نشریه راهبرد توسعه
سال نهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 35، پاییز 1392)

This research reviews the factors affecting total factor productivity with regard to government research funding as domestic R&D capital, the percentage of total employees with higher education from total employment as human capital and the degree of trade openness as a proxy for trade.In this paper long-term relationship and short term error-correction between total factor productivity and other variables during the periods of 1974-2007 with the use of Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method has been studied.The results of estimation show that in the log-run the effect of human capital and domestic R&D on total factor productivity is positive and significant and the effect of dummy variable is negative and significant. In the long-run the effect of openness is not significant but in short-run is positive and significant. This means that not only trade, increase productivity, but also the growth rate increases through effects of trade on technology. Participation in international trade, increased competitive pressures and increasing competitive pressures forcing domestic firms to adopt new technologies and increase its efficiency. Also, other factors affecting productivity in the form of trend have the negative and significant effects.

Today, Islamic financial instruments are rapidly expanding in the markets and many institutions tend to offer Islamic financial services to their customers. Sukuk is one of the most common tools that are used in the Islamic countries. Islamic financial institutions face a range of risks associated with investing and financing. Islamic finance industry's future largely depends on how to manage it's risks. Therefore, to guarantee the success of Sukuk, we should look for the ways to control it's risks.This article is trying to introduce types of Sukuk and it's status in the world, and to identify common risks between that types. Then by examine the challenges in this context, examine the possibility of Sukuk risk management. In response to this problem, discovery- applicable method is used. Finally, the following strategies are suggested for reducing the Sukuk risks: 1.The implementation of Swap in designing Sukuk2.The empowerment of the secondary Sukuk market utilizing the free market systems 3.Designing of intra banks markets based on the Islamic laws. 4.Reforms in the institutions for the empowerment of the financial and supervisory substructures 5.Establishment of a comprehensive reporting system for the interest rates in financial markets.

According to the latest researches in the strategy and leadership journal, strategic management is considered as the most applicable managerial instrument with a popularity of near 90%. The results indicate that companies perform better through concepts of strategic management. However, organizations show more irreparable strategy failures. The ultimate goal of this research is Identification, Native Survey & Relation Establishment of The key variables to successful achievement of the strategy in 3 following sub domains, strategy formulation, Implementation of the Strategy, strategy control.By Using & Utilization the qualitative methodology and results of different studies and using interpretive structural modeling, the Strategy Authors develop Key success factor conceptual model considering the native condition in 3 different sub domains we mentioned before. Results showed that the following items in formulation phase, Strategic Management knowledge perception of the mangers, considering Planning techniques and strategic thinking in Uncertainty Conditions and Association & stability of senior managers, in implementation phase, Organizational structure and culture should be in same direction with the Strategy, Creating Influence Coalition & Authority inside the target organization and in controlling phase Importance of quality conservation for the superior managers, Flexible Control measures based on native conditions are critical & key objects in order to achieve a successful Management Strategies: Also important factors like Considering “PAEI” Composition by strategists & planners in formulation phase, Appropriate allocation of resources in Both Implementation & Controlling phases as a Persuasive system not Reprimanding Were identified as autonomous elements. Observance of these items will reduce the failure risk of the strategies in Iranian Organizations.

Religion plays a significant role in forming religious edicts which is considered as one of the most important and required social phenomena in modern societies. Since most of the effective doctrines in forming religious edicts are limited to religion, no other phenomenon can substitute religion and play its role. The present study aimed at investigating the relationship between religious (Islamic) edicts and social capital among students of Tabriz University. Using Cochran sampling formula 378 students from University of Tabriz were selected by stratified random sampling as participants of this piece of research. Data of this cross-sectional survey study was gathered using a valid and reliable questionnaire. Findings confirmed the main research hypothesis conveying that there is a relationship between religious (Islamic) edicts and social capital among students of Tabriz University. Three measured components of social capital had relationship with religious edicts. Relationship was also found between religiosity and age. A significant difference was found in religiosity of two genders. The results of multivariate analysis revealed that social participation, age, and gender account for 43% of the variations in dependent variable.

Economic growth is one of the main goals of decision makers in ay country. In other side awareness of the capabilities of the industrial sector in different regions of the country is one of the prerequisites for economic growth in national and regional level. This paper aims to investigate and determine priorities for industries in Golestan province at 1385 and 1388. To this end, using numerical taxonomy and factor analysis and 12 selected indicators are ranked industrial activities. The results show that the production food and beverage industry and the production of wood and wood products in both periods were in the priority industries.

Emphasizing on the "Islamic Culture" is necessary to achieve the administrative health. The counterpoint of the administrative health is the administrative corruption which is a key factor in socio-economic distortion, unfair distribution of opportunities and welfare as well as justice imbalance. Major reasons for developments of administrative corruption can be looked for in ideological and cultural beliefs. Commitment to the values and the dominant organizational culture are two main elements in combating against administrative corruption. Organizational culture, which has been emphasized by numerous management science researchers, if coupled with the religious and moral values can play a vital role in saving Iranian administrative system from various corruption headlands. The present paper focuses on the mutual correlation between administrative health and the amount of commitment to the moral and religious values in organizations. Documented materials as well as library researches have been used for this study and the necessary data was gathered and analyzed. Different kinds of corruption in offices are determined and described; their main roots are discussed and effective corruption reducers and confronting tools are expressed in terms of a conceptual model based upon the Islamic culture components.

Agriculture sector is one of the most important economic sectors, which had long been in the export basket. At the present, one of the most important strategies in countries export development is export development of agricultural product, which has been an always emphasized country economic development programs that the mutation should be developed. But this policy without detection and diagnosis of important factors on export cannot be practical. So, achieve the goals of the twenty-year outlook, and strengthen the agricultural sector and increasing exports of this sector, this study has been analyzed the role of technology in the agricultural exports of selected countries in Asia and Europe with the centrality of Iran during the period 1995-2009. The results suggest that, status of selected Asian countries in comparison with European countries in exports of agricultural products and technology indicators are undesirable. Also based on the results, export of agricultural products are better in countries that have been successful in support technologies. So, the potential for export of agricultural products and the optimum use of this sector is essential, the countries studied, with to strengthen the active components of technology and knowledge in this sector to walk toward increasing the yield per hectare of agricultural products in world markets and increased competitiveness in world.