مجله پژوهش های کاربردی در مدیریت ورزشی
پیاپی 2 (پاییز 1391)

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of endurance training and garlic consumption on VO2max. For this purpose، 33 non- active men with، average age (25. 7±2. 5 yr) randomly divided into four groups: placebo، supplementation، training-placebo and training-supplementation. The Placebo and supplement groups recieved each day for a month 500 mg of starch and garlic powder each each day formonth. Groups daily intake of starch and garlic in addition to three sessions of exercise per week for a three and four had month to run on a treadmill endurance training began. Bruce protocol and gas analyzer was use to determine VO2max. Results showed that VO2max in groups: supplements (1. 75±1.)، training-placebo (2. 62±0. 74) and training-supplements (3. 55±1. 23) were significantly increased compared to placebo (p≤0. 05). Also during the exercise test in two groups training-placebo (41. 62±12. 77 s) and training-supplements (55. 55±28. 68 s) were significantly increased compared to placebo (p≤0. 05). Therefore، endurance training and garlic supplementation was effective on VO2max. But، garlic supplementation had additional effect on increased VO2max in non-active subjects who participated in endurance training.

The aim of this study is the effect of alternative and continuous aerobic training on inflammatory index، predictor of cardiovascular disease، and correlation of Hs-CRP with body fat percentage in non athlete boys. In this study statistical population is all of the non athlete boys 15-18 years old. statistical sample is 45 subjects with Mean age، height، weight، and BMI inorderis (16. 21±0. 88year،172. 72±5. 18cm،68. 67±12. 07kg،1. 65±3. 99kg/m2) that Samples were divided into three groups randomly simple that each group involved 15subjects. The first group was alternative aerobic training group، second group، continuous aerobic training group and third group، control group. Training protocol included eight-week and every week was performed three sessions alternative and continuous aerobic training in intensity of 60-75percent maximum heartbeat during an hour. Regarding the overload، Three minutes was added into training hour. For assessing the difference Hs-CRP levels and body fat percentage levels before and after training in groups was used t student test. ANOVA statistical method was used to compare Hs-CRP levels and body fat percentage levels among three groups. for assessing inter variation tukey test (p<0. 05) was used and for assessing relations between variables was used Pearson correlation. The results showed that There weren´t significant difference in Hs-CRP levels before and after training. There were Significant difference between body fat percentage levels before and after training in alternative and continuous aerobic training groups (p≤0. 001). There weren´t any significant difference between Hs-CRP levels in alternative and continuous aerobic training. In assessing correlation HS-CRP and body fat percentage there weren´t any significant difference between them before training. But there were significant correlation between them after training just in continuous aerobic training. Regarding results، continuous aerobic training is more suitable than alternative aerobic training for cardiovascular health in young people

Metabolic Syndrome (Mets) is a cluster of risk factors such as obesity، hyperglycemia، hypertension، dislipidemia which increases cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this research was to investigate comparison the effect of aerobic training and diet on BMI and Metabolic Syndrome Indexes in overweight and obese women. Twenty one patient female volunteers were selected. After the complement of questionnaires، they were randomly divided into two groups; a) aerobic training with diet group (n=11) and b) diet group (n=10). The first group who took part in weekly group sessions for instructing on weight loss (low calorie diet) with the exercise. The second group who took part in weekly group sessions for instruction on weight loss (low calorie diet). Anthropometric characteristics (PBF، BMI، WHR، WC)، VO2peak، and risk factors of metabolic syndrome such as blood pressure، glucose and total cholesterol were measured in several times. Data were analyzed by GLM-Repeated Measures in significance level of P<0/05. Both groups showed a significant reduction in weight، BMI، body Fat percent، mean arterial and systolic blood pressure and an increase in VO2max. Only the first group (aerobic training with diet group) showed a significant decrease in waist circumference، diastolic blood pressure and cholesterol. The Combined program (aerobic training with diet) is more effective on BMI، lowering blood pressure and abdominal fat and provides improvements in Metabolic Syndrome Indexes in overweight/ obese women.

Based on the conflict results about the effect of creatine supplement on delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS)، the present study was carried out to determine the effect of creatine monohydrate loading on serum total creatine kinase (CK) and downhill running-induced muscle soreness in male mountaineers. Twenty volunteer healthy male mountain climbers (Aged 20-28 year، Body fat 8-12%، and VO2max 50-55 ml/kg/min) in a randomized and double-blind design were divided into two equal creatine and placebo groups. Each participant received 300 mg/kg/day creatine monohydrate or dextrose for five consecutive days. After supplementation period، all subjects were participated in downhill running protocol with 65% maximum oxygen consumption، -15% on a treadmill for 30 minutes. Blood samples were obtained in the four phases: Before and after loading phase; immediately and 24hours after downhill running protocol. Data were expressed as means ± SD and analyzed by repeated measure ANOVA، Bonferroni and independent samples t tests at P<0. 05. The serum total creatine kinase (CK) and perceived muscle pain were significantly increased in both groups after the downhill running (P<0. 05). However، the 24-hour change ranges of serum CK in creatine group were significantly less than in placebo group (P<0. 05) while، the 24-hour differences of lower limb’s swelling، flexibility، maximal isometric strength، and explosive power between two groups were not significant (P>0. 05). Based on the present results، it can be concluded that the 5-day creatine monohydrate loading has effect on some undesirable changes of downhill running-induced muscle soreness in male mountain climbers.

Introduction and The aim of this study، determine effect of power training on some blood rheological factors in active young women. Sixteen active young women voluntarily participated in this study and randomly divided into two groups: Experimental (n: 8) and Control (n: 8) groups. The experimental group performed RAST anaerobic power test. Blood sample were taken just before، after test and two hours after recovery. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with repeated measures and LSD post hoc tests. The result indicated that، hematocrit and hemoglobin were significantly increased immediately after test and significantly decreased after two hours. Significant reduction in the number of red blood cells immediately after the test، and two hours later، there was a significant increase. Plasma volume decreased immediately after the test and significantly increased after two hours. Despite these changes، fibrinogen، and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were not significant in any of the two modes. The results of this study showed that the rheological changes RAST test is unstable and run the test for active people rheological changes will not cause problems.

The purpose of this study is Comparison and determination of psychological profiles of Iran’s elite male judoka in three age categories of cadets، juniors and seniors for talent identification and development in Judo. three goup of elite athletic، cadets (N =68)، juniors (N=82)، seniors (N=68) who voluntairly participated، were examined by the questioner of SASI. the finding revealed that not statistically significantly differ on six psychological factors of motivation، concentration، goal setting، imagery، self control and self confidence between grops. the psychological profiles of cadets، juniors، seniors shows that highest scores on the motiviation،goal setteting and self- confidence. In conclusion، this study shows a profile of psychological aspect of Iranian elite level male Judokas which can be considered as a valuable model in talent identification and development in Judo.

The purpose of present study was Investigation the relationship between organization health and effectiveness in ministry of youth affairs and sports of Guilan province. Statistical community of present study was the entire employees of ministry of youth affairs and sports of Guilan province. For data’s gathering two questionnaires used، consist of organization health Questionnaire (50 questions) with 11 subscales and effectiveness questionnaire (Eidi، 1390، 42 questions) with 8 subscales. Cronbach''s alpha coefficient was utilized in a pilot study to examine the internal reliability of OHQ (r=0. 94) and EQ (r=0. 90). Data were analyzed with one-sample kolmogrov-smirnov، Pearson Correlation coefficient، and Liner regression in significance level of P≤0. 05. Results showed that there is significant correlation between all dimensions of organization health consist of communication، participation، commitment، credibility، morale، ethics، performance، goal setting، supportive leadership، efficiency، and resources with organization effectiveness. At last we found significant relationship between organization health and effectiveness. Also، results of regression showed that supportive leadership، performance، and goal setting dimensions of organization health were appropriate predictors for effectiveness. In whole، findings supported the notion that organization health and its dimensions were as a strong predictor of effectiveness.

The present study investigated the relationship between organizational intelligence and its components with Job performance on Board of Physical Education and Sport in Ahvaz city. The study population consisted of all the athletic directors of physical education and sport of Ahvaz city. 108 persons was selected as a sample by simple randomly sampling. To collect data، was used from two questionnaires entitled Albrecht for organizational intelligence and Paterson for Job performance. The type of this study was correlation. to analyze data were used the Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. The test of research hypothesis (level0/05 = α) showed that there is a significant relation between all components of organizational intelligence (Strategic vision، shared fate، Appetite for change، spirit، Alignment congruence، Knowledge deployment and performance pressure) and Job performance on Board of Physical Education and Sport.

Staff’s empowerment is one of the most effective techniques for optimum use of their potentials and abilities to achieving organizational goals. The goal of this research was studying the effect of in-service training courses on empowerment of physical education training. The statistical society of this research was all women and men physical education training in 3 levels of primary، secondary and high school in Ahvaz city (N= 398)، that statistical sample was determined by using of Morgan table (n=200) This research is descriptive-corrolational type and was conducted by field research. For data collection has used of Naderi empowerment adjustment questionnaire (2007). In addition to، formal and contend verifying of questionnaire that certified by masters of physical education faculty، also، verifying of questionnaire structure has done by using of exploratory factor analysis and varimax gyration (KMO=0. 882). The questionnaire stability reported (0. 987) in kronbakh alpha method. The data analysis has done by using of kolmogroph-smearof test، Freidman test، multiple regression analysis (α=0. 05). The result of research shows، generally، there is a positive and significance relation between (r=0. 16، sig=0. 003). in-service training courses had the most effect on the dimensions of (Responsibility، competition، choosing strategy and learning) and there is multiple relation between different dimensions of empowerment with in-service training courses. In addition just، research dimension (p=0. 001، t=3. 39) is qualified for prediction of on duty training courses of physical education trainers. Also، the amount of empowerment increasing on effect of in-service training courses between women trainers was more than men trainers. Also، results of multiple regression showed among several in service training،especialcoursesare most predictive for teacher’s empowerment

This study aims to survey influencing of brand association dimensions on fans’ brand loyalty in Iranian professional football league. The study was practical and descriptive- survey. A sample of Iranian football fans of four top teams in 2010-2011 season replied questionnaires (n=384). Team association questionnaire had developed by Gladeen and Faunk in 2001، used this study. Also، Cronbach’s alphas coefficient (0/82) and Kendall coefficient (0/78) estimated reliability and validity of measures. For analyzing of hypothesis utilized confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model. Results demonstrated the dimension of benefits was the most effective factor. And attitudes and attributes located the second and third rank. Also these dimensions have interaction with each other. There for، the clubs can attract more loyal fans and gain benefits by focusing on this framework for setting strategies.

This study examined the relationship between the privatization components and the development of recreational sport were of the experts view. The research method was correlation method. The instrument was a questionnaire which was prepared by the researchers and some qualified sport management expert confirmed its validity and it''s reliability was assessed in a pilot study which it''s result reported a suitable reliability for the questionnaire (α= 0. 89). The statistical society of this research was the sport management experts who worked as academic staff in Tehran Universities. The sample was equal to the society and no sampling method was used. Statistical method used In this study to test the hypothesis was Pearson correlation and multiple regression method. The research results showed that there was significant correlation between the privatization components and development of the recreational sport. Also، results showed that there was significant correlation between privatization components and public participation، structural reformation، optimization and efficiency. no significant correlation was obtained between privatization components and the quality of service and improvement of the employment.