نشریه دانشگاه علوم پزشکی خراسان شمالی
سال پنجم شماره 2 (تابستان 1392)

The common pattern of drug use in Iran was opioid drug in the past few years. But this pattern has been changed to methamphetamine these days. Regarding to this changing this study aims to compare the personality traits and irrational beliefs between opioid dependants and methamphetamine abusers.

119 addicted women including 59 addicted to opium and 60 addicted to methamphetamine referred to welfare، MMT and temporary campus centers of Shirvan were selected and asked to complete the NEO personality scale and Jones`s Irrational beliefs questionnaire. The data were analyzed with SPSS- 15 and presented with t -test.

The subscales of perfectionism and avoidance of issues and reaction to failures، industrial materials consumer group had higher scores. About the characteristics of people addicted to methamphetamine showed higher scores on conscientiousness and agreeableness (α = 0. 95%).

results showed that there is no significant difference between two groups in terms total score of irrational belief، notwithstanding in some subscales showed significant level of difference. Methamphetamine abusers have a high score in conscientiousness and agreeableness (α=0. 95%)

: using of effective communicative skills is unavoidable part of caring process in cancer patient and their families. It is clear that good communication with cancer patients can have important effect on patient satisfaction with all nursing cares. In other hand there are not any information concern to communication skill between nurses and cancer patient and its relation to quality of this communication with patient satisfaction of nursing services. Therefore the aim of this study is assessment the nurses and cancer patient communication and its relation to satisfaction with nursing services.

this is a descriptive and correlation study that done on 131 hospitalized patient in oncology wards in Shahid Ghazi Tabatabaei hospital in Tabriz. Nurse- patient communication assessed with interaction quality nurse- patient that its scores is variable 24 to 144 and patient satisfaction with nursing services assessed with La-Monica satisfaction with nursing care questionnaire that its scores is variable 41 to 287. Data were analyzed by SPSS and presented with descriptive statistic.

results showed the average score of nurse- patient communication and patient satisfaction with nursing care was respectively 94/7 and 203/2. There was correlation between nurse- patient communication and patient satisfaction with nursing care..

Given that important role of communication between nurses and cancer patients on patient satisfaction of nursing services، it is necessary improvement of quality of nurse- patient in oncology wards.

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic infectious disease with a wide clinical spectrum in tropical and subtropical areas. The aim of this study was to assess the PCR-RFLP method using two primers، ITSRL and L5. 8S compared with direct microscopy and NNN culture methods for the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasisis.

In this study among CL suspected patients، 60 patients with positive LST were selected and three samples were taken from each. To detect CL via direct microscopy، NNN culture and PCR-RFLP methods.

The results showed that 60%، 62% and 91% of specimens from suspected cases were positive using direct microscopy، NNN culture،and. PCR RFLP methods respectively.

Due to high sensitivity of the PCR-RFLP method for detection and speciation of etiologic agent of CL، to establish an accurate and rapid method for detection of Leishmania parasites in medical centers، it is suggested the method is utilized along with NNN culture and direct microscopy.

Arsenic contamination of water resources is a global problem. Drinking of arsenic-rich water over a long period results in various health effects including skin problems، skin cancer، cancers of the bladder، kidney and lung، and diseases of the blood vessels، and possibly diabetes، high blood pressure and reproductive disorders. Carbon nanotubes (CNTS) in the field of nanotechnology، as a new adsorbents were investigated in several studies. In this research، optimization of As (V) removal from aqueous solutions by Single-walled Cabon، investigated.

Carbon nanotubes Carbon was prepared from Research Institute of Iran''s oil industry. Initially the carbon nano tubes was Functionalized by nitric acid. Experiments based on the response surface methodology was designed. Test data assessment by using the software Minitab 16، Excel 2007، and regression، correlation and analysis of variance was performed.

In this study، increasing the amount of adsorbent، contact time، initial concentration and decreasing pH on arsenate removal efficiency was affected. Maximum capacity of arsenate adsorption by carbon nanotubes equal to 8. 84 mg/g. Arsenate removal percentage increased with decreasing pH and increasing of concentrations of arsenate and absorbent value.

The model with the highest coefficient (R2) ration predicted (Predicted R2) 95/01 and 72/25for carbon single-wall carbon nano tubes by nitric acid was estimated with the maximum percentage for arsenate removal of65%and a maximum capacity8/48. Using response surface، the optimal conditions (PH = 3-6 and the absorption of 150 mg/l in sample volume (100ml) Was provided، respectively

Despite numerous findings that aerobic exercise is positively associated with cognitive functions، the data in populations such as people with Down syndrome who suffer from memory impairment is little and limited to animal models. The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of aerobic exercise on short-term memory in individual with Down syndrome.

The sample of 20 individual with Down''s syndrome from Karaj Association were selected and divided into experimental and control groups randomly. Following the evaluation of memories by Wechsler memory test، 3month training period، 3 days a week was conducted for experimental group. Then evaluation of memories was performed again. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 16 software and ANOVA with repeated measures and t-test.

there was no significant difference between mean scores of verbal and visual of control and experimental groups in the beginning (p=0. 585،p=0. 807،resprctively)، but this difference after 3 month was significant (p<0. 001، for 2 types memory). Also there was no significant difference in mean scores of control group before and after intervention (p=0. 63،p=0. 094، respectively)، but this difference in experimental group was significant (P<0. 001).

These findings emphasis on relationship between aerobic exercise and short-term memory، and using these types of exercise to enhance memory functions in individuals with Down syndrome are considered effective.

Depression is the most common mood and psychiatric disorder. The aim of this study was to provide a clear picture of the prevalence، risk factors and interventions of depression in pregnant women in Iranian studies.

This study is a systematic review. Statistic population included Farsi and English studies with various aspects of depression in pregnant women. Keywords «Depression، Dysthymia، Melancholia، mood disorder، Iran، pregnant women» in Medline، SID، Irandoc، Iran medex، Magiran and Iran psych database were searched. Then، repeated articles and articles outside the study period (1997 to 2011) were excluded. In the first stage of screening، titles and in second stage، abstracts were reviewed by two experts. Afterwards papers were evaluated qualitatively base on Critical Appraisal Skills Program site.

After searching، screening and qualitative evaluation، the final syntheses were performed on 18 articles. Synthesis papers related to depression during pregnancy showed that the prevalence of this disorder in Iranian papers with the Beck tool 27. 62 percent. The most important factors associated with depression during pregnancy can lead to parity in Iranian studies، economic status، education، women، employment status and unplanned pregnancy pointed.

The high prevalence of depression during pregnancy in Iranian studies، the need for further evaluation and intervention principles with regard to factors associated with depression during the quest.

ITP; a disease that result from immune system function that destroy platelete because of multiple predisposing factors include common viral infections - MMR vaccination and seldom idiopathic. in this report we present a 18 mo boy admitted in pediatric ward for thrombocytopenia with history MMR vaccinatin in 10days ago.