Medical Laboratory Journal
Volume:7 Issue: 4, 2013

Abstract One of the diabetes complications is the tissue damage caused by the imbalance of oxidants and antioxidants (oxidative stress). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the activity of two antioxidant enzymes -superoxide dismutase and catalase- in the serum of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. This investigation was conducted on adult male rats assigned to diabetic and control groups. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Seven weeks after diabetes induction، glucose concentration، superoxide dismutase and catalase activities of the serum were assessed. Glucose concentration of streptozotocin-injected animals was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0. 001). The level of Serum superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in diabetes group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0. 01). There was a positive significant correlation between glucose concentration and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities (P<0. 001). The high activity of antioxidant enzymes in diabetic rats is probably due to compensation responses to oxidative stress produced by high concentration of free radicals. It seems that the higher glucose concentration، the greater compensatory responses.

Abstract Glutathione as a master antioxidant plays a key role in eliminating free radicals from your body and in preserving cell membrane integrity esp. blood cells. We aimed to assess the Erythrocyte Glutathione level of favism and non-favism neonates. This study was conducted in Ekbatan hospitals of Hamadan (2009) on 15 favism patients and 60 non-favism ones matched by sex and age. Using Beutler method، the reduced Glutathione (GSH) level of red blood cells was measured. Based on the results، the amount of erythrocyte GSH in favism patients was 14. 99±4. 62 mg/dl and that of controls was 58. 2±10. 59 mg/dl. the results show that the erythrocyte GSH in favism patients is significantly lower than that of non-favism subjects; therefore، the former seems more likely to be afflicted by hemolytic crises owing to the use of oxidant stuff.

Abstract Flavonoids play an important role in non-enzymatic reaction against oxidative stress. These are polyphenolic compounds in tea structure that could be reacted with free radicals and neutralized them. In this study، we investigated the anti-oxidant impact of Camellia Sinesis on the liver of thioacetamide -injected male albino mice. In this study، 40 male mice were categorized in five groups of eight. The first group was control. The second and the third group received 100mg/kg and 150mg/kg of thioacetamide، respectively. The fourth group received 100mg/kg thioacetamide followed by black tea (5 gr/100) and the fifth one received 150mg/kg thioacetamide followed by black tea (5 gr/100). Tioacetamide was given via intraperitoneal. After that، for 30 days، they were only fed on black tea (5 gr/100). At the end، catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were measured. Based on the results، catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were significantly increased in the groups of Thioacetamide and black tea compared to those of only Thioacetamide groups (p<0. 05). The increase of these enzymes in tea groups shows the anti-oxidant effect of black tea that can be caused by Catechin.

Abstract Carbohydrates are considered as the major source of energy in physical activity. Studies show that consumption of carbohydrate foods before exercise can balance blood glucose and free fatty acids and increase athletes’ performance. In this study، we compared the effect of three kinds of foods with different glycemic indices on blood glucose (BG) and serum free fatty acids (FFA) in cycling، male athletes. In this clinical trial، 21 members of national cycling team randomly allocated to three equal groups of glucose (low glycemic index)، lentil (low glycemic index) and potato (high glycemic index). First، Fasting blood samples (5ml) were obtained to measure BG and FFA. Then the subjects were asked to eat their foods. After 45 mins of rest، they pedaled with maximal oxygen consumption VO2max) for two hours and again their blood samples were taken to compare with the levels of before interventions. Glucose consumption resulted in a significant decrease in FFA level after 2 hours of pedaling (P = 0. 01) but no significant change in BG level. Plasma glucose was higher after eating lentil than that of potato (P<0. 05)، but it was not true for FFA level of both groups. based on the results، the pre-exercise use of low glycemic index (lentil) compared to high glycemic index (potato) can better lead to increased blood glucose during exercise.

Abstract Magnetic nanobeads have a large surface- area-to-volume ratio، which is used for immobilized antibody. Using nanoparticles could increase the amount of antibodies in surface in comparison to ELISA. We investigated the ability of magnetic nanobeads to evaluate CRP by colorimetric method and compared the results with ELISA. This study is an applicable research conducted in Tehran University of Medical Sciences، 2012. The Magnetic nanobeads conjugated by CRP antibodies were used to measure the protein in the concentration of 1-10 ng/ml (ELISA kit levels) and 0. 1 – 0. 01 ng/ml. After antigen measurement، the results were compared with Mann Whitney test. The results in concentration of 1-10 ng/ml are not significantly different (p = 0. 78). But In concentrations of 0. 1-0. 01 ng/ml، the difference is significant (p= 0. 02). The ability of Magnetic nanobeads in measurement of low concentration of antigen is 100 times better than ELISA. Thus Magnetic nanobead method is useful for early measurement and can easily be used in clinical laboratory.

Abstract There is increasing evidence for the role of oxidative stress in female reproductive tract. The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of antioxidant enzymes during menstrual cycle. In addition، the relationship between activity of antioxidant enzyme and sex hormones was evaluated. In this study the activity of superoxide dismutase، glutathione peroxidase، glutathione reductase، catalase and total antioxidant capacity during the menses، follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle in twenty women with regular menstrual cycle were studied. Furthermore، the correlation between activity of antioxidant enzymes and estradiol، progesterone، LH، FSH and testosterone were evaluated. There was no significant difference between activity of superoxide dismutase، glutathione peroxidase، glutathione reductase، catalase and total antioxidant capacity during the menses، follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle (P>0. 05). We found significant correlation، in luteal phase، between superoxide dismutase and FSH (P<0. 05، r=0. 44) and LH P<0. 05،r=0. 54). Also it is observed between LH and glutathione peroxidase (P<0. 05، r=0. 44). Based on the results، there is no significant difference between antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidant capacity of plasma during menstrual cycle. In other words، physiologic system of women with regular menstrual cycle can protect body against oxidative stress and this is probably performed due to action of FSH and LH hormones.