فصلنامه پازند
پیاپی 31 (زمستان 1391)

One of the dialects in Fars province is "Jahromi" dialect. In this paper the purpose is to analyze phonological system of this dialect. For the present study, data are gathered from local informants of the dialect inhabiting in the area. After data collection, the recorded sounds are transcribed so that the phonological system of the dialect is to be analyzed. After data analysis and their comparison with Standard Farsi, the researcher concludes that; with the exception of some minute differences especially in the area of lexicon, the phonological system of "Jahromi" dialect is very much in congruous with Standard Farsi.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the most frequent phonological process of Bala-Guerive Luri dialect, the "weakening", within the framework of Optimality Theory (OT). The paper is a descriptive-analytical study and data are collected through the research field. Ten hours of useful data through interviews are collected from four speakers at various ages and transcribed based on the IPA International Phonetic Alphabet. The cause of the occurrence of "weakening" in "Optimality Theory" is phonetic stimulus in order to fulfill the least effort principle in speech articulation. The phonetic stimulus can be formulated in the form of constraint LAZY.

The present article investigates whether mean F0 of Turkish/Farsi male and female bilingual in each language is different and whether any difference can be found according to the gender parameter. To this end, mean F0 of eleven adult Turkish/Farsi bilinguals, six females and 5 males, were examined from samples of connected speech in each language. Mean F0 of each speaker is compared in each language. The results indicate that Turkish/Farsi bilinguals have significantly different mean F0 in each language. While male bilinguals consistently have a higher mean F0 in Turkish than in Farsi, half of female bilinguals have a higher mean F0 in Turkish than in Farsi and the rest have a higher mean F0 in Farsi than in Turkish. The differences between male and female bilinguals has been explained according to two factors: First, as von Heusinger (1999) noticed the pitch level may rise according to the level of excitement: the higher the pitch, the more the excitement; and second, according to Modarresi(1387), female speakers are more inclined toward prestigious variety/language. Regarding these two factors, it seems that since male Turkish/Farsi bilinguals are more inclined toward nonstandard variety/language -for it is less prestigious comparing to standard variety/language- they feel more excited in non-standard variety/language and therefore have a higher mean F0 in Turkish than in Farsi. But, female Turkish/ Farsi bilinguals are more inclined toward standard variety/ language, so half of them have a higher mean F0 in Farsi, as a more prestigious language, than in Turkish. Besides, no correlation between age and education on the one hand and a higher mean F0 in one language on the other hand has been observed.

The present study deals with two different types of meters used in Iran, i.e. accentual- syllabic meter and syllabic meters. There are, of course, three main kinds of meters in Iranian Poetry: First, the accentual- syllabic meter (for example in Folk Poetry), second, the Quantitative meter (for example in Classical Persian Poetry), and third, the Syllabic meter (for example in Azari Turkish and in Kalhuri). Syllabic meter is based on the number of syllables in each line, and the accentual- syllabic meter is based both on the number of syllables in each line, and the contrast between strong (stressed) and weak (unstressed) syllables. So in the continuum we are dealing with two poles: one is the syllabic meter of Azari Turkish and Kalhuri, and the other is the accentual – syllabic meter of Persian and Folk Kalhuri.

Spectral analysis of the vowels of Gilaki of Rasht is the purpose of this study. In this study, the acoustic features of these vowels including first formant, second formant and third formant are measured. Audio recordings are taken from ten men producing six vowels /i, e, , , o, u/ in monosyllabic words. Then these recordings are analyzed by Praat. Analysis of formant values showed that the sequence of F1 is as /i< u < o < e <  < / which is inversely related to vowel height, the sequence of F2 is as /u < o <  <  < e <i/and is in direct relation with the backness feature of vowels, and the sequence of F3 is as /o < u <  < e <  <i/ which is partially proportional to the degree of lip rounding.

This article aims to study Persian vowel system and describes the acoustic characteristics of them. The main purpose of the present study is to measure the frequency of fundamental, first, second and third formants, intensity and the duration of each vowel. Six simple vowels are recorded in a /cvb/ context. 1140 syllables are produced by 10 female native speakers. Vowel duration measures in milliseconds (ms), fundamental formant frequency in hertz (HZ) and intensity in decibel. In contrast with other studies, results indicate that show// is not a round vowel in Persian language and it is impossible to divide Persian vowels into 2 natural groups without more studies.