نشریه مطالعات ملی
سال پانزدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 57، بهار 1393)

This article uses the theoretical model of ‘national socialization’ (Hau, 2009) and examines the association between national identity and educational system. According to this theoretical model, national identity is recognized as a enduring process such that various socialization mechanisms (particularly, educational system) play vital roles in shaping and internalizing national identity. The comprehensive literature review in this article shows that educational systems throughout the world tend to represent ideal types of national identity through schools’ educational resources, which are strongly affected by power relations and ideology. Using the method of content analysis, this study focuses on the school-textbooks of Iran in three educational levels including primary, intermediate, and high schools. The results of this analysis present research-based evidence to explain the main patterns associated with the representation of national identity through these educational resources.

Neoliberalism is one of the ideologies that provides new definition in politics, culture, society and education; and specially focuses on higher education. This paper first critiques Neoliberal educational policies in higher education by "critical method" and then offers some suggestions for emancipating higher education. Domination of the market values in the universities, increasing the economic and social inequalities through higher education, growth of knowledge based on material interests in the shadow of physical sciences and redaction the importance of humanities and arts, viewing youth generation as consumers, increasing violent and "zero tolerance" culture, diminishing critical spheres and cultural reproduction of dominance via educational evaluations, are examples of consequences of Neoliberalism in higher education. For emancipating higher education some suggestions are asserted: promoting cultural study and critical thinking, revival roots of social democracy, educating the students as the border crosser, emphasis on students' own experiences and promoting the Language of possibility.

The related Values of Iran-Iraq war (Holy Defense) are categorized in social values within our Islamic society. We can now assume them as national and civil values in our society. Regarding to their exciting and profound contents, these values can be discussed as a new cultural discourse. Based on above mentioned causes, the present essay has been studied sacrificing scenes in 166 Iranian war movies for the years 1981 to 2007 with content analysis method. Emergence of sacrificing scene and the way it changed was analyzed in a sample of 62 movies using quantitative content analysis technique. Results indicates that the scenes were mostly individual and masculine with religious named actors rather than being collective and feminine with non-religious named actors. Most of sacrificing actions happened in risky areas exposed to enemy forces. Sacrificing scenes in post war movies somehow were more than the movies directed during the war. The way these scenes happened was also different to some extents.

"Bericolage identity" is one of the issues that people will be afflicted to because of the value conflicts and the upcoming norms as well as customs in the present society. Therefore, this article wants to study the influential factors regarding “bericolage identity” among students. This study is a survey research using random sampling and research-made questionnaire that its validity and reliability has been measured through content validity and Cronbach alpha respectively. The population of the study is technology students in BabolUniversity in 2012. The sample size is 250 individuals. The results indicated that there has been a statistically meaningful/significant difference between the occupational status of the students and the “bericolage identity”. On the other hand, there exists no statistically meaningful/significant difference among gender, marital status, and place of birth, place of residence and the level of education among participants. Moreover, the achieved result out of the Pearson Correlation Coefficient has revealed that there is a statistically direct and meaningful/significant correlation between the amount of utilization of mass media and bericolage identity. Nonetheless, there is a statistically reverse and meaningful/significant difference between their mothers` level of education and bericolage identity. So with regard to the above point, there is no meaningful/significant correlation among age, students` income, family income. Finally, the regression analysis illustrated that three variables of mother education, the occupational level of students, and marital status respectively expatiated the 19.7 percent variance of bericolage identity.

The aim of this research is the study of the relationship between cultural and social capital with social identity among youth. The method of this study was survey and its tool was questionnaire. Statistical society of the present research was the youth in Bandar Abbas (city in Iran). The sampling method used in this survey was multi-stage share random sampling. Sample size that was estimated according to Lin Table with 95 percent significance level and 4 percent error was 406. Moreover, according to the multivariable regression results the variables of Traditional-religious participation, Civic-cultural partnership, Travel abroad and Social Intimacy totally explained 47.5 percent of the changes in the social identity.

"Race" has been a question in the minds of some Iranians specially the inhabitants of Azerbaijan; concerning the racial category, what is the racial category of Azerbaijan people? Turk or Azery? The importance of this matter comes to attention when discussion of Panturkism and Panturanism (noniranianism) emerges and highly discussed in Iran. This subject can be understood easily by the researchers and authors of contemporary history and political science researchers. The result of this reseach that has been done with analysis and correspoading method and using first hand sourcos, reveal this truth that the people of Azerbaijan are called Turk since they have a Turkic language/dialect on one hand; on the other hand, nowadays some authors, mostly foreigners and pro-Panturkism political and Panturanism groups try to fabricate a fake history and also try to inspire Turkic race and identity to the people of Azerbaijan. Meanwhile the works of many researchers from credible world scientific centers and even in Iran’s neighboring countries believe to the fundamental racial differences between Azerbaijan inhabitants and Turkic tribes and also the fundamental similarities between Azerbaijan inhabitants and the inhabitants of the Iranian plateau.

This paper is a meta-analysis on the studies in the field of identity in Iran in a past decade. The main question of this paper is: identity studies in Iran are referring to what issues. Thus, the main objective of performing this meta-analysis is to investigate the researching background of identity in order to know the common points and differences of studies in the field of identity in the country and to achieve general and applied results, insights and new approaches to identity and identity studies. The statistical community of this research is 50 identity studies (scientific-research papers) in the recent decade (2002-2012). The most important variables studied in this research are including: the study field of papers, theoretical approaches of them, study field of researches, type of researches, methodology of researches, the components of national and religious identity which has been considered in papers, the questions, hypothesis and main variables, data gathering techniques, sampling methods, data analysis techniques, analysis unit, statistical community or objective groups and findings of papers. Some of the most important findings of this study are including: disagreement on the essence of the components for national identity in the country, expansiveness of national aspect of identity studies in the country proportioned to its religious aspect, the descriptive-analytical (qualitative) character of most researches, concentration on individuals (groups) and their produces as analysis unit, preferring the documents method (library) to other methods, issue-based and time-based weakness, unspecified state of statistical community or objective groups coupled with weakness in sampling in a large number of studies, limited theoretical aspect and insufficient quantitative state of many studies in the field of identity in iran.

Clothing of different Iranian tribes is one of the Character istics of Identity documents. Baluch tribes as one of the oldest and the most authentic Iranian tribes, have their special clothing that makes a distinction among them and the other Iranian tribes. Since there is a close relationship between local clothing and national identification, the significance of traditional clothing has been studied in this research. In this descriptive and analytical study, authors have tried to introduce and study the clothing of Baluch’s men and women. The results suggest that there is a relationship between Baluch local clothing and their national identification, so in addition to introducing this tribe, a clear evidence of Baluch identification and in a higher level their national identity as one of the authentic Iranian tribe has been studied.