients group compar to the controls (P=0. 033). Deletion in glutathione S-transferse genes was related to detoxifying carcinogenes and this could have been related to the development of lung cancer; and in people with at least one deletion or both، the risk of lung cancer was more (especially GSTM1) comparing with those who have two wild type genotypes of these two genes

Studies show polymorphism in leptin gene cause increase in level of leptin hormone and increased level of leptin hormon is associated with abosity، insulin resistance and increased risk of colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of leptin gene polymorphism rs 7799039 in Tehran and to investigate the influence of this polymorphism in increased risk of colorectal cancer. In this case-control study، genotyping of the leptin gene were determined in series of 108 colorectal cancer patients and 108 controls by using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism genotyping assays (PCR-RFLP). The statistical analysis was done with SPSS 16. The frequency of A allele in patient group and control group were 52. 8% and 62. 5%، respectively. In this study allele frequency showed significant deference between patient group and control group (P=0. 04). In patient group frequency of GG، GA، AA for leptin gene were 19. 4%، 55. 6% and 25%، respectively and in control were 38%، 49. 1% and 13%. These findings suggest that polymorphism Leptin rs 7799039، is associated with decreased risk of CRC

Adenoid hypertrophy is associated with high morbidity rate in children. Although surgical treatment is indicated in severe cases، but there are evidences that some medical interventions are effective in improvement. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of corticosteroid nasal spray on reduction of airway obstruction due to adenoid hypertrophy. In a clinical trial study، 50 children aged 2-11 years suffering from excessive adenoid hypertrophy were administered by Mometason nasal spray in two age groups of 2-4 and 5-11 years for duration of 12-week. All subjects were evaluated for adenoid size and grade of airway obstruction before and after the intervention by lateral neck radiography. Radiographic findings and clinical responses were changed significantly after treatment which was greater in the 2-4 years old group. Adenoid size was significantly less than its size before treatment and the severity of upper airway obstructive signs and symptoms decreased in two groups. No side effects reported. Total score of the signs for nasal obstruction and the rate of airway obstruction by lateral neck radiography were lower than 12 weeks before drug therapy and the last did not changed during 3 months follow-up. Topical nasal corticosteroid can lead to decrease in size of the adenoid and the severity of upper airway obstructive signs and symptoms of children with adenoid hypertrophy. The effects did not change after 3 months follow-up.

Osteoporosis is an important health issue in the world and its prevalence is increasing. Osteoporosis is known as silent disease، because is usually diagnosed after fractures. The aim of current study was to assess the bone density in post menopause women referred to Shahid Mohammad hospital، Bandar Abbas، in 2010. This descriptive، cross sectional study was done on post menopause women refried to Shahid Mohammadi hospital for bone densitometry in 2010. Using simple sampling، 404 women were selected. Bone densitometry was done using T Score and FRAX was calculated. Demographic data was also collected using a checklist. Data was analyzed using SPSS 18 software. Descriptive statistics and Independent T-test، Chi-Square، and ANOVA were used for data analysis. Mean age of the participants were 57. 398±8. 349 years. Among the participant 182 (45%) were osteopenic، 179 (44. 3%) were osteoporotic، and 43 (10. 6%) were healthy. A significant relationship was found between bone density and age، addiction، diet، corticosteroid use، OCP use، and physical activities، but there was no relationship between weight، height، history of fracture، and smoking. Also FRAX index were related to age، height، number of pregnancies، calcium use، water pipe use، addiction، corticosteroid use، and physical activity، but was not related to history of fracture، weight، and smoking. According to our findings which shows a high risk for femur fracture in women with higher than 65 years old، screening for osteoporosis and interventions for prevention of fracture is recommended in this age group.

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) may have harmful effects on neonate health. Since Apgar score is the first investigation indicator of neonate health، this study was conducted to investigate the relation between GDM and neonate Apgar score. This study is a case-control one، in which 50 neonates from mothers suffering from GDM and 100 neonates from healthy ones born in 2005-2010 in Vali-e-Asr hospital، Fasa، Iran، were selected randomly based on their medical file numbers. The cases were homogeneous regarding gestational age and were compared regarding their fetal features and apgar score in the first and fifth minutes after the birth. Then، Apgar score of the neonates from healthy mothers and those suffering from GDM were compared by T-test. Then using multivariate regresion، the relation between GDM and the neonate Apgar score were investigated after omitting confounder factors effect. The average age of the mothers suffering from GDM and control group were 31. 5±5. 0 and 27. 6±6. 3 years old، respectively. Also، the average gestational age of the former and the later were 37. 9±1. 6 and 38. 3±1. 7 weeks، respectively. Apgar score of the first minute in the neonates of the former and the later were 8. 6±0. 6 and 8. 7±0. 7، respectively (P=0. 157). But، Apgar score of the fifth minute in the former 9. 5±0. 6 was significantly lower than the later 9. 8±0. 4 (P=0. 002). Regression analysis showed that the difference between Apgar score of the fifth minute in both groups wasn’t affected by confounder variables and this was just due to GDM. Since Apgar score of the fifth minute in the neonates from the mothers suffering from GDM was significantly lower than those from healthy ones and due to the fact that apgar score indicator decrease leads to some disorders and problems in the neonates from the mothers suffering from GDM، taking the neonates into consideration as much as possible would be helpful in improving health level

Epilepsy is the most common chronic neurological disease among the general population. Usually this disease appears before puberty، and will continue and it can combine with behavioral or psychological symptoms. Epilepsy can affect mental health، self-esteem and aggression of pupils suffers from epilepsy. This is a descriptive study، in which 24، 12 to 18 years old pupils with epilepsy were matched with 24 normal pupils. The subjects were not informed of their selection and the aim of this study. The General Health، Rosenberg self-esteem Scale and Ahwaz Aggression Questionnaires in both groups were administered individually. For analyzing the data، MANOVA statistical method was used. The results showed that there are significant differences between the pupils with epilepsy and non-epileptic puplis in the mental health and self-esteem scores (P<0. 01). So، puplis with epilepsy in terms of mental health and self-esteem were poorer and more in dire situation. The risk of epileptic seizures can reduce adolescent mental health and self-esteem. It seems that adolescences need more attention in mental health aspects

Every project of information systems is to develop by four main stages of analysis; design، implementation and evaluation. This study was addressed to determine the current and desired status of benefits achieved in hospital information system and evaluate the success rate of hospital information system project in Shahid Mohammadi hospital، Bandar Abbas، Iran. This cross - sectional study was done in 2012. The target population of this research was all managers and experts involved in implementing hospital information system، in Shahid Mohammadi hospital. A questionnaire with confirmed validity and reliability was used to collect the data. Wilcox on test was used for statistical analysis، using SPSS software and the gap between current and desired situation was determined، using gap analysis model. The results show that use of hospital information system tends to realize the clinical benefits (55. 52%)، management benefits (56. 72%) and the financial benefits (60. 67%) in current status. The least gap of the expected status is related to financial (23. 79%)، clinical (26. 17%) and managerial (26. 91%) aspects. According to the results، in management m an administrative dashboard in hospital information system can be produced to reduce the gaps in management and have quick access to clinical and para-clinical data. To escalate financial benefits and resuce insurance payment problems، hospital balance reports is suggested

The usage of valid، reliable، rapid and low cost instruments for measurement of physical activity (PA) volume are essential in epidemiological and clinical studies. The purpose of this study was to develop a new physical activity prediction model using physiological and anthropometric variables in middle aged men. Daily physical activity was measured with pedometer throughout the day for 2 consecutive week in 101 40-65 years old men. Anthropometric variables، total daily energy expenditure and Vo2rest were measured. Linier regression was used to obtain prediction model with independent variables. A significant correlation was found between average steps per day and independent variable P<0. 001). Daily steps was predictable with BMI، BMR، TDEE and VO2rest (r2=0. 961، SEE=767 steps/day، P<0. 001). A significant correlation was found between the measured and predicted PA (steps/day) in samples (P<0. 001). This study show that BMI، BMR، TDEE and VO2rest are useful variables in predicting daily PA volume. It seems that regression linear equation can be applied at clinical and epidemiological studies

Infection and inflammation of organs adjacent to gastrointestinal tract may cause a pathological connection. Patient: In this report، complicated appendicitis caused protrusion of right ovary and tube into the sigmoid colon of a 40-year-old infertile woman. The mass appearing as a polypoid lesion during colonoscopy caused abdominal pain and bleeding and proved to be right adnexa pathologically. In many cases ruptured appendicitis، adnexa may protrude in large intestine lumen and mimic rectal polyp symptoms associated with infertility، hence a precise history taking and accurate colonoscopy may aid in diagnosis of this condition