نشریه زمین شناسی محیط زیست
پیاپی 22 (بهار 1392)

Zarshouran zone is located in South East of west Azerbayjan. From geological point of view this zone is a part of Alborz-Azerbaijan zone and Precambrian hostrock forms the prevailing outcrop of Zarshouran zone which is composed of carbonates and acidic volcanic rocks to intermediate rocks. This sequence covered by sharp unconformity from red layers of Oligomiocene. The most important structure which effects in forming the ore deposit, is Imankhan anticline and the main structural features in Zarshouran ore deposit is ductile and brittle structures and among these the main faults with the direction of North-West and South East are probably in connected with mineralization. Gold mineralization in this ore-deposit from different point of view is similar to epithermal mineralization in sedimentary rock especially in calcareous rocks (Carlin type gold deposit). Silicic, silicic argillic, sercitic-argillic and alunitic alteration are visible in the zone. The datas of different stages of this zone have been gathered in GIS base and processed with Data mine Studio 3 software. At first 1427 geochemical samples were studied and the highest mineralization potential of the zone was specified and gold paragenesises were distinguished. Then based on drilled boreholes and statistical studies of datas sections and estimation space were specified and using the best method of estimation, ordinary kriging, and reservoir evaluation have been done. Finally, based on different parts of mineral ore thicknesses and estimation error, the best drilling points for complementary survey of zone in the nets of 50,100,200 meters were specified.

All countries are trying to reuse the waste water. In this study, in order to feasibility of wastewater reuse, parameters such as temperature, turbidity, pH, EC, COD, BOD, TSS, TDS, SAR, carbonate, bicarbonate, alkalinity, chloride, nitrate, sodium, ammonia, magnesium, calcium, total difficulty, phosphate, fecal coli in wastewater of Anbaj treatment plant (Shemiranat region) were investigated seasonally between 2010 and 2011 and restrictions on the reuse of different uses were identified. Quality of studied wastewater for agriculture was in accordance with Iranian Environmental standards except in microbial parameters. EC, TDS and bicarbonate has low to average limitations for irrigation. Based on Wilcox diagram, studied wastewater is located at medium stage (C3 S1) considering alkalinity and salinity. The studied waste water has some problems for aquifer artificial recharge considering the ammonia parameter. According to discharge standards for surface waters ammonia and calcium have some constraints. BOD and ammonia couldn’t be used for aquaculture, environment, recreational and wildlife usages. The studied waste water wasn’t appropriate for industrial use and is classified in waters with medium quality by power ministration.

Bahabad city is located in south Yazd province of Iran, about 200 Km far from east yazd city. In this study, seismic microzonation of the city is done based on the area seismicity with specific return period, and by using obtained data of the 5 boreholes to determinate dynamic soil behavior and ground response against earthquake. To analyze site effect precisely, we used EERA program and provided microzonation maps by Kriging method and using ArcGIS software. The study showed that the city center has a higher amplification factor than the other parts. The area classified to two ground type: IIb (hard soil with thickness more than 30 m) and IIIb (moderate dense soil) based on standard 2800 of Iran. Maximum acceleration and amplification factor of the surface are higher and decrease to go around. The center of the city has hard soil with thickness more than 30 m (IIb) and therefore, maximum spectral acceleration. This trend decreases into the around.

There are several quarry mining methods which are phased out due to lots of difficulties to use and lack of technologies. Selecting the proper quarry mining method is a kind of Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) problem which needs to be managed appropriately. Selection Process deals with some factors affecting on selection approach such as revenue, safety, environmental issues, losses, mining period, etc. The aim of this research is to choose the proper quarry mining method in Iranian quarry mines using Fuzzy-Topsis approach. There are some conventional quarry mining methods in Iran including Plug and Feather, Controlled Blasting Technique, Expanded Powder, Diamond Cut Wire methods. Achieved results from analysis and investigations showed that the Diamond Cut Wire method is the most proper quarry mining method for Iranian quarry mines.

Astaneh granitoid body with middle cretaceous age is located in south west of Arak and Sanandaj - Sirjan structural zone. This body is composed quartz diorite, granodiorite, tonalite and monzo granite dikes and intruded into regional metamorphic rocks (S.S.B). Correlated enrichment in LILEs compare to HFSEs and high Yb La, (5) Yb Th reveal volcanic arc granites and existence enclave (Andalusite) and ratio of 0 71044 86 87 (). I Sr Sr show high crustal contamination the partial of mantle wedge, subducted oceanic crust by lower continental crust, according probably this magmatism related to volcanic arc environment and is the result of the subduction of Neo-Tethys oceanic plate below the Iranian continental crust.

In this paper, geostatistical methods has been used for optimization of groundwater observation wells network in Tabriz plain, North West of Iran. Existing network of observation wells in Tabriz plain have been formed of154 Wells and the distribution is not optimal. Data of existing observation wells network and also quality and quantity network is used in order to optimization. By Comparison of different geostatistical models, for simulation of water level changes in Tabriz plain and choosing the best model, three methods of reduce, increase and change in the location of wells was followed to optimize existing network. The results showed that by reducing the number of wells to 64%, Water levels in areas without information can be estimated with reasonable accuracy. Increasing the number of wells did not improved statistical criteria, but change in the location of some wells causes increase of accuracy of kriging fitted to the data.

In order to study the stratigraphical correlation and environmental changes of the Ruteh Formation deposits in the Alborz Region, four stratigraphical sections in the central Alborz Region (South of Nowshahr, Chalus, and Amol) and Eastern Alborz (Ghoznavi) were studied. Lithology of the Ruteh Formation in the Alborz Region are almost limestone rock and the deposits of the Formation are specified by detrital facies and carbonated facies (limestone and dolomite). The deposits have a great thickness and their thickness is variable in different sections. Therefore the Ruteh Formation thickness in Manjir section (South of Nowshahr) is 493m, and 200m in the North – West Harijan section, 480m in Amol section and the thickness reaches 115m in Ghoznavi (Eastern Alborz) section. Ruteh Formation in these sections was determined at Artinskian- Murghabian age based on the fossils extracted. Based on the field study, and thin sections, four facies including Tidal flat, Lagoon, Braaier and Open marine were identified.