نشریه بررسی های آمار رسمی ایران
سال بیست و سوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 80، بهار و تابستان 1391)

There are various factors affecting quality of the statistical survey in different stages. Recognizing these factors trying to upgrade or keeping power points while removing the problems and weak points shall lead quality improvement in statistical survey. We can recognize these issues in different stages by using various methods. Even, if recognition of power and weak points in different parts of the statistical survey seems to be very important, but they are inadequate. Analyzing recognized issues and using statistical method are necessary for continuous quality improvement. We can point out different elements in this field such as Pareto Chart and Cause and Effect Diagram.In this Article, while introducing these methods, their application is also examined in quality control of statistical survey.

Recreation and leisure activities have based on their perceptions of the social and historical context of a different life. But the social conditions prevailing in most communities and leisure potential are young in damages. In modern times, increasing years of education and delayed entry into the labor market and rising age of marriage, the relatively long time in the life of mortals created the Youth called. Modern humans from infancy to adulthood are not imported directly. Period in his life that happened is associated with lack of responsibility, and it has a large share of leisure. Bourdieu's approach to the leisure activities of people affected various areas of their class origin. This paper reviews the use of Pierre Bourdieu's sociology of leisure time has been done. In this study, the technique of causal attribution, is a secondary analysis. The population in this study is that all young people aged 15-29 are living in urban areas. Data analysis and statistical design of the "passing of time" Statistical Center of Iran, addresses the use of SPSS software. Finally, socioe-conomic status based on education, training, employment and working conditions, facilities available to the household, type of housing and home ownership, the interval scale is used. The results indicate that the socioeconomic status of patients improved their leisure time. The mean time in each of the two groups, there are significant differences between men and women.

Wheat is a major product, grown under irrigation and dry, which has a vital role in human nutrition by contributing to food pattern of 75 percent of world’s population. Before 1383, Iran was known as an importer of wheat but in 1383 became self-sufficient. In this article at first, the two-level models, the estimations of parameters’ using maximum likelihood (full and restricted) and bootstrap (parametric and nonparametric) methods and bootstrap confidence intervals for these models are described briefly. Thus, the effects of various factors on amount of wheat harvest using two-level model are discussed.

In Recent decades, skilled and professional human capital has been observed as a key of economic development. Accumulation and formation of Skilled and efficient human capital requires to investment in higher education. Hence, development of higher education in a country through training expert people can be effective for improvement in business and economic development. Higher education in Iran after revolution has been faced by different challenges. One of them is the social demand for higher education that closely linked with changes in population structure. The aim of this paper is to provide best answer for this fundamental question what is the role of population changes in social demand for higher education after revolution?To this purpose, after the study of changes in social demand for higher education from 1983 to 2012 according to Iran's National Education Assessment Organization data, the role of demographic changes in higher education demand have been studied.The overall, results suggest that increasing infertility in 1976-1986 and declining fertility in recent decade have had important role in increasing and then decreasing in social demand for higher education. Transition of 1976-1986 Birth Cohorts to age of secondary school and demand for higher education had led to increasing in demand for higher education in 1997-2003 periods. Also, decline infertility in the late years of 1980s has led to reduce social demand for higher education in recent years.

Common methods of variance estimation like Taylor series linearization (Delta Method) requires partial derviations which make the computations very complicated as the number of frames increase. Jackknife method with much easier computations yields to remarkable decrease in bias. This article, firstly, introduces multiple frame estimators. Then it focuses on applying Jackknife method in estimating variance of multiple frame surveys estimators, and compares it to the Taylor series linearization method by conducting a simulation study.

Disease or mortality rate map, geographically is desired for public health officials and epidemiologists. In the classical approach, rates are estimated under the assumption of independence between geographical areas. However, this assumption is not substantiated in health studies, particularly in the case of health variables which may be strongly correlated due to spatial correlation in adjacent areas. In this paper we account for such a dependence. This paper presents Poisson kriging which is now available and applicable to the spatial interpolation of area disease rates. The aim of this research is to improve the precision of parameters estimation for gastrointestinal cancer incidence rate in Iran using Poisson kriging. The methodology is illustrated using gastrointestinal cancer data recorded in ministry of health and medical education (in the non-infectious diseases management center) of Iran on years 1382-1386 to the 336 counties.