مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان
سال دوازدهم شماره 8 (پیاپی 55، آبان 1392)

Protective factors refer to positive action strategies that build resiliency in youth. Emotional control expressiveness style is the major protective factor that contributes to the development of resiliency in youth and the implications for building effective prevention programs in substance abuse. This research was designed to investigate the relationship between emotional control expressiveness and resilience against narcotics substance use in high school male students. The method of present research was cross sectional study. The sample included 180 male students 14-18 years old that were selected using multi stage random sampling from high risk area of high schools of Karaj city. Research instruments included: a) a researcher made questionnaire for demographic information، b) resilience against narcotics substance use questionnaire and c) emotional control expressiveness questionnaire (ECQ). The results showed that the relationship between emotional control expressiveness، emotional inhibition (p=0. 001)، aggression control (p=0. 006) and rumination (p=0. 001) with resilience is inverse and significant. In predicting resiliency against drug use، the role of emotional inhibition plays a more predictable resiliency against drug use. Resiliency against drug use has a significant relationship with the family''s economic situation. (p=0. 024) Overall، findings support the effective role of emotions and emotional control expressiveness styles in developing resilience of adolescence against narcotics substance use. Therfore، necessary education for youths is necessary.

Dexamethasone is a widely use glucocorticoid and its prescription has been increased during the recent years. In the present study the effects of dexamethasone on the reproductive system of male mice was investigated. In this experimental study، 50 adult male NMRI mice were randomly divided into five groups as experimental، sham and control. Experimental groups were given dexamethasone at a dose of 4 mg/ kg، 7 mg/ kg and 10 mg/ kg respectively by intraperitoneally injection on 7 consecutive days. Sham group was injected with saline while control group received nothing. One day after the last injection، all animals were anesthetized. The mice and their testes were weighed. After preparation of microscopic slides، height of the epididymis and deferens epithelium was determined using Image tool software. The data were analyzed statistically using ANOVA and Scheffe test. The mean height of epididymis and deferens duct epithelium in experimental groups significantly decreased compared to sham and control group (p=0. 001). Meanwhile، the severity of this reduction was dose-dependent and in 7 mg/ kg group was significantly reduced. Although، the mean testicular weight of mice in experimental groups showed no significant differences compared to control group the mean weight of animals only in 7 mg/ kg group significantly decreased compared to sham and control group (p=0. 042). The present study indicated that repeated injections of dexamethasone resulted in detrimental effects on the reproductive system by numerous changes in the epididymis and deferens duct and fertility of male mice consequently.

Coetaneous leishmaniasis is a protozoan infection which is caused by different species belonging to the genous Leishmania. Cutaneous leishmania have mostly wet and secretory sores so they create suitable environment for the growth of bacteria، fungi and other microorganisms، which results in secondary infections. In this study glucose oxidase has been used for the treatment of the bacterial strains isolated from coetaneous leishmaniasis sores. Isolated bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa، Escherichia coli، Proteus vulgaris، Staphylococcus epidermidis and Corynebacterium xerosis. This loboratory study was performed on secondary bacterial infections of coetaneous leishmaniasis of 50 patients admitted to Sedighe Tahere hospital- Isfahan. In this research various dilution of glucose oxidase 10Ku/ml (0. 5، 0. 25، 0. 125، 0. 062، 0. 031، 0. 015، 0. 007، 0. 003، 0. 001) were used for assessing antibacterial effects by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and agar disk diffusion methods. Based on the results، isolated bacteria from the sores (Escherichia coli، Proteus vulgaris، Pseudomonas aeruginosa، Staphylococcus epidermidis and Corynebacterium xerosis) showed great sensitivity to the glucose oxidase at various dilutions. Glucose oxidase، had inhibitory activity against the gram-positive and the gram-negative bacteria، thus this enzyme can be used for the treatment of the bacterial secondary infections of the sores of leishmaniasis.

Today، the range of information and knowledge and the speed of production of science has increased dramatically. Using these information in the universities requires that the students become aware of the existing information sites. Although، these days internet as the biggest source of information is accessible، specific methods and also relative strategies are required for its application. Therefore، the aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the information literacy of the students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Science (RUMS) during 2010. This cross-sectional study was performed on 260 university students of RUMS. The data was collected by a questionnaire based on a Likert scale of five points (never=1، very low= 2، low=3، moderate=4، high=5). Data were analyzed using t-test، Pearson''s correlation coefficient and one-way ANOVA. Mean and standard deviation of students'' familiarity with information resources were calculated as 2. 70±0. 58، the amount of resources 2. 56±0. 68 and the degree of information literacy to 2. 62±0. 60 (of 5 scores). The results showed that there is a significant difference (p<0. 001) among nursing students'' information literacy rates (2. 84±0. 59) with the college of medicine (2. 42±0. 47) and dentistry (2. 36±0. 60). Results of the present study indicated that the information literacy of the students was less than average. Necessary education in information literacy could improve this situation. Results of our study also indicate that currently the students are dissatisfied with the presentation of this skill at the university level.

Shiraz is one of the key cities of Iran in terms of medical facilities with more than 34 specialty and sub- specialty hospitals like Namazi، Heart، Organ Transplant and Eye Hospital. These hospitals which are well-known in the region and around the world are doing treatment tourism in a limited scale. This paper aims to investigate the potentials of the city in terms of attracting medical tourists on the one hand and formulating a strategic plan for developing such forms of tourism on the other. The method which is used in this cross-sectional research is strategic planning (SWOT). Exploring the rate and weight of the factors was done by the help of the medical tourism experts and use of the [Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)] software. The results demonstrated that the attraction of medical tourism in shiraz in the internal factor evaluation table was 2. 53، while this number for the external factors in the external factor evaluation table reached to the 2. 81. The research findings imply that the benefits and opportunities which exists for development of this activity is much more than internal weakness and external threats and so by these definitions the strategic planning (SO) is in the priority for the development of this section.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) in young people shows a different clinical، angiographic and pathophysiologic behavior in comparison to older age patients. Lipoprotein a (LPa) as a risk factor has a role for CAD; so its serum measurement can be valuable for detecting people dispose to this group of diseases. We did a cross-secotinal study on a 120 people in 4 equal groups; (patients with myocardial infarction and normal population، more and less than 45 years old). The data collected according to clinical examination and results of serum LPa، LDL، HDL levels. Then، data analyzed using to descriptive and analytical statistical tests i. e. the t test. LPa level in both groups of normal people was 28. 53±3. 39 and both group of patients was 47. 88±5. 12 mg/dl (p= 0. 015). Average LPa level between both groups of women less than 45 age old، in control 44. 40±4. 66 and patients group 81. 03±12. 14 was significant (p= 0. 004). This value was significant between both group of women more than 45 years old in control 24. 95±3. 07 and patients groups 34. 73±2. 84 too (p= 0. 001). Average LPa level between men less than 45 years in control 17. 38±1. 94 and patients groups 31. 11±2. 73 (p= 0. 010) and men more than 45 years، in control 27. 2±3. 91 and patients groups 53. 62±6. 01 (p= 0. 007) that was significant. Our study showed remarkable LPa level in coronary artery disease patients.

Women are effected by addiction more than ever before and their presence in Methadone Maintenance Treatment Clinics are increasing. The present study was designed and conducted to explore motivational factors associated with entry to methadone maintenance treatment in women in the south-west of Tehran in 2010. The present study was a cross sectional study in which sixty nine opium and heroin-dependent females were selected via access sampling from 16 addiction treatment clinics. After completing demographics based on Addiction Severity Index، a face to face interview was conducted. All data were analyzed by performing descriptive methods of statistics including average، standard deviation and percentage. The mean and standard deviation age of the respondents was 35 ± 8. 01 years. Data analysis indicated following factors 1). Receiving information from informant sources in the community for 34 respondents (49. 17%)، 2)، Treated or in treatment success of relatives and friends for 31 respondents (44. 72%)، 3). Encouragement of healthy family members for 22 respondents (31. 78%)، 4). Need for family and child care for 19 respondents (27. 58%)، 5). Need to take methadone for relieving consequences of opiate use for 30 respondents (29. 30%)، and 6). Unsatisfaction with other treatment programs for addiction for 10 respondents (14. 29%) were considered the most important motivations for entry to treatment. The study results showed that profound sending information to the community، the role of the acquiantants and family members and also some other factors have effect on the seekers in entering the treatment.

Scoliosis is known as the deviation in the spinal column which is more than 10 degree of the normal axis. Adolescent Scoliosis، may exist since childhood but the rapid development of the maturity process is of effective element in the advent and advancement of this defection. The present study aimed to evaluate the abundance anomalies scoliosis in adolescents of Rafsanjan city، in 2007 and its affective factors. In this cross-sectional study. 300 Adolescent girls and boys were، randomly- selected using two stages sampling method in 2007. All subjects were evaluated by New-York test. Also، the supplementary tests such as Adams test and index finger to floor were performed. The data were analyzed by t test. The results showed that prevalence of scoliosis are %9. 3 and %0. 6 in girl and boys، respectively. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of scoliosis in girls and boys; there were no significant relationships between height، age and BMI in subjects with scoliosis. However there were significant relationships between weight and scoliosis (p 0. 05). The importance of screening and sending the abnormal students to clinics for any treatment programs and reducing the rates of such skeletal disorder، is strongly recomended.