مجله پژوهش های روان شناسی بالینی و مشاوره
سال سوم شماره 1 (بهار و تابستان 1392)

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Stair''s relationship approach on marital conflict and adaptability of couples. The sample consisted of 24 couples who were selected by random sampling procedure، from among 36 voluntary''s couples. Couples were randomly، divided into two equal groups. Two groups were randomly assigned to experimental group and control group. Experimental group received 8 sessions of therapy، based on stair''s relationship approach. Participants responded to the Marital Conflict Questionnaire and Family Adaptability and Cohesion Questionnaires twice، once before the intervention and again at the end of intervention. To analyze the data، MANCOVA was used. The results showed that، there are significant differences between two groups. Consequently، Stair''s relationship intervention، led to reduction of marital conflicts and increasing adaptability of experimental group in comparison with control group.

The aim of this study is to investigate effectiveness of interaction between stress inoculation training and identity styles on psychological well-being and perceived stress. Participates were selected through the simple random samplings procedure. Sixty seven clients were divided by random assignment into two groups on the basis of their identity style (normative، diffuse/avoidant). Two control groups assigned to each group. Psychological well-being، identity styles and perceived stress questionnaires were used. Treatment employed based on pre-test، post-test and follow up design to find out the effectiveness of interaction between stress inoculation training and identity styles on psychological well-being and perceived stress. The results of study indicate that، stress inoculation training، interaction between this variable and identity styles can develop psychological well-being، but could not effect on perceived stress. Identity styles as moderator can help to change thought، emotion and behavior.

The aim of the present study was to compare defense mechanisms of patients with major depression، anxiety disorders، and normal individuals. A total of 224 individuals (87 depressed، 64 anxious، 73 normal) participated in this study، voluntarily. Following a psychiatric diagnosis of the psychological disorders، all participants were asked to complete the Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ). The results revealed predominant defense of the depressed، anxious، and normal individuals as immature، neurotic، and mature، respectively. Comparison of defense mechanisms of patients and normal individuals provides evidence of the possible impact of pathological defense mechanisms on the development and/or continuity of depression and anxiety disorders.

The purpose of present research was to determinate effectiveness of inference-based therapy on reduction of obsession and compulsion symptoms. Thirty women who had received diagnosis of OCD by clinical interview (SCID) were placed with randomization in experimental and control (wait list) groups. Participants completed Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) and Inferential Confusion Questionnaire (ICQ) in pretest and posttest. Experimental group received inference-based group therapy in 12 sessions. To analyze data، MANOVA was used. The results of research showed that except aggression، religious and sexual obsessions، there were significance difference between experimental control and groups in all of signs Y-BOCS and ICQ. Inference-based therapy had efficacy on reduction of obsession and compulsion symptoms.

Post-Traumatic Stress disorder (PTSD)، is the most common disorder which remarked in the people with experience of captivity. This study aimed to assess the psychological status of Mashhad''s captured and evaluate the compromise of fundamental components. The participants of present study selected through the available sampling method including (N=110) captured. Thus، after a preliminary study on 30 captured، revision impact of event scale and the social support Scale Performed. Diagnostic interview، difference diagnosis with questionnaires was conducted. To analyze the data، statistical correlation and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were employed. Results of study revealed that، an inverse relationship between duration of imprisonment and psychiatric disorders of captured. The present findings of this study are consonant with national researches and inconsonant with international researches. Religious affiliation and conservation of captured during captivity، are influencing factors that may reduce the psychological- behavioral symptoms of captured.

The purpose of the present study is to compare the differentiation between satisfied couples، and conflicting couples in Bandar Abbas. Four components of differentiation (Emotional reactivity، Emotional Cutoff، Emotional Fusion and I-position) were investigated. 120 couples selected through available sampling procedure: 60 conflicting couples having recourse to counseling clinics in Bandar Abbas during 2010-11and 60 satisfied couples. To collect the data، Differentiation of Self Inventory (DSI-R) and Index of Marital Satisfied (IMS) were used. To analyze the data، MANOVA and multiple regression analysis tests were used. The results of the study revealed that، there is significant difference between the differentiations of the two groups. There is no significant difference between men and women regarding the level of differentiation. There is significant difference between the Emotional reactivity and Emotional Fusion of the two groups. Furthermore، women suffer more from Emotional reactivity and Emotional Fusion than men. There is no significant difference between them regarding Emotional Cut-off and I-position. The multiple regression analysis showed that. The components of differentiation predict %56 of variance of the marital satisfaction. In nutshell، the satisfied couples had a higher level of differentiation in compare with conflicting couples that improved their marital satisfaction.

Successful treatment of drug abusers is hard to achieve without the abusers’ taking part in counseling and group therapy interventions. The present study compared the effectiveness of two group interventions، i. e.، Life Enrichment and Enhancement Program (LEAP) and Reality Therapy (RT) with a sham control on improving the abusers’ improvement indicators. Participants (N = 30) were in-treatment drug abusers، who were randomly assigned to one of the three groups. All participants completed the same battery of measures at pretest، posttest and follow-up. Multivariate Analysis of Variance was used to test the study hypotheses. Compared with participating in the sham educational group، participants in the RT group improved on their locus of control، positive sense of control، temptation to use drugs، and satisfaction with life; participants in the LEAP group improved on happiness، negative sense of control، situational confidence، temptation to use drugs، and satisfaction with life. Overall، LEAP was more effective in improving indices of treatment progress than RT.

Autistic child may have a range of problems. Failure of understand the meaning of words is the main characteristic of the autistic child. Child `s ability to communicate may also be inappropriate. In briefly، the areas of language problems in these children، in other languages، are pragmatic and semantic. Because of the difficulties of the working with autistic children، research related to these children is limited. The aim of this research is drawing language features in Persian language of these children. It’s a cross-sectional and comparison study. It was done on 23 children suffering from autism. After meeting the inclusion criteria، communication sessions، using language test TOLD were tested individually. By testing، one of six languages skills (spoken language، organization، speaking، semantic and syntax) was evaluated. Studied children aged between 5. 6 to 7. 8 (with an average of 6. 4 years). The results show that there are significant differences between skills of these children (except the syntax skills). (P-value)

The present study examined the relationship between personality traits and marital adjustment in methadone maintained drug addicts and non addicts. The population of the study consists of male (n-52) addicts and non-addicts (n=52)، randomly selected through sampling procedure. Cloninger’s Temperament and Character Inventory questionnaire (TCI-56) and Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) were administered. To analyses of data، multiple analyses of variance، one-way analysis of variance and Fisher’s Z test، were used. Results of study show that، all subscales of the TCI-56 were significantly correlated with marital satisfaction in methadone maintained drug addicts، whereas in non-addicts harm avoidance، novelty-seeking and persistence were significantly correlated and reward dependence was insignificantly correlated، respectively. Furthermore، results showed a significant difference between rate relationship between marital satisfaction and reward dependence in the two groups were paired. So this relationship in patients was significantly stronger than the average person. The relationship between marital satisfaction and excellence in casting the two groups was significant، this mean that this relationship in normal subjects was significantly stronger than those treated. Thus، the tendency towards substance abuse، psychological factors such as personality، status and relationship with his addict is essential and careful attention to these factors، can be effective in the prevention and treatment interventions.

Life skill training is one of the most important factors in increasing self-esteem of students with vision problems. This study was performed with aim of determine and effect of Life Skills Training to increasing of self-esteems of students with vision problems at Sabzevar city. The participants of the present study were selected through the available sampling procedure include male and female (N=18) from among middle and high school students. Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory was administered to the students. Participants were trained for 15 sessions of Life skill training and then assessed with the same questionnaire. To analyze of data spss 17 software and t- test method was used. The results of this study revealed that self-esteem of students with vision problems increased after life skills training program (p)