مجله زنان مامائی و نازائی ایران
سال شانزدهم شماره 75 (هفته اول آذر ماه 1392)

After pains are a common phenomenon after vaginal delivery and medicines have good effect on after pains relief، but their usage may have adverse effects. One of the methods of pain relief is herbal medicine. The purpose of this study was comparing the effects of Cuminum and mefenamic acid on after pains in multiparous women. This three-group double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 105 women whose delivery passed 2-4 hours and had moderate to severe after pain. They were randomly divided into three groups (Cuminum 600 mg، mefenamic acid 250 mg and placebo). After pains were measured and compared by a visual scale (0-100 mm) at the time before intervention and every hour until 6 hours after intervention. Data were analyzed with SPSS software version 11. 5، one way ANOVA، kruskal-wallis، Kaplan-Maier، analysis of longitudinal and general liner model. P value less than 0. 05 was considered significant. Mean of after pains intensity was similar in the three groups before the intervention (p=0. 452)، but after the intervention، after pains intensity in placebo group was less than mefenamic acid and Cuminum groups. After pains intensity did not show any significant differences between Cuminum and mefenamic acid groups but mefenamic acid was more effective than placebo in pain relief (p=0. 001). Cuminum is more effective than placebo and less effective than mefenamic acid on after pains intensity.

Pre-eclampsia is the most common complication of pregnancy and a major factor of maternal mortality in which multiple causes such as depression، and psychophysical stress may be involved. The purpose of this study was determining the relationship between intimate partner violence and pre-eclampsia. This case-control study was conducted on 300 pregnant women with pre-eclampsia and 150 healthy women without pre-eclampsia referred to health centers، state hospitals، and private hospitals of Mashhad، Iran in 2011. Data were collected using a questionnaire about demographic characteristic، an information form about clinical and laboratory symptoms of pre-eclampsia، Dass 21 and revised conflict tactics scales. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 11. 5) and independent t-test، mann-whitney، chi-square، correlation coefficient and logistic regressions. P value less than 0. 05 was considered significant. Domestic violence had significant relationship with pre-eclampsia (p<0. 001). Odd ratio of pre-eclampsia with total violence was 1. 6 fold higher than control group، psychological violence was 3. 2 fold higher than control group and sexual violence was 1. 6 fold higher than control group. There were no significant association between physical violence (p=0. 475)، injuries due to violence (p=0. 760) and pre-eclampsia. But there were significant correlation between severity of intimate partner’s sexual and psychological violence and pre-eclampsia (p<0. 001). Intimate partner violence particularly sexual and emotional violence are the base of incidence risk of preeclampsia.

Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia is a common complication of pregnancy and considered as one of the three major causes of maternal mortality. There are multiple risk factors for etiology of this syndrome. Recently، season of conception and birth is taken into consideration. This study was done to determine the relationship between season of conception، birth and other predictors in women with eclampsia. This descriptive-analytical retrospective study was conducted on 623 pregnant women with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia who referred to Alzahra and Taleghani hospitals in Tabriz، Iran during 2007 to 2012. Data were collected using a questionnaire containing information about socio-demographic and information about conception and birth season. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 17، descriptive statistics and logistic regression tests. P value less than 0. 05 was considered significant. Age and parity were estimated to be as independent predictor of eclampsia. There was a significant association between pre-eclampsia and season of conception (p<0. 01). The risk of eclampsia in the spring was 5 times more than autumn (OR=4. 87، 95%، CI=1. 94 to 12. 20). There was no significant association between eclampsia and season of birth (p=0. 13). There is a significant association between eclampsia and season of conception