فصلنامه راهبرد دفاعی
پیاپی 44 (زمستان 1392)

Researches have shown that Information and communication technology (ICT) can increase knowledge and skills of employees. The purpose of this paper is to reach an interactive empowerment model of the human capital of the revolutionary guards on the basis of information and communication technology (ICT). The method of this research has been descriptive-correlational, and from the standpoint of purpose, it can be classified among applied and developmental researches. The sample in the mentioned organization includes managers and experts of the department staff. For testing the hypotheses and the conceptual model of the research structural equations model, correlation tests, confirmatory factor analysis have been used. The results indicate that there a meaningful relation between information and communication (ICT) and empowerment of human capital. Also, the results show that human capital as a mediator variable intensifies the influence of information and communication (ICT) on the empowerment of employees in the mentioned organization.

Soft war is an undeniable reality, and if no measurement has been taken in order to deal with it, it does not mean that there a loss of this fact, but it means neglect and if there has been taken a measurement in front of it, but for this kind of measurement if there are no required programming, guidance and cooperation, the measurements will not result in appropriate results. This study is done by descriptive-survey method. The population of this study is composed of seventy officials and experts of different domains of the country who have had familiarity with the soft war and on the strategic level in the country they have had the confrontation responsibility with the enemies. The sampling method is a random method, the instruments of sampling is sometimes questionnaire with close-ended questions and sometimes open-ended and Cronbach Alpha method is used in order to validate it. The results of this study show that confrontation with the soft war, requires the presence of all related and key institutions and organizations of the country in a strategic structure for "creation of the system of observation of the scene of the soft war and its strategic management" and" guidance and coordination of operations of confrontation with the soft power."

General diplomacy is presented with developments in power and international relations. When American officials realized these developments and changed their approaches from hardware orientation to software-orientation during the end of Bush's presidency period and especially when Obama came to power with the motto of change, the importance of general diplomacy doubled. And now America tries to distort political security of Iran through delegitimization and changing political behavior, and finally to see subversion of the Islamic system. The authors selected 40 persons as the sample population and distributed a questionnaire among them.Weakness and lack of insight in events such as Seffein and etc. inflicted irreparable strikes to Islamic system and on the other hand with institutionalization of insight, Islamic system has reached great achievements. With regard to the above mentioned cases, the subject of this writing is the role of insight in promoting the combat power of military forces. With exploratory studies in religious teachings, 25 factors have been sieved out which after interviewing with experts 18 factors were selected and were presented through questionnaire to the population in order to be weighted. According analysis, the insight factor with a mean of 4/84, with a freedom degree of 84 and a level of meaning 0/000 play a crucial role in promoting the combat power of military forces.

The purpose of this paper is to introduce of current approaches of passive defense and determine appropriate approach and its impact on the operation of AJA. In this applied research, library study and reference to documents and questionnaire is used for gathering data and purposive method of sampling have been used for selection of the number of sample population of the research. In order to determine priority among the three proposed approaches (threat-based, capability-based, and opportunity-based), AHP has been used. The results showed that the opportunity-based approach is the first priority with a value of 0/4138.The amount of significance and operation of passive defense sections of AJA in the case of selection of each of the proposed approaches is done using the analytical and significance method of IPA, and proposals of this research showed the necessity of choosing a combination of opportunity-based and threat-based approaches in heterogeneous conditions of the environment of the scene the future war by AJA in order of results.

Cyberspace like a double-edged sword, on the one hand has threatened cultural, social and security structures of nations, and on the other hand have provided worthy opportunities for introducing capabilities of societies. With this assumption and speculation, the present research tries to identify the impact of cyberspace on the national security of Iran, and by reviewing the influential dimensions of this space; the results of this study have been judged and evaluated by 20 experts of this field in the frame of a questionnaire which in addition to confirmation of effective factors, its data analyzed by statistical methods, and on this basis, vulnerability of the national security of the country in front of political application of cyberspace is recognized as the first priority of threat. Also in the rest, approaches and strategies of active confrontation have been questioned which among the proposed strategies, the strategies of establishing a policymaking center for the purpose of integrated management, utilizing from capacities of society and reinforcement of social capital have been placed at the top of the selected strategies.

Combat power is an indispensible component of military strategy of political leaders and superior commanders and includes physical factors such as number of combat units, supportive units of combat, supportive units of combat services and number guns and weapons, and non-physical (spiritual) factors such as faith, motivation, education, discipline, national and racial costumes, traditions and prejudices, experience, commandership, spirit, insight and etc. The questionnaire of this study included 25 questions, but because some of the questions were two functional and also reviewed two subsidiary questions of the research, this case resulted to increase the number of questions to 30. In this research Likert scale has been used in order to answer questions. The results of this article indicate that the strategic action of America's general diplomacy in confronting with I.R. of Iran has not reached an appropriate and effective result.