مجله زنان مامائی و نازائی ایران
سال شانزدهم شماره 84 (هفته دوم بهمن 1392)

Gestational diabetes is defined as a glucose intolerance of varying severity، with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. The aims of the present study were assessing the serum levels of leptin and adiponectin and the relationship between adiponectin/leptin ratio and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in gestational diabetes. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 30 pregnant women with gestational diabetes and 30 healthy pregnant women referred to Asalian hospital of Khramabad، Iran in 2012. Serum levels of Insulin، leptin and adiponectin were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method (ELISA). Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 11. 5، Mann-Whitney and Spearman correlation tests. P value less than 0. 05 was considered significant. Serum level of leptin was not significantly different between groups (p=0. 20) but adiponectin level was significantly decreased in gestational diabetes group (p=0. 01). Serum level of insulin was not significantly different between groups (p=0. 42)، but HOMA-IR was significantly increased in gestational diabetes groups (p=0. 04). The adiponectin/leptin ratio was decreased significantly in pregnant women with gestational diabetes compared to healthy pregnant women (p=0. 01). The adiponectin/leptin ratio might be used as a potential biomarker for diagnosis or early recognition of insulin resistance in gestational diabetes.

Marital adjustment is basis for marital life. Two important factors affects on marital adjustment are sex satisfaction and religious beliefs. Faith and religion have also encouraged to sex education. The aim of this study was combining sex education and religious education and investigating those effects on marital adjustment in married women.

This single group quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test was conducted on 30 married women referred to two health centers of Mashhad، Iran in 2011. Cases took part in educational classes for 6 weeks. Data were gathered by Spanier Dyadic Adjustment Scale، characteristic demographic and Female Sexual Function Index questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 11. 5 and paired t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient test. P value less than 0. 05 was considered significant.

The mean age of women was 33. 9±7. 2 years and the mean length of marriage was 13. 1±6. 8 years. Majority of women were housekeeper and income level was sufficient. After education، the total score of marital adjustment increased from 94. 12±19. 51 to 102. 61±16. 5 (p=0. 002) and there were significant differences in consensus (p=0. 002) and affectional expression (p=0. 01) subscales.

The sex education based on religious education can increase total marital adjustment and consensus and affectional expression among couples.

Postpartum hemorrhage is one of the important causes of maternal mortality and morbidity in developing countries. Management of the third stage of labor including the use of uncomplicated methods could be effective in reduction of postpartum hemorrhage and maternal mortality and morbidity. This study was done aimed to assess the effect of placental cord drainage on the length of the third stage of labor. This clinical trial was conducted on 90 primiparous women who had vaginal delivery in Razi hospital of Ahvaz، Iran in 2012. In first group placental cord drainage was performed immediately after delivery and women in second group received no intervention. In all cases the placenta was delivered by Brandt Andrew maneuver. Immediately after that، the length of the third stage of labor، mechanism of placental delivery، number of placental retention and need for manual removal of placenta were recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16 and Kolmogorov–Smirnov، independent t-test and chi-square. P value less than 0. 05 was considered significant. The two groups were similar in maternal and neonatal characteristics. Mean length of the third stage of labor in case group (3. 51±0. 93 minutes) was significantly shorter than control group (6. 05±0. 96 minutes) (p<0. 0001). There was no placental retention or need for manual removal of placenta in both groups. Placental cord drainage as a simple and non invasive method can reduce the length of the third stage of labor.